Biological weapons briefly about it. Biological weapons: concept, signs, methods of protection. Main features of biological weapons

Is one of the most important factors influencing development modern world. The danger that lies within this type WMD forces state leaders to make serious adjustments to security concepts and allocate funds for protection against this type of weapon.

Concept and main characteristics of biological weapons

Biological weapons, according to the international classification, are a modern means of destruction that have a negative impact both directly on humans and on the surrounding flora and fauna. Based on application of this weapon lies in the use of animal and plant toxins secreted by microorganisms, fungi or plants. In addition, biological weapons include the main devices by which these substances are delivered to the intended target. This should include aerial bombs, special missiles, containers, as well as projectiles and aerosols.

Damaging factors of bacteriological weapons

The main danger when using this type of weapons of mass destruction is the impact of pathogenic bacteria. As you know, there are quite a lot of varieties of a wide variety of microorganisms that can cause diseases in humans, plants and animals in the shortest possible time. This includes plague, anthrax, and cholera, which often result in death.

Main features of biological weapons

Like any other type of weapon, biological weapons have certain characteristics. Firstly, it is capable of having a negative impact on all living things within a radius of several tens of kilometers within a maximum a short time. Secondly, this type of weapon has a toxicity that significantly exceeds that of any toxic substances obtained synthetically. Thirdly, it is almost impossible to detect the onset of action of this WMD, since both shells and bombs emit only a muffled pop upon explosion, and the microorganisms themselves have incubation period which can last up to several days. Finally, fourthly, the onset of an epidemic is usually accompanied by severe psychological stress among the population, which panics and often does not know how to behave.

Main routes of transmission of bacteriological weapons

The main ways in which biological weapons affect people, plants and animals are contact with microorganisms on the skin, as well as consumption of contaminated foods. In addition, various insects, which are excellent carriers for most diseases, as well as direct contact between sick and healthy people pose a great danger.

Methods of protection against biological weapons

Protection against biological weapons includes a whole range of measures, the main goal of which is to protect people, as well as representatives of flora and fauna, from the effects of pathogenic bacteria. The main means of protection include a variety of vaccines and serums, antibiotics and other drugs. Biological weapons are powerless against means of collective and individual defense, as well as against the influence of special chemical substances, which destroy all pathogens over vast areas.

Biological weapons are weapons mass destruction, its damaging effect is based on the use of a variety of pathogenic microorganisms that are capable of causing mass diseases and leading to the death of people, plants and animals. Some classifications include biological weapons and insect pests that can cause serious harm to the agricultural crops of the enemy state (locusts, Colorado potato beetles, etc.).

Previously, the term “bacteriological weapon” could very often be found, but it did not fully reflect the entire essence of this type of weapon, since bacteria themselves constituted only one of the groups of living beings that could be used to wage biological warfare.

Ban

Biological weapons were prohibited by a document that came into force on March 26, 1975. As of January 2012, 165 states are parties to the Biological Weapons Convention.

The main prohibiting document: “Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) Weapons, as well as Toxins and Their Destruction (Geneva, 1972). The first attempt at a ban was made back in 1925. we're talking about the Geneva Protocol, which came into force on February 8, 1928.

Subject of the prohibition: microbes and other biological agents, as well as toxins, regardless of their origin or production methods, types and quantities that are not intended for prevention, protection or other peaceful purposes, as well as ammunition that is intended to deliver these agents or toxins to to the enemy during armed conflicts.

Biological weapons

Biological weapons pose a danger to people, animals and plants. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae, and bacterial toxins can be used as pathogenic microorganisms or toxins. There is the possibility of using prions (as genetic weapons). At the same time, if we consider war as a set of actions aimed at suppressing the enemy’s economy, then insects that are able to effectively and quickly destroy agricultural crops can also be classified as types of biological weapons.

Biological weapons are inextricably linked with technical means of application and means of delivery. Technical means of use include such means that allow for safe transportation, storage and transfer to combat status biological agents (destructible containers, capsules, cassettes, aerial bombs, sprayers and airborne dispensers).

Biological weapons delivery vehicles include combat vehicles that ensure the delivery of technical means to enemy targets (ballistic and cruise missiles, aircraft, shells). This also includes groups of saboteurs who can deliver containers with biological weapons to the area of ​​use.

Biological weapons have the following features damaging effect:

High efficiency of the use of biological agents;
- difficulty in timely detection of biological contamination;
- the presence of a hidden (incubation) period of action, which leads to an increase in the secrecy of the use of biological weapons, but at the same time reduces its tactical effectiveness, since it does not allow for immediate disabling;
- a wide variety of biological agents (BS);
- the duration of the damaging effect, which is due to the resistance of some types of BS to the external environment;
- flexibility of destructive action (presence of pathogens that temporarily disable and have lethal effects);
- the ability of some types of BS to spread epidemically, which appears as a result of the use of pathogens that can be transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person;
- selectivity of action, which is manifested in the fact that some types of BS affect exclusively people, others - animals, and still others - both people and animals (glanders, anthrax, brucellosis);
- the ability of biological weapons in the form of aerosols to penetrate unsealed premises, engineering structures and military equipment.

Experts usually attribute the advantages of biological weapons to the availability and low cost of production, as well as the possibility of large-scale epidemics of dangerous substances appearing in the enemy army and among its civilian population. infectious diseases, which can spread panic and fear everywhere, as well as reduce the combat effectiveness of army units and disorganize the work of the rear.

