UN Millennium Declaration. Declarations VII. Meeting Africa's Special Needs

During the 1990s, a number of international conferences held under the auspices of the United Nations put forward critical goals and objectives global development(“International Development Challenges”). In September 2000, at the UN General Assembly (Millennium Summit), the Millennium Declaration was adopted, which was signed by representatives of 189 countries, including 147 heads of state. The declaration expresses concern about security issues further development peace and recognizes that progress can only be achieved on the basis of the principles sustainable development with economic growth focused on solving the problem of poverty and ensuring human rights. Several major interrelated development goals were identified on the world development agenda, which were later called the Millennium Development Goals (MDG).

Leaders agreed to set time-bound, measurable goals and indicators to combat poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation and discrimination against women. And all UN member countries - 191 states - have committed to achieving these goals by 2015.

To track progress towards the 8 main goals at the global, national and local levels, 18 more specific objectives were set (see Table 1) and 48 indicators were selected to assess the success of their implementation. Since July 2002, the UN Secretary-General has already reported four times to the world community on the progress of implementation of the Millennium Declaration.

The Millennium Development Goals define all parts of the system UN framework, within which they will consistently and jointly achieve a common goal. The UN has a unique opportunity, on the ground in virtually every developing country, to advocate for change, to ensure various countries access knowledge and resources and help coordinate broader work at the country level. Global progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals is clear, but progress is uneven and too slow. The vast majority of countries will only be able to achieve their goals if they receive significant outside support in the form of advocacy, expertise and resources. The main task facing the world community - both developed and developing countries - is to mobilize financial support and political will, increased government efforts, changing priorities and development policy, capacity building and engagement of civil society and private sector partners.

Table 1. Goals and objectives set in the Millennium Declaration

Section IV of the Millennium Declaration is dedicated to environmental protection. It says, in particular: “We must spare no effort in ridding all humanity, and above all our children and grandchildren, from the threat of living on a planet that will be hopelessly damaged by human activity and whose resources will no longer be enough to satisfy their needs. We reaffirm our support for the principles of sustainable development, including those set out in Agenda 21 agreed at the UN Conference on environment and development. We are determined to adhere in all our environmental activities new ethics of careful and responsible attitude towards nature."
UN Millennium DeclarationMillennium Declaration
United Nations
Approved by General Assembly resolution 55/2 of September 8, 2000.

General Assembly,
accepts the following Declaration:
United Nations Millennium Declaration

I. Values ​​and principles

1. We, the Heads of State and Government, gathered at United Nations Headquarters in New York from 6 to 8 September 2000, at the dawn of the new millennium, to reaffirm our faith in the Organization and its Charter as the inviolable foundations of a more peaceful, prosperous and a just world.
2. We acknowledge that in addition to individual responsibility We also have a responsibility to our own communities collective responsibility for promoting the principles of human dignity, justice and equality at the global level. Therefore, as leaders, we are responsible to all the inhabitants of the Earth, especially to the most vulnerable among them, and in particular to the children of the world, to whom the future belongs.
3. We reaffirm our commitment to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, which have proven to be timeless and universal. Their relevance and ability to serve as a source of inspiration increase as countries and peoples become increasingly interconnected and interdependent.
4. We are determined to establish a fair and lasting peace throughout the world in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter. We reaffirm our commitment to support all efforts to ensure sovereign equality all states; respect them territorial integrity and political independence; settlement of disputes by peaceful means and in accordance with the principles of justice and international law; the right to self-determination of peoples still under colonial rule and foreign occupation; non-interference in the internal affairs of states; respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; compliance equal rights for everyone without distinction of race, gender, language or religion; And international cooperation in the decision international problems economic, social, cultural or humanitarian nature.
5. We believe that the main challenge facing us today is to ensure that globalization becomes a positive force for all peoples of the world. This is because, although globalization offers great opportunities, its benefits are now being enjoyed very unevenly and its costs are unevenly distributed. We recognize that developing countries and countries with economies in transition face particular challenges in responding to this major challenge. That is why globalization can only become fully inclusive and equitable through broad and persistent efforts to forge a common future based on our common humanity in all its diversity. These efforts must include policies and measures at the global level that meet the needs developing countries and countries with economies in transition, and which would be developed and implemented with their effective participation.
6. We believe that it is essential for international relations in the 21st century will have a number of fundamental values. These include:
Freedom. Men and women have the right to live and raise their children in human conditions, free from hunger and fear of violence, oppression and injustice. The best guarantee of these rights is a democratic form of government based on broad participation and the will of the people.
Equality. No person and no country should be denied the benefits of development. Equality of rights and opportunities for men and women must be guaranteed.
Solidarity. Global problems must be addressed with a fair distribution of costs and burdens in accordance with fundamental principles of equality and social justice. Those who suffer or are least favored deserve help from those who are most advantaged.
Tolerance. With all the diversity of religions, cultures and languages, people must respect each other. Differences within and between societies should neither be feared nor persecuted, but should be cherished as humanity's greatest asset. A culture of peace and dialogue among all civilizations should be actively promoted.
Respect for nature. The basis of protection and rational use All living organisms and natural resources must be treated with care in accordance with the tenets of sustainable development. Only in this way can we preserve for our descendants the enormous wealth that nature has given us. Current unsustainable production and consumption patterns must be changed for our future well-being and the well-being of our descendants.
General duty. Responsibility for managing global economic and social development and addressing threats international peace and security must be shared among the peoples of the world and implemented on a multilateral basis. The United Nations, as the most universal and representative organization in the world, must play a central role in this.
7. To translate these shared values ​​into concrete action, we have identified key goals to which we attach particular importance.

