What are pronounced character traits called. positive character traits. Person's character

Every person is born with a unique own character. A child can inherit individual traits from his parents, some show them to a greater extent, and some do not look like any of the family members at all. But character is not the behavior of parents projected onto the child, it is a more complex mental phenomenon. The list of positives is very long. In the article we will try to highlight the main character traits.

human?

Translated from Greek the word "character" means " distinguishing feature, sign". Depending on the type of psychological organization people find their soul mates, build relationships, build their whole lives. Human character is a unique set mental characteristics, personality traits that play a decisive role in various aspects of a person's life and are manifested through his activities.

To understand the character of an individual, it is necessary to massively analyze his actions. Judgments about character can be very subjective, because not every person acts the way his heart tells him. However, it is possible to identify individual stable character traits by studying the behavior long time. If a person in different situations makes the same decision, draws similar conclusions and shows a similar reaction, then this indicates that he has one or another trait. For example, if someone is responsible, then his behavior both at work and at home will meet this criterion. If a person is cheerful by nature, a one-time manifestation of sadness against the background of general positive behavior will not become a separate character trait.

character building

The process of character formation begins at the very early childhood, in the first social contacts of the child with parents. For example, excessive love and guardianship can later become the key to a stable characteristic of the human psyche and make him dependent or spoiled. That is why many parents are especially attentive to the upbringing of positive character traits in children. They get pets so that the baby can feel what responsibility is, instruct him to do small chores around the house, teach him to put away his toys and explain that not all desires and whims can be fulfilled.

The next step becomes Kindergarten and school. The child already has the main character traits, but at this stage they are still amenable to correction: you can wean a small personality from greed, help get rid of excessive shyness. In the future, as a rule, the formation and change of character traits is possible only when working with a psychologist.

Character or temperament?

Very often these two concepts are confused with each other. Indeed, both character and temperament shape human behavior. But they are fundamentally different in nature. Character is a list of acquired mental properties, while temperament is of biological origin. Having the same temperament, people can have completely different characters.

There are 4 types of temperament: impulsive and unbalanced choleric, unhurried and calm phlegmatic, light and optimistic sanguine and emotionally vulnerable melancholic. At the same time, temperament can restrain certain character traits, and vice versa, character can compensate for temperament.

For example, a phlegmatic person with a good sense of humor will still be stingy with displays of emotion, but this will not prevent him from demonstrating a sense of humor, laughing and having fun in appropriate society.

List of positive qualities of a person

The list of positive and negative qualities of a person is huge. Initially, all definitions regarding the nature and essence of a person, his behavior are subjective. In society, certain norms have been established that make it possible to determine how positive or negative this or that personality trait or its act is. However, there are superior qualities person, demonstrating his virtue and good intentions. Their list looks like this:

• altruism;
• respect for elders;
• kindness;
• fulfillment of promises;
• moral;
• responsibility;
• loyalty;
• perseverance;
• moderation;
• responsiveness;
• honesty;
• sincerity;
• disinterestedness and others.

These qualities, along with their derivatives, constitute the nature of the true beauty of a person's character. They are laid in the family, in the process of upbringing, children copy the behavior of their parents, and therefore a well-educated person will have all these highest qualities.

List of negative qualities of a person

The list of positive and negative qualities of a person can be formed for a long time, since there are a lot of them. To assign a person the presence of a negative quality of character on the basis of his act or action alone will be fundamentally wrong. You can’t hang labels, even the most well-mannered and can really believe that they are endowed with, say, greed or arrogance. However, if such behavior is a pattern, then the conclusion will be obvious.

The list of negative traits, as well as positive ones, is huge. The most basic and common are as follows:

• lack of will;
• irresponsibility;
• harmfulness;
• greed;
• viciousness;
• deceit;
• hypocrisy;
• hatred;
• selfishness;
• intolerance;
• greed and others.

The presence of such character traits in a person is not a diagnosis, they can and should be dealt with even in adult, conscious age, to correct behavior.