The beginning of the use of biological weapons is usually attributed to the ancient world. So, in 1500 BC. e. The Hittites in Asia Minor appreciated the power of the contagious disease and began to send plague to enemy lands. In those years, the infection scheme was very simple: they took sick people and sent them to the enemy’s camp. The Hittites used people who were sick with tularemia for these purposes.

In the Middle Ages, technology received some improvement: corpses dead people or animals from any terrible disease(usually from the plague) were thrown over the walls into the besieged city with the help of a variety of throwing weapons. An epidemic could break out inside the city, with the defenders dying in droves, and the survivors seized by real panic.

One thing remains controversial famous case, which occurred in 1763. According to one version, the British gave the American Indian tribe scarves and blankets that had previously been used by smallpox patients. It is unknown whether this attack was planned in advance (then this is a real case of using BO), or whether it happened by accident. In any case, according to one version, a real epidemic arose among the Indians, which claimed hundreds of lives and almost completely undermined the fighting capacity of the tribe.

Some historians even believe that the famous 10 plagues of the Bible that Moses "called" against the Egyptians may have been campaigns of some sort of biological warfare, rather than divine attacks at all. Many years have passed since then, and human advances in the field of medicine have led to a significant improvement in our understanding of the actions of harmful pathogens and how the human immune system is able to fight them. However, this was a double-edged sword. Science has given us modern treatments and vaccinations, but has also led to the further militarization of some of the most destructive biological "agents" on Earth.

The first half of the 20th century was marked by the use of biological weapons by both the Germans and the Japanese, and both countries used anthrax. Subsequently, it began to be used in the USA, Russia and Great Britain. Even during the First World War, the Germans tried to provoke an anthrax epizootic among the horses of their opponents' countries, but they failed to do so. After the signing of the so-called Geneva Protocol in 1925, the development of biological weapons became more difficult.

However, the protocol did not stop everyone. Thus, in Japan, a whole group experimented with biological weapons during the Second World War. special part - secret squad 731. It is reliably known that during the war years, specialists from this unit purposefully and quite successfully infected the population of China with bubonic plague, which killed a total of about 400 thousand people. And Nazi Germany was engaged in the massive spread of malaria vectors in the Pontine Marshes in Italy; the Allied losses from malaria reached about 100 thousand people.

From all this it follows that biological weapons are a simple, effective and ancient way of exterminating large masses of people. However, such weapons also have very serious disadvantages that significantly limit the capabilities combat use. A very big disadvantage of such weapons is that the pathogens of dangerous diseases cannot be “trained”.

Bacteria and viruses cannot be forced to distinguish friend from foe. Having broken free, they harm all living things in their path indiscriminately. Moreover, they can trigger the process of mutation, and predicting these changes is very difficult, and sometimes simply impossible. Therefore, even antidotes prepared in advance may become ineffective against mutated samples. Viruses are the most susceptible to mutations; it is enough to remember that vaccines against HIV infection have not yet been created, not to mention the fact that from time to time humanity experiences problems with treating the common flu.

Currently, protection against biological weapons is reduced to two large groups of special measures. The first of them are preventive in nature. Preventive actions include vaccinations of military personnel, the population and farm animals, the development of means for early detection of biological weapons, and sanitary and epidemiological surveillance. The second measures are therapeutic. These include emergency prevention after the discovery of the use of biological weapons, specialized care for sick people and their isolation.

Simulations of situations and exercises have repeatedly proven the fact that states with more or less developed medicine can cope with the consequences of currently known types of biological weapons. But the story of the same flu proves to us the opposite every year. If someone manages to create a weapon based on this very common virus, the end of the world could become a much more real event than many people think.

Today the following can be used as biological weapons:
- bacteria - causative agents of anthrax, plague, cholera, brucellosis, tularemia, etc.;
- viruses - causative agents of tick-borne encephalitis, smallpox, Ebola and Marburg fever, etc.;
- rickettsia - causative agents of Rocky Mountain fever, typhus, Q fever, etc.;
- fungi - causative agents of histoplasmosis and nocardiosis;
- botulinum toxin and other bacterial toxins.

To successfully spread biological weapons, the following can be used:

Artillery shells and mines, aircraft bombs and aerosol generators, long- and short-range missiles, as well as any unmanned attack weapons carrying biological weapons;
- aircraft bombs or special containers filled with infected arthropods;
- various ground vehicles and equipment for air contamination;
- special equipment and various devices for sabotage contamination of air and water closed premises, food, as well as for the spread of infected rodents and arthropods.

It is the use of mosquitoes, flies, fleas, ticks, and lice artificially infected with bacteria and viruses that seems to be an almost win-win option. Moreover, these carriers can retain the ability to transmit the pathogen to people virtually throughout their entire lives. And their lifespan can range from several days or weeks (flies, mosquitoes, lice) to several years (ticks, fleas).

Biological terrorism

In the post-war period, biological weapons were not used during large-scale conflicts. But at the same time, terrorist organizations began to take an active interest in him. Thus, since 1916, at least 11 cases of planning or carrying out terrorist attacks using biological weapons have been documented. The most famous example is the story of the sending of letters containing anthrax spores to the United States in 2001, when the letters killed 5 people.

Today, biological weapons most closely resemble the genie in a fairy tale who was locked in a bottle. However, sooner or later, the simplification of technologies for the production of biological weapons may lead to a loss of control over them and will put humanity in front of another threat to its security.