II. Peace, security and disarmament

8. We will make every effort to free our peoples from the scourge of wars, whether within or between states, wars that have claimed more than 5 million lives over the past decade. We will also work to eliminate the threats posed by weapons of mass destruction.
9. We are therefore determined:
strengthen respect for the rule of law, both internationally and internal affairs, and in particular to ensure compliance by Member States with decisions of the International Court of Justice, in pursuance of the Charter of the United Nations, in any cases to which they are parties;
enhance the effectiveness of the United Nations in maintaining peace and security by providing it with the resources and tools it needs for conflict prevention, peaceful dispute resolution, peacekeeping operations, post-conflict peacebuilding and reconstruction. In this regard, we take note of the report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations and request the General Assembly to promptly consider its recommendations;
strengthen cooperation between the United Nations and regional organizations in accordance with the provisions of Chapter VIII of the Charter;
ensure compliance by participating States with treaties in areas such as arms control and disarmament, and international humanitarian and human rights law, and encourage all States to consider signing and ratifying the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court;
take concerted action to combat international terrorism and join as soon as possible to all relevant international conventions;
redouble our efforts to implement our commitment to curb the world drug problem;
intensify our efforts to combat transnational crime in all its aspects, including human trafficking and smuggling and money laundering;
minimize the adverse effects of those introduced by the United Nations economic sanctions for innocent groups of the population; ensure that such sanctions regimes are regularly reviewed; and eliminate the adverse consequences of sanctions for third parties;
strive to eliminate weapons of mass destruction, especially nuclear weapons, and keep open all available options to achieve this goal, including the possibility of convening international conference to determine ways and means of elimination nuclear threat;
take concerted action to stop the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons, especially by ensuring greater transparency in arms transfers and supporting regional disarmament measures, taking into account all recommendations of the upcoming United Nations conference on the illicit trade small arms And light weapons;
call upon all States to consider acceding to the Convention on the Prohibition of Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer anti-personnel mines and their destruction, as well as the amended Mine Protocol to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons.
10. We urge Member States to respect the Olympic Truce, individually and collectively, now and in the future, and to support the International Olympic Committee in his efforts to promote peace and understanding among people through sport and the embodiment of the Olympic ideals.