Character traits that manifest themselves in relation to other people

We have formed a list of positive and negative qualities of a person. Now we will talk about character traits that manifest themselves in relation to other people. The fact is that depending on in relation to whom or what a person performs an action or act, a specific individual feature of it is exposed. In society, he can demonstrate the following qualities:

• sociability;
• responsiveness;
• susceptibility to someone else's mood;
• respectfulness;
• arrogance;
• egocentrism;
• coarseness;
• closure and others.

Of course, a lot depends on the conditions in which a person finds himself: even the most open and sociable person may experience problems in communicating with a strict, closed and heartless person. But, as a rule, polite people endowed positive qualities, easily adapt in society and suppress their negative traits.

Character traits manifested in work

Building a person's career directly depends on the qualities of his character. Even the most talented and gifted people can fail because they are not responsible enough for their work and their talent. Thus, they only harm themselves and do not give themselves the opportunity to reach their full potential.

Or, on the contrary, there are cases when the lack of talent was more than compensated for by special diligence in work. A responsible and accurate person will always succeed. Here is a list of the main such traits:

• diligence;
• responsibility;
• initiative;
• accuracy;
• slovenliness;
• laziness;
• negligence;
• passivity and others.

These two groups of character traits actively echo each other, since labor activity and communication between people are inseparably linked.

Character traits that manifest themselves in relation to oneself

These are the features that characterize in relation to himself, his self-perception. They look like this:

• feeling dignity or superiority;
• honour;
• arrogance;
• self-criticism;
• egocentrism;
• self-love and others.

Character traits that manifest themselves in relation to things

Attitude towards things does not affect the building of a person's social ties, but it demonstrates and reveals the best or unattractive qualities of his nature. These are traits such as:

• accuracy;
• thrift;
• scrupulousness;
• carelessness and others.

Mentality, qualities of a Russian person

Mentality is a very subjective concept, and it is based on stereotypical thinking. However, it cannot be denied that certain features are inherent in a particular nationality. Russian people are famous for their cordiality and hospitality, cheerful disposition. The Russian soul is considered mysterious and incomprehensible all over the world, since Russians do not differ in the rationality and logic of their actions, they are often influenced by their mood.

Another feature of the Russian people is sentimentality. A Russian person instantly takes on the feelings of another and is always ready to share emotions with him, to lend a helping hand. It is impossible not to mention another trait - compassion. Historically, Russia has helped its neighbors on all frontiers of the country, and today only a heartless man will pass past the misfortune of another.

As Victor Hugo used to say, a person has as many as three characters: one ascribes to him the environment, the other he ascribes to himself, and the third is real, objective.

There are more than five hundred character traits of a person, and not all of them are unambiguously positive or negative, a lot depends on the context.

Therefore, any person who has collected certain qualities in individual proportions is unique.

The character of a person is a specific combination of personal, ordered psychological traits, features, nuances inherent only to him. It is formed, meanwhile, for a lifetime and manifests itself during labor and social interaction.

Soberly assessing and describing the character of the chosen person is not an easy task. After all, not all of its properties are shown to the environment: some features (good and bad) remain in the shadows. Yes, and to ourselves we seem somewhat different than seen in the mirror.

Is it possible? Yes, there is a version that this is possible. Through long efforts and training, you are able to appropriate the qualities you love, becoming a little better.

The character of a person is shown in his actions, in public behavior. It is visible in the attitude of the individual to work, to things, to other people and in her self-esteem.

In addition, the qualities of character are divided into groups - "volitional", "emotional", "intellectual" and "social".

We are not born with specific traits, but acquire them in the process of upbringing, education, exploration of the environment, and so on. Of course, the genotype also influences the formation of character: an apple often falls very close to an apple tree.

At its core, character is close to temperament, but they are not the same thing.

In order to relatively soberly assess oneself and one's role in society, psychologists advise writing out their positive, neutral and negative traits on a piece of paper and analyze.