The development of chemical, and later nuclear weapons led to the fact that almost all countries of the world refused further funding of work on the creation of new types of biological weapons, which had been going on for decades. Thus, the technological developments and scientific data that were accumulated during this time turned out to be “suspended in the air.”

On the other hand, work aimed at creating means of protection against dangerous infections has never stopped. They are conducted at the global level, with research centers receiving decent amounts of funding for these purposes. The epidemiological threat continues today throughout the world, which means that even in undeveloped and poor countries there are always sanitary and epidemiological laboratories that are equipped with everything necessary to carry out work related to microbiology.

Today, even ordinary breweries can be quite easily repurposed to produce any biological formulations. Such objects, along with laboratories, may be of interest to biological terrorists.

At the same time, the most likely candidate for use for sabotage and terrorist purposes is the variola virus. Currently, variola virus collections are recommended World Organization healthcare products are securely stored in Russia and the USA. At the same time, there is information that this virus can be stored uncontrollably in a number of states and can spontaneously (and possibly intentionally) leave the storage sites.

It is necessary to understand that terrorists do not pay any attention to international conventions, and they are not at all concerned about the indiscriminate nature of pathogenic microorganisms. The main task of terrorists is to sow fear and achieve their desired goals in this way. For these purposes, biological weapons seem to be an almost ideal option. Few things compare to the panic that the use of biological weapons can cause. Of course, this could not have happened without the influence of cinema, literature and the media, which surrounded such an opportunity with an aura of certain inevitability.

However, even without the media, there are prerequisites for the possible use of such weapons for terrorist purposes. For example, potential bioterrorists take into account the mistakes made by their predecessors. Attempts to create portable nuclear charges And chemical attack, which was carried out in the Tokyo subway due to the lack of high technology and a competent approach among the terrorists, turned out to be failures. At the same time, biological weapons, if the attack is carried out correctly, will continue to operate without the participation of the perpetrators, reproducing itself.

Thanks to this, based on the totality of parameters, we can confidently say that biological weapons may be chosen by terrorists in the future as the most suitable means to achieve their goals.

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Biological weapons- these are pathogenic microorganisms or their spores, viruses, bacterial toxins, infected people and animals, as well as their means of delivery (missiles, artillery shells, mortar mines, aircraft bombs, automatic drifting balloons), intended for mass destruction of enemy personnel and population, farm animals, crops, contamination of food and water sources, and damage to certain types of military equipment and military materials. It is a weapon of mass destruction and is prohibited under the Geneva Protocol of 1925.

The damaging effect of biological weapons is based primarily on the use of the pathogenic properties of pathogenic microorganisms and the toxic products of their vital activity.

Biological weapons are used in the form of various ammunition; they are equipped with certain types of bacteria and viruses that cause infectious diseases that take the form of epidemics. It is intended to infect people, crops and animals, as well as contaminate food and water supplies.

Types of biological weapons are entomological weapons, which use insects to attack the enemy, and genetic weapons, designed to selectively destroy a population based on race, ethnicity, gender or other genetically determined characteristics.

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  Methods of using biological weapons, as a rule, are:

  • missile warheads;
  • aircraft bombs;
  • artillery mines and shells;
  • packages (bags, boxes, containers) dropped from aircraft;
  • special devices that disperse insects from aircraft;
  • sabotage methods.

  In some cases, to spread infectious diseases, the enemy may leave contaminated household items when leaving: clothing, food, cigarettes, etc. In this case, illness can occur as a result of direct contact with contaminated items. It is also possible to deliberately leave infectious patients behind during departure so that they become a source of infection among the troops and the population. When ammunition filled with a bacterial formulation ruptures, a bacterial cloud is formed, consisting of tiny droplets of liquid or solid particles suspended in the air. The cloud, spreading with the wind, dissipates and settles on the ground, forming an infected area, the area of ​​which depends on the amount of the formulation, its properties and wind speed.

  History of application

  The use of a kind of biological weapon was known back in ancient Rome, when, during the siege of cities, the corpses of those who died from the plague were thrown behind the fortress walls to cause an epidemic among the defenders. Such measures were relatively effective, since in confined spaces, with a high population density and with a noticeable lack of hygiene products, such epidemics developed very quickly.

  The use of biological weapons in modern history.