III. Development and poverty eradication

11. We will spare no effort to free our fellow men, women and children from the degrading, extreme poverty in which more than a billion of them are currently forced to live. We are committed to making the right to development a reality for all and freeing the entire human race from want.
12. In this regard, we are committed to creating, both nationally and globally, an environment conducive to development and poverty eradication.
13. Success in achieving these goals depends, inter alia, on ensuring good governance in each country. It also depends on ensuring good governance in international level and transparency in financial, monetary and trading systems. We are committed to an open, fair, regulated, predictable and non-discriminatory multilateral trading and financial system.
14. We are concerned about the obstacles that developing countries face in mobilizing the resources needed to finance their sustainable development. We will therefore make every effort to ensure the success of the High-Level International and Intergovernmental Event on Financing for Development to be held in 2001.
15. We also commit to helping to address the special needs of least developed countries. In this regard, we welcome the convening of the Third United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries in May 2001 and will strive to ensure its success. We call on industrialized countries to:
adopt, preferably before the start of this Conference, a set of measures to ensure duty-free and quota-free access to their markets for virtually all exports of least developed countries;
begin without further delay an expanded program of debt relief for poor countries with high level debt and agree to write off all of these countries' official bilateral debt in exchange for their strong commitments to combat poverty;
and provide more generous development assistance, especially to those countries that are truly trying to use their resources to reduce poverty.
16. We are also committed to comprehensively and effectively addressing the debt problems of low- and middle-income developing countries through various national and international measures aimed at making their debt sustainable over the long term.
17. We are also committed to addressing the special needs of small island developing States by implementing the Barbados Program of Action and the decisions of the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly expeditiously and fully. We urge international community Ensure that the development of the vulnerability indicator takes into account the special needs of small island developing States.
18. We recognize the special needs and challenges of landlocked developing countries and urge both bilateral and multilateral donors to increase financial and technical assistance to this group of countries to meet their special development needs and help them overcome conditioned by them geographical location difficulties by improving their transit transport systems.
19. We are also determined:
halve the share of the population by 2015 globe with an income of less than one dollar a day and the proportion of the population suffering from hunger, and to halve by the same time the proportion of the world's population without access to safe drinking water, including due to lack of funds;
ensure that, by the same date, children around the world, both boys and girls, have the opportunity to complete a full primary school education and that girls and boys have equal access to all levels of education;
by the same date, achieve a reduction in maternal mortality by three-quarters and mortality among children under 5 years of age by two-thirds compared with their current levels;
by the specified date, stop the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other major diseases that affect humanity, and begin a trend towards reducing their incidence;
provide special assistance to children who have lost their parents due to HIV/AIDS;
by 2020, achieve significant improvements in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, as envisaged by the Slum-Free Cities initiative.
20. We are also determined:
promote gender equality and women's empowerment as effective means of combating poverty, hunger and disease and promoting development that is truly sustainable;
develop and implement policies that give young people around the world a real chance of finding decent and productive work;
encourage the pharmaceutical industry to make essential medicines more widely available and accessible to all who need them in developing countries;
build strong partnerships with the private sector and civil society organizations for development and poverty eradication;
Take measures to ensure that everyone can benefit from new technologies, especially information and communications technologies, in accordance with the recommendations contained in the 2000 ECOSOC Ministerial Declaration.

IV. Protecting our shared environment

21. We must spare no effort in ridding all humanity, and above all our children and grandchildren, from the threat of living on a planet that will be hopelessly damaged by human activity and whose resources will no longer be sufficient to meet their needs.
22. We reaffirm our support for the principles of sustainable development, including those set out in Agenda 21 agreed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development.
23. In this regard, we are determined to adhere to the new ethic of caring and responsible attitude towards nature in all our environmental activities and, to begin with, declare our determination:
make every effort to ensure the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol, preferably by the tenth anniversary of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 2002, and to begin the greenhouse gas emissions reductions it envisages;
intensify our collective efforts for forest management, conservation of all types of forests and sustainable development of forestry;
strive for full implementation of the Convention on biological diversity and the Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa;
stop unsustainable exploitation water resources, developing water management strategies at the regional, national and local levels that promote equitable access to water and its sufficient supply;
intensify cooperation to reduce the number and consequences of natural and man-made disasters;
provide free access to information about the human genome.

V. Human rights, democracy and good governance

24. We will spare no effort to promote democracy and strengthen the rule of law, and to ensure respect for all internationally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to development.
25. We are therefore determined:
fully respect and support the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
to seek the full protection and promotion in all our countries of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights for all;
strengthen the capacity of all our countries to implement the principles and practices of democracy and respect for human rights, including the rights of minorities;
combat all forms of violence against women and implement the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women;
take measures to ensure respect and protection of the human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of their families, stop the increasing manifestations of racism and xenophobia in many societies and promote greater harmony and tolerance in all societies;
collectively push for greater openness political processes by creating conditions for genuine participation by all citizens in all our countries;
provide funds mass media freedom to exercise their inherent important function, and the public's right of access to information.