Try to do this and you will find examples of character traits below.

Positive character traits (list)

Negative qualities of character (list)

At the same time, some qualities are difficult to attribute to good or bad, and you can’t call them neutral either. So, any mother wants her daughter to be shy, silent and shy, but is this good for the girl?

Again, a dreamy person can be cute, but completely unlucky due to the fact that he is always in the clouds. An assertive individual looks stubborn for some, unbearable and stubborn for others.

Is it bad to be gambling and carefree? How far has cunning gone from wisdom and resourcefulness? Ambitiousness, ambition, purposefulness lead to success or to loneliness? It will probably depend on the situation and context.

And what to be to you, you decide!

Features of behavior, communication, attitudes towards people, objects, work, things show the character traits that an individual possesses. According to their totality, an opinion about a person is determined. Such clichés as "the soul of the company", "bore", "pessimist", "cynic" are the result of an assessment of a person's character traits. Understanding how character is structured helps in building relationships. And this applies to both their own qualities and others.

Human character traits: classification

Types of character are determined by the prevailing traits, which in turn affect behavior and actions. They can be considered in the system of relations to work, other people, things, and oneself.

Work

• industriousness-laziness. This “duet” can be both a character trait and express an attitude towards a particular work. A constant feeling of laziness can also indicate that a person is simply not interested in the business he is busy with, but in something else, he will prove himself better. Laziness can be a sign of lack of motivation. But excessive diligence also takes on a degree of workaholism, which can also indicate problems in personal relationships, a lack of interests.
• Responsibility-irresponsibility. One of the most important qualities for an employee. A person who responsibly performs his duties, does not let his colleagues down, will be a valuable employee.
• good faith-bad faith. Doing duty and doing it well are not the same thing. It is important for management that diligence is expressed not only in the mechanical performance of actions, but brings results.
• Initiative-passivity. This quality is especially valuable for people who want to move up the career ladder. If an employee does not show initiative, does not generate ideas, hides behind the backs of colleagues, he will not develop in his profession.

Other people

• Closeness-sociability. It shows the openness of a person, his looseness, how easy it is for him to make acquaintances, how he feels in a new company, team.
• truthfulness-falsity. Pathological liars lie even in trifles, hide the truth, easily betray. There are people who embellish reality, most often they do it because reality seems boring or not bright enough to them.
• Independence-conformity. This quality shows how a person makes decisions. Whether he relies on his experience, knowledge, opinion, or follows someone's lead and it is easy to suppress him.
• Rudeness-politeness. Anger, inner feelings make a person cynical, rude. Such people are rude in lines public transport disrespectful to subordinates. Politeness, although it refers to positive character traits, can have a selfish background. It can also be an attempt to avoid confrontation.

Things

• neatness-slovenliness. Creative mess or meticulous cleanliness in the house can show how neat a person is. It can also be characterized by appearance. Sloppy people often arouse antipathy, and there are not always those who want to see a broad soul behind external absurdity.
• thrift-negligence. You can evaluate a person by his attitude to the accumulated property, borrowed items. Although this trait of a person ended up in the material group, it can also manifest itself in relation to people.
• greed-generosity. To be called generous, it is not necessary to be a philanthropist or give the last. At the same time, excessive generosity is sometimes a sign of irresponsibility or an attempt to "buy" someone else's favor. Greed is expressed not only in relation to other people, but also to oneself, when a person, out of fear of being left without money, saves even on trifles.