  • 1346 - Bubonic plague begins in Europe. There is an assumption that this terrible “gift” was made by Khan Janibek. After an unsuccessful attempt to capture the city of Kafa (modern Feodosia), he threw into the fortress the corpse of a man who had died of the plague. Together with the merchants who fled the city in fear, the plague arrived in Europe.
  • 1763 - The first concrete historical fact of the use of bacteriological weapons in war is the deliberate spread of smallpox among Indian tribes. American colonialists sent blankets contaminated with the smallpox pathogen to their camp: a smallpox epidemic broke out among the Indians.
  • 1942 - UK: Operation Vegetarian plan to use anthrax in the war with Germany, weapons development and testing carried out on Gruinard Island. The island was contaminated with anthrax spores, remained in quarantine for 49 years, and was declared cleared in 1990.
  • - - Japan: Manchurian detachment 731 against 3 thousand people - as part of development. As part of testing - in combat operations in Mongolia and China. Plans for use in the areas of Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk, Ussuriysk, and Chita have also been prepared. The data obtained formed the basis for developments at the US Army Bacteriological Center at Fort Detrick (Maryland) in exchange for protection from persecution for Detachment 731 employees. However, the military-strategic result of combat use turned out to be more than modest: according to the “Report of the International Scientific Commission to Investigate the Facts of Bacteriological Warfare in Korea and China” (Beijing, 1952), the number of victims of artificially caused plague from 1940 to 1945 was approximately 700 people, then there turned out to be even less than the number of prisoners killed as part of the development.
  • According to the same “Report of the international scientific commission to investigate the facts of bacteriological warfare in Korea and China” (Beijing, 1952), during the Korean War, bacteriological weapons were used by the United States against the DPRK (“Only from January to March 1952 in 169 regions of the DPRK There were 804 cases of the use of bacteriological weapons (in most cases - bacteriological aerial bombs), which caused epidemic diseases." According to Assistant Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR Vyacheslav Ustinov, after the war he studied the available materials and came to the conclusion that the use of bacteriological weapons by the Americans could not be confirmed.
  • According to some researchers, the anthrax epidemic in Sverdlovsk in April 1979 was caused by a leak of anthrax bacteria from the Sverdlovsk-19 laboratory or was a sabotage by American intelligence services. These points of view were considered by the Russian microbiologist M. Supotnitsky. According to the official Soviet version, the cause of the disease was the meat of infected cows. On April 4, 1992, on the 13th anniversary of the tragedy, B. N. Yeltsin signed the Law of the Russian Federation “On improving pensions for the families of citizens who died as a result of anthrax in the city of Sverdlovsk in 1979,” equating the Sverdlovsk accident to the Chernobyl accident and actually recognizing the responsibility of the military bacteriologists for the death of innocent people. The version of an accidental leak from a bioweapons plant (Sverdlovsk-19) was once again confirmed by the President of the Russian Federation a month later.
  • In 1962, on the territory of modern Japanese prefecture Okinawa, the United States conducted tests on spraying spores of a pathogenic fungus that causes rice blast, as a result of which it was possible to “achieve partial success in collecting useful information.”

  Features of destruction by biological weapons

  When affected by bacterial or viral agents, the disease does not occur immediately; there is almost always a latent (incubation) period during which the disease does not manifest itself external signs, and the victim does not lose combat effectiveness. Some diseases (plague, cholera, anthrax) can be transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person and, spreading quickly, cause epidemics. It is quite difficult to establish the fact of the use of bacterial agents and determine the type of pathogen, since neither microbes nor toxins have any color, smell, or taste, and the effect of their action can appear after a long period of time. Detection of bacteria and viruses is only possible through special laboratory tests, which takes considerable time, making it difficult to timely carry out measures to prevent epidemic diseases.

  Modern strategic biological weapons use mixtures of viruses and bacterial spores to increase the likelihood deaths when used, however, as a rule, strains that are not transmitted from person to person are used in order to geographically localize their impact and thereby avoid their own losses.

  Bacterial agents

  Bacterial agents include pathogenic bacteria and the toxins they produce. Causative agents or toxins of the following diseases can be used to equip biological weapons.

  Investigation into the “cucumber psychosis” of 2011 in Europe: are transnational corporations testing biological weapons on Europeans?

  The editorial office of RIA Katyusha received an investigation into a series of mysterious outbreaks of dangerous intestinal infections that affected Western European countries in 2011 (the source of the virus was never found), conducted by Russian biologists. The conclusions drawn by the authors are very serious: they believe that we are talking about the use of biological weapons that destroy human blood vessels (the use of biological weapons is prohibited according to the Geneva Protocol of 1925), and that Europe has become a testing ground for transnational corporations interested in building a new world order , and the WTO logistics system is used to distribute contaminated goods as quickly as possible.

  Is it all Spain's fault?

  Initially, German authorities stated that salad cucumbers from Spain were carriers of the intestinal infection. The latter responded to this by banning the activities of several of its exporters, and later declared its non-involvement in the spread of the infection. “The cucumber is innocent” - material with this headline was published on the front page of the French publication “ Liberation" As reported in the publication, after the death of sixteen people caused by the bacterium, the first laboratory tests in Germany proved the “innocence” of the Spanish cucumber, and the real reason The occurrence of infection on food is still unknown. Authorities Hamburg released laboratory data showing that bacteria were indeed found on cucumbers from Spain, but they did not match the type of bacteria found in the bodies of the sick patients.

  Is the virus brought to Europe from the USA to blame for everything?

  A strain is a pure culture of the virus. The strain of this E. coli, Escherichia coli, can be found in the body of humans and warm-blooded animals quite often. This wand is harmless in almost all of its modifications, but some of them, such as Escherichia, can cause serious illness. In most cases, the bacterium is transmitted to a person by consuming contaminated foods. Most patients recover within 10 days, but in a small number of patients, especially children and the elderly, the disease can be life-threatening due to severe bleeding in the intestines. This selectivity of the virus has caused fear for the lives of children and the elderly.

  

  During the “cucumber psychosis” in Europe in 2011, scientists in Europe and many other countries encountered a conflict when studying the virus between the E. coli O104:H4 virus in Hamburg and other serotypes of the O104 group, in particular O104:21, which caused an epidemic of hemorrhagic colitis in Montana (USA) in 1994 - that is the trail led from Europe to the USA. The path of the virus from the USA to Europe occurred through heat-treated meal, as a dietary supplement to the diet of animals, which clearly indicates artificial introduction of the virus into a product for animal consumption. This artificial introduction into the processed product can be called sabotage or testing a system for improving biological weapons. Since the thermally processed product is sterile, it can only be infected with the virus deliberately. Readers can easily find references in media archives to how events developed in Europe, when residents of one European country believed that farmers of another country were to blame for the spread of the disease.

  This indicates that information about the origin of the virus strain was carefully suppressed and removed. Nobody still suspects that Europe has become a testing ground for those who pay for the testing of terror and the use of biological weapons, destroying human blood vessels. The search and analysis of facts from the media led to the understanding that the basis of any diarrhea of ​​the EHEC type, to which the virus in Hamburg belongs, is the formation or activity of bacteria in the feces of animals, usually livestock. The pathogenic effect of E. coli 0157:H7 is based on its ability to produce a cytotoxin similar in properties to Shigella cytotoxins. There are many different serotypes of Escherichia coli in the world that synthesize Shiga-like toxins - toxins that destroy the endothelium of small blood vessels and cause diarrhea with a similar symptom complex.

  Therefore, they are called enterohemorrhagic - those that cause effective damage to humans. Such damage - this is a biological weapon, the damaging effect of which is based on the use of pathogenic properties of pathogenic microorganisms. Biological weapons are weapons of mass destruction and are prohibited under the 1925 Geneva Protocol. The fact that the source of the virus in Hamburg was not discovered indicates deliberate infection with the virus, since if it had arisen naturally and not artificially, virologists would have quickly found the place where it appeared. During the search, it was found that the bulk of diseases of this type occur in the United States, so all diarrhea epidemics that occurred there over the last period were taken as a basis. “Co-authors of the investigation” were also found on the Internet, who also considered the experience of identifying and the origin of the virus as the strain that caused the epidemic in the United States.

  The author's investigation led to the place where the virus first appeared - the United States. It's from there the infection spread to Europe. However, no one noticed the trace of the disease or did not want to notice. In any case, information about the origin of the virus was in no way connected with the territory of the United States, despite obvious evidence of this: the appearance of additives from the United States in cattle feed in Germany. These additives, after being processed by the animal’s stomach, ended up in fertilizers created in Europe based on its vital activity.

  It was through compost fertilizers that beans and vegetables were contaminated. One of the facts of the investigation is that a strain of diarrhea from Hamburg was developed and modified in the United States to be persistent and resistant to antibiotics, and then sent to cross the Hamburg-Hannover-Berlin and Bremen line, the so-called American line. This line was created as a central element of direct transport links in the WTO (World Trade Organization) system. Trade Organization). Thus, the WTO system uses the logistical system of the US occupation policy in Europe created after World War II. This product delivery system allowed the disease to spread quickly By Northern Europe and deal her a crushing blow.

  

  When asked where this strain came from - was it found in nature or artificially bred as a new species - Chinese scientists were the first to answer: “...pathogenic bacteria isolated in medical center at the University of Hamburg (this city is the center of experimental epidemics in the United States for Europe) from the feces of infected people, Chinese geneticists undertook to study. In three days, the bacterial genome was deciphered in the laboratories of the Beijing Institute of Genomics using hydrogen ion detection (...) - a method used in fast and relatively cheap sequencers newest generation. According to a Chinese press release, the Germans are not dealing with E.coli O157:H7, as expected, but with E.coli serotype O104:H4 -"a completely new and highly infectious supertoxic strain of E. coli" (Read completely .

  That is, from the findings of Chinese scientists it is clear that a new type of virus has been developed as a fact of the “meat” origin of the diarrhea epidemic from Hamburg. Following the logical chain, the testing of biological weapons and the fact that they spread through soybean meal throughout Europe, through animal feces, is hidden and disguised as natural factor military biological attack in the food distribution system through the WTO.

  Technology of mass infection of people bacteriological weapons, to which a new strain of E. coli O104:H4 can be added, spread through the small suburb of Uelzen, which supplies the huge city of Hamburg with food products, which in the WTO system from Hamburg go to the whole of Europe. Moreover, the source of infection found in Hamburg in time and effect as a mass infection, coincided with the annual Port Festival. This is a cultural event attended by almost two million people from Germany and other European countries.

  According to the law of war: terrorist attack– this is an ideally correct option for carrying out chaos and genocide through sabotage, when millions of people should be exposed to infection at once. And doing this through food products is an ideal option, especially those distributed as in Hamburg - at the time of a cultural event.

  From the author’s investigation and the consequences of infection of Europeans, it is clear that the organizers of the terror failed in their attempt at mass infection, since the infection among the population of Hamburg occurred later than the planned cultural mass pan-European festival there in Hamburg. The outbreak of infections occurred after the festival. The epidemic originated through one of the important Hamburg ports in the satellite city Uelzen, which is located on the Elbe River canal with cargo handling of more than 200,000 tons per year. This indicates a properly planned sabotage operation and its focus on a facility that receives and processes a lot of cargo, distributing it further throughout Europe.

  Uelzen has one of the largest sugar factories in Germany, owned by the Nordzucker AG concern - largest company in Germany, which has second place in the industry. And also Uelzen is the only national major manufacturer dairy products and beverage powders, butter, milk fat, and specialty products. In addition, there are other industrial food plants in Uelzen, mainly processing cucumber, soybean, bean and dairy products. These are such concerns as Nowka, Nestlé, Scholler, and the fruit juice concern Krings GmbH, which process raw materials for the preparation of fruit drinks and export them to many countries around the world. The sabotage operation was thought out in such a way that whoever conceived it was interested in the targeted and massive spread of infection through Europe’s largest hub for trade, processing and distribution of food products.

  The technology behind E.coli O104:H4 entering Europe is simple. The modern food industry gives the virus good opportunity to gain a foothold in human civilization. In addition to ground beef, EHEC is transmitted in sausages prepared by dry fermentation methods, milk, apple cider, mayonnaise and various salads. In addition, they use traditional transmission routes - through water and direct contact from person to person, and from livestock to person (Acheson D., Keusch G., 1996).

  From time to time, in the media, an opinion similar to ours arises about prepared viral sabotages. For example, according to a microbiologist Alexandra Kekule, the terrorist background of what is happening is clearly deduced by him from what is happening. But A. Kekule makes a cautious, deliberately contradictory conclusion, so as not to be unfounded. This conclusion coincides with everything that is said in this article. A. Kekule says that viral “sabotage” “very unlikely because it is a completely new pathogen.” “It had to be grown artificially. “I think potential aggressors have not yet advanced that far technologically,”– he indicated in an interview published the day before, ITAR-TASS reports. That is, A. Kekule consciously admits that only with powerful material resources can a virus be made and distributed, since it does not exist in nature. Means, level of funding for such biological sabotage - not the level of small criminal groups, but the level of huge criminal financial and industrial corporations that belong to elite terrorists.

  

  Why do the elite fascists need all this?

  There is only one answer: for world domination, which can be built on the basis and presence of a virus, which is combined with the presence of a vaccine in the owner of the virus.

  Or maybe we are turned away from live cattle, which are expensive to raise and are being prepared for new, especially “safe” meat products that are competitive for the overseas elite, grown as biomass in vitro?

  Therefore, the conclusion from the whole “cucumber psychosis” suggests itself: based on the events in Europe in 2011, we observed selection bacteria artificially bred in the USA with the aim of preserving them in a new habitat as a new species of a “natural disease” that has a fatal effect on people. “Cucumber psychosis” was most likely not a terrorist attack as such, but a study on Europeans of a new type of biological weapon in its preparatory version. That is, the owners of deadly strains of bacteria conduct research on residents of Europe, as well as the United States, like guinea pigs.

  Scientific experience of the emergence of new viruses suggests that they appear not where there are no epidemics, but where they exist in large quantities– this is testing virus samples. The irrefutable fact is that the largest Lately Diarrhea epidemics occurred in the United States. The infected population and the state serving it during the epidemic are beginning to take measures to neutralize the virus. These virus countermeasures also require study. Therefore, the ruling elites (owners of virus technologies), who order the research of viruses, test them first of all in “their” countries and then transfer the virus to other countries to study the actions of the population, as well as the competent institutions and organizations of these countries.

  The population of civilized countries in Europe and the USA also serves as a guinea pig for the elites. These countries are “mouse traps with cheese” for the migrating population. The “mousetrap” itself is a complex system for preparing an ideology that influences social and financial domination throughout the world, consisting of experimental people for the elite. These people, under the guise of forced or “voluntary” migration, through “carrots and sticks”, that is, disasters or grants for accommodation, a work visa, are drawn into the resettlement program, segmented according to certain principles. After that, psychological, biological, political, economic, social and other experiments are performed on them, which are then transferred to other countries in order to inflict damage on them in a controlled manner, including through military-biological means.

  E. coli strain 0157:H7 was recognized as a human pathogen in 1982, following two outbreaks in the United States associated with the consumption of undercooked hamburgers at fast food outlets. So establishments that distribute hamburgers (cattle processed products), such as McDonald's - best places for large-scale spread of infection. Suffice it to give an example: every second Moscow resident consumes fast food at least twice a week. In the fifteen years after 1982, up to 60 major outbreaks caused by E. coli O157:H7 were reported in the United States (Acheson D., Keusch G., 1996). Every year in the United States, up to 250 people die from hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by this pathogen (Altekruse et al., 1997).

  Why is E.coli O104:H4, like its older US strain E.coli 0157:H7, an ideal bacteriological weapon?

  E.coli 0157:H7 has a low infectious dose for humans - on the order of several hundred microorganisms. The main reservoir of E.coli 0157:H7 and other EHEC (strains of bacteria belonging to the Escherichia coli species) is considered to be cattle. The release of EHEC during slaughter is considered the main route through which they penetrate into food products. Precautions are not very effective when it comes to ground beef products because they are made from meat that comes from many different animals. Thus, even if one animal is infected, the bacteria penetrate the entire batch (Acheson D., Keusch G., 1996).

  

  As an example: according to French journalists, the International Bureau of Epizootics has information that on the territory of Georgia, under the guise of implementing a program to prevent the spread of biological weapons, work is underway to create various viruses. The Italian information resource Wanted in Rome writes about this. The construction of the laboratory, which is officially intended to identify viruses dangerous to humans and animals, scientific research and monitoring of the epidemiological situation, was completed in December 2009, project cost amounted to 100 million dollars, writes Georgia Online.

  “There are similar laboratories in three or four countries around the world. It is a great honor for us that the United States chose Georgia. Georgian scientists have a chance to become number one and improve their professional level,” Georgian Prime Minister Nika Gilauri said during the opening. “The construction of this laboratory in Georgia was caused by the geographical locationcountry and necessity", – noted US Ambassador John Bas. According to the online publication of the South Caucasus “New Region”, the director of the laboratory is Anna Zhvania, who held various high positions in the Georgian government, and until February 2008 headed Intelligence Service. As a fact: Anna Zhvania’s brother David Zhvania became the Minister of Emergency Situations in Ukraine under the Government of Yulia Tymoshenko and became a sponsor in Ukraine of the election campaign of pro-American President Viktor Yushchenko in the 2006 elections. Currently, in Ukraine, in the cities of Odessa and Kharkov, there are two biological laboratories funded from the United States.

  In connection with the above, the authors of the article suggest that humanity, more than ever, is on the verge of the threat of destruction not only from nuclear danger, but also from viral infection. All threats are artificially initiated by individuals backed by large international financial and industrial corporations, the political leadership of the countries of Great Britain and the USA, and NATO as a whole.

  US bacteriological weapons were handed over to “reliable” hands in Odessa (2010)

  Are biological weapons a real threat?

  More details and a variety of information about events taking place in Russia, Ukraine and other countries of our beautiful planet can be obtained at Internet Conferences, constantly held on the website “Keys of Knowledge”. All Conferences are open and completely free. We invite everyone who wakes up and is interested...

  general characteristics biological weapons. The main types of pathogens of infectious diseases and the characteristics of their damaging effects. Methods and means of using biological weapons

  General characteristics of biological weapons

  Biological weapons are special ammunition and military equipment with means of delivering them to the target, equipped with biological agents; it is intended for mass destruction of people, farm animals and crops.

  The basis of the destructive effect of biological weapons are biological agents (BS) - biological agents specially selected for combat use, capable of causing severe diseases (damages) upon penetration into the body of people (animals, plants).

  Features of the damaging effect of BO

  1. BW selectively infects mainly living matter, leaving material assets undamaged, which can then be used by the attacking party. In addition, some biological agents are capable of infecting only people, others - farm animals, and still others - plants. Only certain agents are dangerous for both humans and animals.

  2. BW has a high combat effectiveness, since the doses of biological agents that cause infection are negligible, significantly exceeding the most toxic toxic substances.

  3. BW is capable of hitting manpower over areas of tens of thousands or more square kilometers, which makes it possible to use it to defeat highly dispersed manpower and in the absence of data on its exact location

  4. The damaging effect of BO manifests itself after a certain, so-called incubation (hidden) period, which lasts from several hours to several days and even weeks. The incubation period may be shortened or lengthened depending on various factors. These include the size of the dose of biological agents that penetrated the body, the presence of specific immunity in the body, the timeliness of the use of medical protective equipment, physical state and previous exposure of the body to ionizing fluxes. During the incubation period, the personnel fully retain their combat effectiveness.

  5. BW is characterized by a duration of action due to the property of some biological agents to cause diseases capable of epidemic spread. On the other hand, some biological agents remain in a viable state in the external environment for a long time (months and years). The increase in the duration of action of BOs is also associated with the possibility of the spread of some biological agents by artificially infected blood-sucking vectors. In this case, there is a danger of the formation of a persistent natural focus of infection, the presence of which will be dangerous for personnel.

  6. Possibility of covert use of biological weapons and difficulties in timely indication and identification of biological agents.

  7. BO has a strong psychological impact. The threat of the enemy using biological weapons or the sudden appearance of dangerous diseases (plague, smallpox, yellow fever) can cause panic and depression, thereby reducing the combat effectiveness of troops and disorganizing the work of the rear.

  8. Large volume and complexity of work to eliminate the consequences of the use of biological weapons, which may result in serious environmental consequences. Biological agents affect humans, animals and vegetable world, microorganisms. This can lead to their mass death, a decrease in numbers to such a level at which they cannot continue their further existence as species. The disappearance of one or a group of biological species in an ecological community seriously disrupts the ecological balance. The created vacuum can be filled biological species- carrier dangerous infection acquired naturally or as a result of the use of biologically active substances. In turn, this will lead to the formation of vast areas of persistent natural focality, inhabitation of which is dangerous for humans.

  Biological agents can cause diseases by entering the body through the respiratory system along with air, through gastrointestinal tract with food and water, through the skin (through abrasions and wounds and bites of infected insects).

  The main types of pathogens of infectious diseases and the characteristics of their damaging effects

  The enemy can use the following as biological agents:

  To affect humans - botulinum toxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin, causative agents of plague, tularemia, anthrax, yellow fever, Q fever, brucellosis, Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis and other diseases;

  For the destruction of farm animals - pathogens of anthrax, glanders, foot-and-mouth disease, rinderpest, etc.;

  For the destruction of agricultural crops - pathogens of cereal rust, potato late blight and other diseases.

  To destroy grain crops and industrial crops, one can expect the enemy to deliberately use insects - the most dangerous pests agricultural crops, such as locusts, Colorado potato beetles, etc.

  Microorganisms, including pathogens of infectious diseases, depending on size, structure and biological properties are divided into the following classes: bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, fungi.
  Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms visible only under a microscope; reproduce by simple division. They quickly die from exposure to direct sun rays, disinfectants and high temperature. TO low temperatures The bacteria are insensitive and even tolerate freezing. Some types of bacteria to survive in unfavorable conditions capable of becoming covered with a protective capsule or turning into a spore that is highly resistant to these factors. Bacteria cause such serious diseases as plague, tularemia, anthrax, glanders, etc.

  Fungi are microorganisms that differ from bacteria in their more complex structure and methods of reproduction. Fungal spores are highly resistant to drying, exposure to sunlight and disinfectants. Diseases caused by pathogenic fungi are characterized by damage to internal organs with a severe and long-lasting course.

  Features of the damaging effects of toxins

  Microbial toxins- waste products of certain types of bacteria that are highly toxic. When these products enter the body of humans or animals with food or water, these products cause severe, often fatal, poisoning.

  The most dangerous known bacterial toxin is botulinum toxin, which leads to death in 60-70% of cases in the absence of timely treatment. Toxins, especially in dried form, are quite resistant to freezing, fluctuations relative humidity air and do not lose their damaging properties in the air for up to 12 hours. Toxins are destroyed by prolonged boiling and exposure to disinfectants.

  When a certain amount of a toxin enters the body, it causes a form of disease called poisoning or intoxication.

  Penetration of toxins into the body occurs mainly in three ways: through the gastrointestinal tract, the wound surface and the lungs. From the site of primary penetration, they are carried by blood to all organs and tissues. The toxin in the blood is partially neutralized special cells immune system or specific antibodies that are produced by the body in response to the introduction of a toxin. In addition, the detoxification process takes place in the liver, where the toxin enters through the bloodstream. Removal of neutralized toxin from the body in most cases is carried out by the kidneys.

  Manifestations toxic effect microbial toxins are different and are associated with their predominant damage to certain organs and those changes in the body that arise due to the violation functions of these organs.

  Certain toxins affect nervous tissue, block the conduction of impulses along nerve fibers, disrupting the regulatory influence of the nervous system on the muscles, resulting in paralysis.

  Other toxins, acting primarily in the intestines, disrupt the absorption process of fluid, which, on the contrary, exits into the intestinal lumen, resulting in diarrhea and dehydration.

  In addition, toxins act on various internal organs, where they penetrate with the blood, disrupting cardiac activity, liver and kidney functions. A number of toxins, when in the blood, can have a direct damaging effect on blood cells and blood vessels and disrupt blood clotting processes.

  Methods and means of using biological weapons

  The effectiveness of BW depends not only on the damaging abilities of pathogens, but also to a large extent on the right choice ways and means of their application. The following methods of using BO are possible:

  Pollution of the ground layer of air by spraying biological formulations (pathogens);

  Aerosol method;

  Dispersion of artificially infected blood-sucking disease carriers in the target area is a vector-borne method;

  Direct contamination with biological weapons and military equipment, water supply systems (water sources), catering units, food products in warehouses, as well as air in rooms and objects of importance with the help of sabotage equipment - sabotage method.

  The most effective and probable way to use biological agents is to create a biological aerosol using small bombs equipped with disposable cluster bombs, containers, warheads of guided and cruise missiles, as well as through various spraying devices (airborne pouring and spraying devices, mechanical aerosol generators) installed on airplanes, helicopters, cruise missiles, balloons, ships, submarines, and ground vehicles.

  Airborne pouring and spraying devices make it possible to achieve aerosol contamination of ground air over large areas.

  Disposable bomb clusters and containers can contain several dozen or even hundreds of small biological bombs. The dispersion of small bombs makes it possible to simultaneously and evenly cover large-sized objects with an aerosol. The transfer of a biological formulation to a combat state is carried out by the explosion of an explosive charge.

  Transmission method consists of deliberately dispersing artificially infected vectors into a given area. The method is based on the ability of blood-sucking carriers to easily perceive, preserve for a long time, and through bites and secretions transmit pathogens of a number of diseases dangerous to humans and animals. So, individual species mosquitoes transmit yellow fever, fleas - plague, lice - typhus, ticks - Q fever, encephalitis, tularemia, etc. The influence of weather conditions is determined only by their impact on the life activity of carriers. It is believed that the use of infected vectors is most likely at temperatures of 15 ° C and above and a relative humidity of at least 60%. This method is considered as auxiliary.

  To deliver and disperse disease carriers and insect pests of agricultural crops in the target area, entomological munitions can be used - aircraft bombs and containers that provide protection from adverse factors during flight and landing (heating and soft landing on the ground).

  It is possible to use radio- and remote-controlled balloons and balloons. Drifting along with the prevailing air currents, they are capable of landing or dropping biological munitions upon appropriate commands.

  Sabotage method is very affordable and effective, does not require special training. Using small-sized devices (portable aerosol generators, spray canisters), you can contaminate the air in crowded places, in the premises and halls of train stations, airports, subways, social, cultural and sports centers, as well as at facilities with important defense and national significance. It is possible that water in urban water supply systems may be contaminated using pathogens of cholera, typhoid fever, and plague.

  Biological agents can be used by tactical, transport and strategic aircraft.

  According to the views of foreign military experts, the use of biological weapons is possible both on the eve and during military operations with the aim of inflicting massive losses on personnel, complicating the conduct of active combat operations, disorganizing the work of facilities and the economy of the rear as a whole. In this case, it is planned to use biological munitions both independently and in combination with nuclear, chemical and conventional weapons in order to significantly increase overall losses. For example, previous exposure of the body to ionizing radiation nuclear explosion sharply reduces its protective ability against the action of BS and shortens the incubation period.

  Principles of the use of biological weapons(suddenness, massing, careful consideration of the conditions of use, combat properties and characteristics of the damaging effect of pathogens) are generally the same as for other types of weapons of mass destruction, in particular chemical weapons.

  In an offensive, biological weapons are supposed to be used to destroy personnel of reserves and second echelons located in areas of concentration or on the march, as well as rear units. In defense, the use of biological weapons is recommended to destroy personnel, both first and second echelons, large control centers and rear facilities. To solve operational-tactical problems, the enemy can use a BS with a short incubation period and low contagiousness.

  When operating against strategic targets, it is more likely to use BS with a long latent period and high contagiousness.