VI. Protecting the Vulnerable

26. We will make every effort to ensure that children, as well as all civilians who suffer the most as a result of natural disasters, genocide, armed conflict and other humanitarian emergencies, are provided with every assistance and protection with a view to their speedy return to normal life .
Therefore, we are determined:
expand and strengthen efforts to protect civilians in complex emergencies in accordance with international humanitarian law;
strengthen international cooperation, including burden-sharing humanitarian aid countries hosting refugees and its coordination; and assist all refugees and displaced persons to voluntarily return to their homes in safety and dignity and to reintegrate smoothly into their societies;
Encourage the ratification and full implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its optional protocols on the involvement of children in armed conflict and the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography.

VII. Meeting Africa's Special Needs

27. We will support the strengthening of democracy in Africa and assist Africans in their struggle for lasting peace, poverty eradication and sustainable development, thereby bringing Africa into the mainstream of global economic development.
28. We are therefore determined:
fully support the political and institutional structures of emerging democracies in Africa;
stimulate and support regional and subregional mechanisms for conflict prevention and promotion political stability and ensure a reliable flow of resources for peacekeeping operations on the continent;
take special measures to address poverty eradication and sustainable development in Africa, including debt relief, improved market access, increased official development assistance (ODA) and increased foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, as well as technology transfer;
help Africa build its capacity to curb the HIV/AIDS pandemic and other infectious diseases.

VIII. Strengthening the United Nations

29. We will make every effort to make the United Nations a more effective instrument for all these priorities: the fight for development for all peoples of the world, the fight against poverty, ignorance and disease; fighting injustice; combating violence, terrorism and crime; combating the degradation and destruction of our common home.
30. We are therefore determined:
reaffirm the centrality of the General Assembly as the main deliberative, decision-making and representative organ of the United Nations and enable it to play this role effectively;
to intensify our efforts to carry out comprehensive reform of the Security Council in all its aspects;
continue to strengthen the Economic and Social Council, building on its recent achievements, to help it fulfill the role assigned to it in the Charter;
strengthen International Court in order to ensure justice and the rule of law in international affairs;
encourage regular consultation and coordination among the principal organs of the United Nations in the performance of their functions;
ensure that the Organization is provided, on a timely and predictable basis, with the resources it needs to fulfill its mandates;
urge the Secretariat to make the best use of these resources, in accordance with the clear rules and procedures agreed by the General Assembly, for the benefit of all Member States, through the use of the most effective methods management and advanced technologies and by focusing efforts on those tasks that are consistent with the agreed priorities of Member States;
promote compliance with the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel;
to ensure greater policy coherence and further improvement of interaction between the United Nations, its agencies, the Bretton Woods institutions and the World trade organization, as well as other multilateral bodies, to ensure a fully coordinated approach to peace and development issues;
continue to strengthen cooperation between the United Nations and national parliaments through their world organization- Interparliamentary Union - in various areas, including peace and security, economic and social development, international law and human rights, democracy and gender issues;
provide to the private sector, non-governmental organizations and civil society generally greater opportunities to contribute to the achievement of the goals and programs of the Organization.
31. We request the General Assembly to regularly review progress in the implementation of the provisions of this Declaration and request Secretary General publish periodic reports for consideration by the General Assembly and as a basis for further action.
32. We take this historic opportunity to reaffirm that the United Nations is indispensable common house for all humanity and that through it we will strive to realize our common desire for peace, cooperation and development. Therefore, we solemnly promise to fully support these common goals and declare our determination to ensure their achievement.
________________________________________
http://www.un.org/russian/documen/declarat/r55-2.pdf

The United Nations Millennium Development Goals are eight goals that all 191 UN member states agreed to achieve in 2015. The United Nations Millennium Declaration, signed in September 2000, commits world leaders to combating poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation and discrimination against women. All MDGs derived from this Declaration have specific targets and indicators.

The eight Millennium Development Goals:

• eliminate extreme poverty and hunger;
• ensure universal elementary education;
• promote gender equality and empower women;
• reduce child mortality;
• improve maternal health;
• fight HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases;
• ensure environmental sustainability; And
• build a global partnership for development.