Self

• exactingness. When this personality trait is clearly expressed, two extremes appear. A person who is demanding of himself is often just as strict with others. He lives by the principle "I could, so others can." He may be intolerant of other people's weaknesses, not realizing that each person is individual. The second extreme is built on uncertainty. A person tortures himself, considering himself insufficiently perfect. A prime example can serve as anorexia, workaholism.
• Self-criticism. A person who knows how to criticize himself has a healthy self-esteem. Understanding, accepting and analyzing your achievements and defeats helps in shaping strong personality. When the balance is disturbed, either egocentrism or self-blame is observed.
• Modesty. It must be understood that modesty and shyness are different concepts. The first is based on the value system instilled during education. The second is a call to the development of complexes. AT normal condition modesty is manifested in moderation, calmness, knowledge of the measure in words, expression of emotions, financial spending, etc.
• Egoism and egocentrism. Similar concepts, but the feature here is egoism, but egocentrism is a way of thinking. Egoists think only of themselves, but use others for their own purposes. Egocentrics are often misanthropes and introverts who do not need others, who believe that no one is worthy of them.
• Self-esteem. Shows how a person feels internally. Outwardly, it is expressed in a high assessment of their rights and social value.

Personality assessment and types of characters

In addition to the main character traits that are formed in the system of relations, psychologists also distinguish other areas:

• Intellectual. Resourcefulness, curiosity, frivolity, practicality.
• Emotional. Passion, sentimentality, impressionability, irascibility, cheerfulness.
• Strong-willed. Courage, perseverance, determination.
• Moral. Fairness, compassion, kindness.

There are motivational traits-goals that drive a personality, determine its guidelines. As well as instrumental traits-methods, they show exactly what methods the desired will be achieved. So, for example, a girl may show masculine traits of character when she persistently and proactively seeks her lover.

Gordon Allport put forward a theory about what character traits are. The psychologist divided them into the following types:

• Dominant. They determine the behavior of the individual as a whole, regardless of the sphere, and at the same time influence other qualities or even overlap them. For example, kindness or greed.
• Ordinary. They are also expressed in all spheres of life. These include, for example, humanity.
• Minor. They do not particularly affect anything, often stemming from other traits. For example, diligence.

There are typical and individual personality traits. Typical ones are easy to group, noticing one of the dominant qualities or a few minor ones, you can “draw” a personal portrait as a whole, determine the type of character. This helps to predict actions, better understand a person. So, for example, if an individual has responsiveness, then most likely he will come to the rescue in a difficult situation, support, listen.

Personality: types of positive and negative traits

Personality is a balance of positive and negative qualities. In this regard, everything is conditional. For example, envy is considered a bad quality, but some psychologists argue that it can become an incentive to work on yourself or improve your life. The curvature of positive traits, on the contrary, can lead to their transformation into negative qualities. Persistence develops into obsession, initiative into self-centeredness.

It is necessary to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of character, they often have to be remembered when filling out a resume. They terrify many, because it can be difficult to evaluate oneself. Here's a little cheat sheet:

• Weak. Formality, irritability, shyness, impulsiveness, inability to remain silent or say "no".
• Strong. Perseverance, sociability, patience, punctuality, organization, determination.
• Negative. Pride, jealousy, vindictiveness, cruelty, parasitism.
• Positive. Kindness, sincerity, optimism, openness, peacefulness.

Character traits are formed in childhood, but at the same time they can change, transform depending on life circumstances. It's never too late to change what you don't like about yourself.

AT social life society and relationships.

Each person has special qualities and individual traits in character. It is impossible to find two absolutely identical men or women. The description of the character of people is built from their actions, which affect their whole life.

Character and dependence on physique

E. Kretschmer, a famous German psychologist, determined that the behavior of a person directly depends on her physique. He compiled a description of the examples fit into three main groups.

1. Asthenics are people with underdeveloped muscles, rather thin with a small chest. They have an elongated face and long limbs. The psychologist united all such people in the group of schizotimics. Often these are very stubborn people, it is difficult for them to adapt to changing conditions. environment. They are very withdrawn and tend to suffer from schizophrenia with severe mental disorders.
2. Picnics are people who tend to be overweight. They are characterized by a round face, short neck and small. These people fell into the typological group of cyclothymic character. These are sociable people, very emotional and prone to quick adaptation in unfamiliar conditions. When psychological disorders fall into depression.
3. Athletics - have an athletic build, large chest and high growth. Athletes Kretschmer related to iksotimiks - unemotional personalities, domineering and not loving change. A severe psychological disorder can easily lead to epilepsy.