All MDGs are interdependent, all MDGs affect health, and health affects all MDGs. For example, better health makes children able to learn and adults able to earn a living. Achieving better health requires gender equality. Tackling poverty, hunger and environmental degradation has a positive impact on achieving the MDGs, but results in these areas also depend on gains in health.

"United Nations Millennium Declaration" (Adopted by General Assembly resolution 55/2 of 8 September 2000)

"United Nations Millennium Declaration"

I. Values ​​and principles

1. We, the Heads of State and Government, gathered at United Nations Headquarters in New York from 6 to 8 September 2000, at the dawn of the new millennium, to reaffirm our faith in the Organization and its Charter as the inviolable foundations of a more peaceful, prosperous and a just world.

2. We recognize that, in addition to our individual responsibilities to our own societies, we also have a collective responsibility to promote the principles of human dignity, justice and equality at the global level. Therefore, as leaders, we are responsible to all the inhabitants of the Earth, especially to the most vulnerable among them, and in particular to the children of the world, to whom the future belongs.

3. We reaffirm our commitment to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, which have proven to be timeless and universal. Their relevance and ability to serve as a source of inspiration increase as countries and peoples become increasingly interconnected and interdependent.

4. We are determined to establish a just and lasting peace throughout the world in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter. We reaffirm our commitment to support all efforts aimed at ensuring the sovereign equality of all states; respect for their territorial integrity and political independence; settlement of disputes by peaceful means and in accordance with the principles of justice and international law; the right to self-determination of peoples still under colonial rule and foreign occupation; non-interference in the internal affairs of states; respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; respect for equal rights for everyone without distinction of race, gender, language and religion; and international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian nature.

5. We believe that the main challenge facing us today is to ensure that globalization becomes a positive force for all peoples of the world. This is because, although globalization offers great opportunities, its benefits are now being enjoyed very unevenly and its costs are unevenly distributed. We recognize that developing countries and countries with economies in transition face particular challenges in responding to this major challenge. That is why globalization can only become fully inclusive and equitable through broad and persistent efforts to forge a common future based on our common humanity in all its diversity. These efforts must include policies and measures at the global level that respond to the needs of developing countries and countries with economies in transition, and that are designed and implemented with their effective participation.

6. We believe that a number of fundamental values ​​will be essential to international relations in the 21st century. These include:

Liberty . Men and women have the right to live and raise their children in human conditions, free from hunger and fear of violence, oppression and injustice. The best guarantee of these rights is a democratic form of government based on broad participation and the will of the people.

Equality . No person and no country should be denied the benefits of development. Equality of rights and opportunities for men and women must be guaranteed.

Solidarity. Global problems must be addressed with a fair distribution of costs and burdens, in accordance with fundamental principles of equality and social justice. Those who suffer or are least favored deserve help from those who are most advantaged.

Tolerance. With all the diversity of religions, cultures and languages, people must respect each other. Differences within and between societies should neither be feared nor persecuted, but should be cherished as humanity's greatest asset. A culture of peace and dialogue among all civilizations should be actively promoted.

Respect for nature. The protection and rational use of all living organisms and natural resources must be based on prudence in accordance with the tenets of sustainable development. Only in this way can we preserve for our descendants the enormous wealth that nature has given us. Current unsustainable production and consumption patterns must be changed for our future well-being and the well-being of our descendants.

General Duty. The responsibility for managing global economic and social development and addressing threats to international peace and security must be shared among the peoples of the world and carried out on a multilateral basis. The United Nations, as the most universal and representative organization in the world, must play a central role in this.

7. To translate these shared values ​​into concrete action, we have identified key goals to which we attach particular importance.

II. Peace, security and disarmament

8. We will make every effort to free our peoples from the scourge of wars, whether within or between states, wars that have claimed more than 5 million lives over the past decade. We will also work to eliminate the threats posed by weapons of mass destruction.

9. We are therefore determined:

to strengthen respect for the principle of the rule of law, both in international and domestic affairs, and in particular to ensure that Member States comply with the decisions of the International Court of Justice, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, in any cases to which they are parties;

enhance the effectiveness of the United Nations in maintaining peace and security by providing it with the resources and tools it needs for conflict prevention, peaceful dispute resolution, peacekeeping operations, post-conflict peacebuilding and reconstruction. In this regard, we take note of the report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations and request the General Assembly to promptly consider its recommendations;

strengthen cooperation between the United Nations and regional organizations in accordance with the provisions of Chapter VIII of the Charter;

ensure compliance by participating States with treaties in areas such as arms control and disarmament, and international humanitarian and human rights law, and encourage all States to consider signing and ratifying the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court;

take concerted action to combat international terrorism and accede as soon as possible to all relevant international conventions;

redouble our efforts to implement our commitment to curb the world drug problem;

intensify our efforts to combat transnational crime in all its aspects, including human trafficking and smuggling and money laundering;

minimize the adverse effects of United Nations economic sanctions on innocent populations; ensure that such sanctions regimes are regularly reviewed; and eliminate the adverse consequences of sanctions for third parties;

to strive for the elimination of weapons of mass destruction, especially nuclear weapons, and to keep open all available options for achieving this goal, including the possibility of convening an international conference to determine ways and means of eliminating the nuclear threat;

take concerted action to stop the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons, especially through greater transparency in arms transfers and support for regional disarmament measures, taking into account all recommendations of the upcoming United Nations conference on the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons;

Call upon all States to consider acceding to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction, as well as the amended Mine Protocol to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons.

10. We urge Member States to respect the Olympic Truce, individually and collectively, now and in the future, and to support the International Olympic Committee in its efforts to promote peace and understanding among people through sport and the Olympic ideal.

III. Development and poverty eradication

11. We will spare no effort to free our fellow men, women and children from the degrading, extreme poverty in which more than a billion of them are currently forced to live. We are committed to making the right to development a reality for all and freeing the entire human race from want.

12. In this regard, we are committed to creating, both nationally and globally, an environment conducive to development and poverty eradication.

13. Success in achieving these goals depends, inter alia, on ensuring good governance in each country. It also depends on ensuring good governance at the international level and transparency in the financial, monetary and trading systems. We are committed to an open, fair, regulated, predictable and non-discriminatory multilateral trading and financial system.

14. We are concerned about the obstacles that developing countries face in mobilizing the resources needed to finance their sustainable development. We will therefore make every effort to ensure the success of the High-Level International and Intergovernmental Event on Financing for Development to be held in 2001.

15. We also commit to helping to address the special needs of least developed countries. In this regard, we welcome the convening of the Third United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries in May 2001 and will strive to ensure its success. We call on industrialized countries to:

adopt, preferably before the start of this Conference, a set of measures to ensure duty-free and quota-free access to their markets for virtually all exports of least developed countries;

initiate, without further delay, an expanded program of debt relief for highly indebted poor countries and agree to write off all official bilateral debt of these countries in exchange for their strong commitments to combat poverty;

and provide more generous development assistance, especially to those countries that are truly trying to use their resources to reduce poverty.

16. We are also committed to comprehensively and effectively addressing the debt problems of low- and middle-income developing countries through various national and international measures aimed at making their debt sustainable over the long term.

17. We are also committed to addressing the special needs of small island developing States by implementing the Barbados Program of Action and the decisions of the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly expeditiously and fully. We urge the international community to ensure that the specific needs of small island developing States are taken into account when developing the vulnerability indicator.

18. We recognize the special needs and challenges of landlocked developing countries and urge both bilateral and multilateral donors to increase financial and technical assistance to this group of countries to meet their special development needs and help them overcome challenges arising from their geographical location by improving their transit transport systems.

19. We are also determined:

halve by 2015 the proportion of the world's population living on less than a dollar a day and the proportion of people suffering from hunger, and halve by the same date the proportion of the world's population without access to safe drinking water, including due to lack of funds;

ensure that, by the same date, children around the world, both boys and girls, have the opportunity to complete a full primary school education and that girls and boys have equal access to all levels of education;

by the same date, achieve a reduction in maternal mortality by three-quarters and mortality among children under 5 years of age by two-thirds compared with their current levels;

by the specified date, stop the spread of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other major diseases that affect humanity, and begin a trend towards reducing their incidence;

provide special assistance to children who have lost their parents due to HIV/AIDS;

by 2020, achieve significant improvements in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, as envisaged by the Slum-Free Cities initiative.

20. We are also determined:

promote gender equality and women's empowerment as effective means of combating poverty, hunger and disease and promoting development that is truly sustainable;

develop and implement policies that give young people around the world a real chance of finding decent and productive work;

encourage the pharmaceutical industry to make essential medicines more widely available and accessible to all who need them in developing countries;

build strong partnerships with the private sector and civil society organizations for development and poverty eradication;

Take measures to ensure that everyone can benefit from new technologies, especially information and communications technologies, in accordance with the recommendations contained in the 2000 ECOSOC Ministerial Declaration.

IV. Protecting our shared environment

21. We must spare no effort in ridding all humanity, and above all our children and grandchildren, from the threat of living on a planet that will be hopelessly damaged by human activity and whose resources will no longer be sufficient to meet their needs.

22. We reaffirm our support for the principles of sustainable development, including those set out in Agenda 21 agreed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development.

23. In this regard, we are determined to adhere to the new ethic of caring and responsible attitude towards nature in all our environmental activities and, to begin with, declare our determination:

make every effort to ensure the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol, preferably by the tenth anniversary of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 2002, and to begin the greenhouse gas emissions reductions it envisages;

intensify our collective efforts for forest management, conservation of all types of forests and sustainable development of forestry;

pursue the full implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Convention to Combat Desertification in those countries experiencing severe drought and/or desertification, especially in Africa;

stop the unsustainable exploitation of water resources by developing water management strategies at the regional, national and local levels that promote equitable access to water and its sufficient supply;

intensify cooperation to reduce the number and consequences of natural and man-made disasters;

provide free access to information about the human genome.

V. Human rights, democracy and good governance

24. We will spare no effort to promote democracy and strengthen the rule of law, and to ensure respect for all internationally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to development.

25. We are therefore determined:

fully respect and support the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;

to seek the full protection and promotion in all our countries of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights for all;

strengthen the capacity of all our countries to implement the principles and practices of democracy and respect for human rights, including the rights of minorities;

combat all forms of violence against women and implement the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women;

take measures to ensure respect and protection of the human rights of migrants, migrant workers and members of their families, stop the increasing manifestations of racism and xenophobia in many societies and promote greater harmony and tolerance in all societies;

collectively strive for greater openness in political processes, creating conditions for genuine participation by all citizens in all our countries;

ensure the freedom of the media to perform their essential function, as well as the public's right to access information.

VI. Protecting the Vulnerable

26. We will make every effort to ensure that children, as well as all civilians who suffer the most as a result of natural disasters, genocide, armed conflict and other humanitarian emergencies, are provided with every assistance and protection with a view to their speedy return to normal life .

Therefore, we are determined:

expand and strengthen efforts to protect civilians in complex emergencies in accordance with international humanitarian law;

strengthen international cooperation, including burden-sharing and coordination of humanitarian assistance to countries hosting refugees; and assist all refugees and displaced persons to voluntarily return to their homes in safety and dignity and to reintegrate smoothly into their societies;

Encourage the ratification and full implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its optional protocols relating to the involvement of children in armed conflict and the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography.

VII. Meeting Africa's Special Needs

27. We will support the strengthening of democracy in Africa and assist Africans in their struggle for lasting peace, poverty eradication and sustainable development, thereby bringing Africa into the mainstream of global economic development.

28. We are therefore determined:

fully support the political and institutional structures of emerging democracies in Africa;

stimulate and support regional and subregional mechanisms for conflict prevention and promotion of political stability and ensure a reliable flow of resources for peacekeeping operations on the continent;

take special measures to address poverty eradication and sustainable development in Africa, including debt relief, improved market access, increased official development assistance (ODA) and increased foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, as well as technology transfer;

help Africa build its capacity to curb the HIV/AIDS pandemic and other infectious diseases.

VIII. Strengthening the United Nations

29. We will make every effort to make the United Nations a more effective instrument for all these priorities: the struggle for development for all the peoples of the world, the fight against poverty, ignorance and disease; fighting injustice; combating violence, terrorism and crime; and combating the degradation and destruction of our common home.

30. We are therefore determined:

reaffirm the centrality of the General Assembly as the main deliberative, decision-making and representative organ of the United Nations and enable it to play this role effectively;

to intensify our efforts to carry out comprehensive reform of the Security Council in all its aspects;

continue to strengthen the Economic and Social Council, building on its recent achievements, in order to help it fulfill the role assigned to it in the Charter;

strengthen the International Court of Justice to ensure justice and the rule of law in international affairs;

encourage regular consultation and coordination among the principal organs of the United Nations in the performance of their functions;

ensure that the Organization is provided, on a timely and predictable basis, with the resources it needs to fulfill its mandates;

urge the Secretariat to make the best use of these resources, in accordance with the clear rules and procedures agreed by the General Assembly, for the benefit of all Member States, through the use of the best management practices and advanced technologies, and by focusing efforts on those tasks that are consistent with the agreed priorities of States -members;

promote compliance with the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel;

ensure greater policy coherence and further improve interaction between the United Nations, its agencies, the Bretton Woods institutions and the World Trade Organization, as well as other multilateral bodies, in order to ensure a fully coordinated approach to peace and development issues;

continue to strengthen cooperation between the United Nations and national parliaments through their world body, the Inter-Parliamentary Union, in various fields, including peace and security, economic and social development, international law and human rights, democracy and gender issues;

provide greater opportunities for the private sector, non-governmental organizations and civil society in general to contribute to the achievement of the goals and programs of the Organization.

31. We request the General Assembly to regularly review progress in the implementation of the provisions of this Declaration and request the Secretary-General to publish periodic reports for the consideration of the General Assembly and as a basis for further action.

32. We take this historic opportunity to reaffirm that the United Nations is the indispensable common home of all humanity and that through it we will strive to realize our common desire for peace, cooperation and development. We therefore solemnly pledge our full support for these common goals and declare our determination to ensure their achievement.

UNITED NATIONS

DECLARATION
UNITED NATIONS MILLENNIUM

I. Values ​​and principles

1. We, the Heads of State and Government, gathered at United Nations Headquarters in New York from 6 to 8 September 2000, at the dawn of the new millennium, to reaffirm our faith in the Organization and its Charter as the inviolable foundations of a more peaceful, prosperous and a just world.
2. We recognize that, in addition to our individual responsibilities to our own societies, we also have a collective responsibility to promote the principles of human dignity, justice and equality at the global level. Therefore, as leaders, we are responsible to all the inhabitants of the Earth, especially to the most vulnerable among them, and in particular to the children of the world, to whom the future belongs.
3. We reaffirm our commitment to the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, which have proven to be timeless and universal. Their relevance and ability to serve as a source of inspiration increase as countries and peoples become increasingly interconnected and interdependent.
4. We are determined to establish a just and lasting peace throughout the world in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter. We reaffirm our commitment to support all efforts aimed at ensuring the sovereign equality of all States, respect for their territorial integrity and political independence, the settlement of disputes by peaceful means and in accordance with the principles of justice and international law, the right to self-determination of peoples still under colonial rule and foreign occupation, non-interference in the internal affairs of states, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, equal rights for all without distinction of race, sex, language or religion and international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian nature.
5. We believe that the main challenge facing us today is to ensure that globalization becomes a positive force for all peoples of the world. This is because, although globalization offers great opportunities, its benefits are now being enjoyed very unevenly and its costs are unevenly distributed. We recognize that developing countries and countries with economies in transition face particular challenges in responding to this major challenge. That is why globalization can only become fully inclusive and equitable through broad and persistent efforts to forge a common future based on our common humanity in all its diversity. These efforts must include policies and measures at the global level that respond to the needs of developing countries and countries with economies in transition, and that are designed and implemented with their effective participation.
6. We believe that a number of fundamental values ​​will be essential to international relations in the 21st century. These include:
- Freedom. Men and women have the right to live and raise their children in human conditions, free from hunger and fear of violence, oppression and injustice. The best guarantee of these rights is a democratic form of government based on broad participation and the will of the people.
- Equality. No person and no country should be denied the benefits of development. Equality of rights and opportunities for men and women must be guaranteed.
- Solidarity. Global challenges must be addressed with a fair distribution of costs and burdens, in accordance with fundamental principles of equality and social justice.

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