Here is a description given by a German psychologist. Now boldly approach the mirror and draw conclusions whether this theory applies to you or not.

The influence of temperament on character

Temperament - the characteristic vital energy of a person, which establishes an attitude towards life. It is often difficult to find a person in whom only one temperamental indicator is pronounced. As a rule, people have mixed temperaments, but knowing them, one can easily make a description of a person’s character, examples are given below:

• Sanguine is a mobile person, who is characterized by regular mood swings. He reacts very quickly to all the events in his life. Failures and negative moments are perceived easily, without depression and frustration. Such a person has developed facial expressions, and he also completely devotes himself to work, if he is interested in it.
• Choleric is a very bright and excited person, who reacts vividly to life events. It can quickly get angry and at the same time feel a breakdown. Such a person quickly lights up with new ideas, but just as easily loses interest.
• A melancholic is a person who takes everything to heart. At the same time, he is very impressionable, it is easy to bring him to tears.
• Phlegmatic - a person who is stingy with emotions. The whole life of such a person is balanced and full of stability. Such people are valued in many firms, as they are distinguished by perseverance and high work capacity.

Formation of personality character

The description of the character of people was made by many psychologists. But when is this very character formed and can it be changed? Character is revealed in early age. By the age of five, the child has established character traits which are almost impossible to change.

In the lower grades, the opinion of parents and teachers remains a priority, but after 14 years there is a whole psychological explosion. A teenager clearly demonstrates his opinion about life, forming character. Clearly, the means influence the formation mass media. During this period, it is easy to impose the wrong political views and grow a supporter of some movement. By the age of 20 human personality formed, the turning point begins at 50 years. There is a rearrangement of priorities, the so-called wisdom appears.

Appearance and character of a person

And the character of a person is an important stylistic device for writers. This gives us a complete picture of the hero. We see its positive and negative features, a negative or positive character is formed.

Description of the nature of people is very important for solving serial crimes - experts start from the repetitive actions characteristic of a maniac. This creates an accurate portrait of the individual and even the possibility of predicting the actions of the offender.

If it's important to do detailed description person, character traits are a significant indicator. Especially in such areas as politics, journalism. You need to be able to characterize a person’s abilities by appearance, because a real character does not always appear immediately.

Everyone is aware that each of us has a different character, but not everyone uses this knowledge. This is completely in vain, because having knowledge of a person’s character in service, you can predict his behavior and correct it personally. Moreover, in order to understand the character, it is not at all necessary to communicate with a person for a long time, it is enough just to look at him carefully.

We assure you that you can see a lot!

Most people think that it is intelligence that makes a great scientist.
They are wrong - it's character.
Albert Einstein

Character as a personality trait

Character is a set of stable properties of the psyche that determine characteristics relationships and human behavior.

Speaking of character, they mean a complex of personality traits that significantly affects a person’s actions. Character is determined nervous system and its development by the environment.

There are 4 categories of character, which form:

• Attitude towards members of the team, society as a whole (responsiveness, respect for others; contempt, callousness);
  Features that demonstrate a person's attitude to his work (honesty, responsibility; laziness, passivity);
  Features that reflect the attitude of the individual to himself (self-criticism, pride, shyness, egocentrism).
  Features that demonstrate a person's attitude to the material (sloppiness, accuracy).

  Classification of a person's character according to E. Kretschmer

  Psychologist E. Kretschmer put forward a theory that character is directly related to the physique of a person. Kretschmer's theory describes 3 body types and 3 character types that correspond to them.

  WikiReference:
  Ernst Kretschmer (German: Ernst Kretschmer) (10/08/1888, Wüstenrot, near Heilbronn - 02/09/1964, Tübingen) - German psychiatrist and psychologist, creator of the typology of temperaments based on physique.

  Character properties

  There is another classification that provides for 4 main character properties: