A story about all the rare animals. The rarest animal in the world. Rare animals of Africa: White lion
Our huge planet includes a significant variety of living forms. And how many of them died out is difficult to calculate. Usually the attention is paid to beautiful animals. They are shown in the zoo and on TV, children love them, you can read about them in textbooks and find them in nature. But on Earth there are such creatures of nature that are very difficult to meet. These rare species are hidden from human eyes; many of us have never heard anything about them. And the information that reaches us says that these creatures are either on the verge of extinction or will disappear altogether in the near future. Who are they, the rarest animals on the planet?
Baiji river dolphin. This river mammal lives only in the Yangtze, which is why it received its nickname. Many people confuse this dolphin with the Chinese white, but in fact it is different types. Today, Baiji is officially considered to have died two years ago. The rapid industrialization of China led to the extinction of the rare species. In 2006, researchers tried to find at least one such dolphin in the river, but they were unsuccessful. But the next year, a Chinese photographer was able to capture the beautiful animal. No one can say how many dolphins are alive. If they did not become extinct, then there are no more than 13 individuals left.
Pinta Island turtle. There was a unique population on Pinta Island Galapagos tortoises. We can safely say that this species is dead. Unless scientists can resort to full-fledged cloning and pass on the genes of the last surviving turtle to its offspring. Now admire huge turtles maybe just in the photo. The last surviving member of this species is named Lonesome George. This turtle is more than 100 years old, it has become a kind of living symbol of the struggle for the preservation of Galapagos Islands. Finding a female for George is so important that a reward of 10 thousand dollars has been announced for this. However, the search has been going on for several years and has not yet produced any results. So Lonely George will most likely remain lonely, and his unique and ancient family Galapagos tortoises from Pinta Island.
Golden Tiger. Today this unique look can only be found in captivity. acquired a golden color due to a recessive gene. People first encountered such a tiger at the beginning of the 20th century. At first, the unusual color was explained by the fact that it developed in a small group of animals. They lived on land with a high clay content, and the golden color helped with hunting. But this theory remained unproven. Scientists have found that in conditions of keeping a small group in captivity, the appearance of such a color could occur. Carriers of the recessive gene for golden color had to be crossed with their offspring, which happened in captivity. This tiger is native to Bengal and is a close relative of the Amur variety. Like white tigers, these creatures are genetically contaminated with Amur genes. white tiger Tony. He is generally the common ancestor of all white tigers in North America. A common mistake is that golden tigers were created by crossing Siberian tigers with Bengal tigers. In total, today there are about 30 animals with this color in captivity in various zoos around the world.
Rhinoceros Javan. Today, only five species of rhinoceroses remain. Among them, Javan stands out for its rarity. It is a close relative of the Indian one, but is much smaller in size. The Javan species was once widespread in South-East Asia . But man's mindless hunt for this animal has brought the species to the brink of extinction. Today, fewer than 60 individuals remain on the island of Java. Interestingly, it is difficult for humans to maintain a population. After all, jawans die in captivity, which means it will not be possible to artificially increase their numbers. By appearance big damage
caused by the Vietnam War. Since then, the number of rhinoceros has been constantly decreasing. Seychelles white-tailed bat. As the name suggests, these rare the bats live on Seychelles
, which lie just north of Madagascar. The population of these winged mammals was once quite large, but human changes to their natural environment have had a noticeable impact on the mice. Today there are only about a hundred individuals left, and this number is constantly decreasing. Northern hairy-nosed wombat. This animal is very cute, however, its funny appearance did not save it from extinction. This is the most for today, which is facing imminent extinction. The northern wombat is about a meter long. His nose is actually covered with fur. This fur is brown or white in color, and it is very soft to the touch. The nose itself is short and resembles a pig's snout. The wombat's fur is short, thin and silky. It is much softer than that of ordinary wombats. And the undercoat is very well developed. These qualities were the reason for man's constant hunting of the poor animal. The hairy-nosed animal lives in just two colonies in the northern United States. And the size of the entire population is only 130 individuals.
Red Wolf. The gray wolf has its own unusual close relative - the red wolf. True, it has been considered extinct since 1980. But the man managed to preserve 20 individuals in captivity. Since then, the predator's population has increased to 207 wolves. When red wolves were released into the wild in a pack, they were able to successfully take root there. Now about 100 of these predators live in nature. Hunting them is strictly prohibited. This species differs from ordinary wolves in its color, fluffy fur and a longer tail that almost touches the ground. The red wolf lives in Asia from the Tien Shan and Altai to China, India and Malaysia. This animal prefers to live in the mountains, rising to heights of up to 4000 meters.
Shrews of Sao Tome. These animals are also known as shrews. They live on the island of Sao Tome and have almost completely disappeared. And in this case, people are to blame. They have changed the natural living conditions of animals so much that they simply have nowhere to go. Shrews are about 9 centimeters long, have small tummies and white teeth. Their population is declining so rapidly that, according to scientists, in 10 years there will be no such shrews left on the planet at all. Another reason for the disappearance of shrews is rats, monkeys and feral pigs brought to the island by humans.
Okapi. What exactly is an okapi? Giraffe? Zebra? Or their crossbreed zerafom? In fact, this species is one of a kind. The animal is quite ancient; it was mentioned in the writings of the ancient Egyptians. A hundred years ago in Europe and Africa there was a legend about a mysterious African unicorn. Today the accepted version is that okapi was mistaken for this animal. Its physique is more similar to that of a horse, especially since its limbs are colored with stripes, like those of a zebra. Animal fur Brown with reddish tints. At the same time, the legs and neck are long, but not as long as those of a giraffe. Okapi are found only in the territory of one state - Democratic Republic Congo. They live in dense tropical forests. It is unknown to accurately calculate the number of okapi, because they are quite timid and shy away from humans. However, deforestation and Civil War The country has brought the species to the brink of extinction. It is believed that there are between 10 and 20 thousand animals left in the wild.
Tarsiers. Tarsiers can be found on the islands of Southeast Asia. The population is distributed in Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia and the Philippines. However, one should not assume that these small primates are found in large quantities . The bulk of them are concentrated in Borneo, and in other places they are concentrated in scanty quantities. The height of these rare primates is only from 9 to 16 centimeters. Moreover, their hind legs are twice as long as their body. Tarsiers have unique eyes that are the size of their brains. Interestingly, these babies are carnivores. They kill small birds, insects, lizards, bats
and snakes. Small animals are very jumpy. They quickly pounce on their prey and bite through its skull with sharp teeth. Tarsiers live in dense foliage, going out to hunt at night. But the tarsier population is in extremely poor condition. Humans can have little influence on this situation, since tarsiers do not reproduce in captivity.
Every day, reading a poem, a story, a fairy tale, showing pictures, the mother introduces the child to the diverse animal world! This is an elephant - it is big, and the tallest is a giraffe, a very beautiful bird, a parrot, can learn up to a hundred words. To stories about animals have become more diverse and interesting, so that a child can not only distinguish a panther from a domestic cat, but also make up interesting stories about the unusual capabilities of animals and thereby amaze peers and teachers, the administration of the “Your Child” website will introduce you to the animals of our planet for several months. Will be published every week new topic series of stories "Interesting about animals". The articles will be published interesting information about the animal world,.
interesting facts about animals
/ Animals of the Arctic
ARCTIC ICE own body. For example, the body of penguins under their plumage is thickly covered with warm down, and the skin of polar bears is very thick and waterproof. In addition, all polar animals have a dense layer of fat under their skin.
Life for animals in Antarctica is possible only on the coast. The interior of the continent is uninhabited.
At the end of autumn, a female polar bear digs a den in the snow. In December - January, as a rule, two bear cubs are born, but only in the spring will they leave the den for the first time.
A polar bear cub is born very small, blind, deaf and completely defenseless. Therefore, he lives with his mother for two years. The skin of this bear is very dense, waterproof and absolutely white, thanks to which he easily finds refuge among the whiteness of the ice surrounding him. He swims remarkably well - this is facilitated by the membrane that connects the pads of his paws. The polar bear is the most large predator in the world.
A polar bear usually weighs between 150 and 500 kilograms. The mass of some representatives exceeds 700 kilograms.
Pinnipeds.
On cold ground and endless ice floes drifting in the Arctic, live different kinds pinnipeds; these include fur seals, seals and walruses. By origin, these are terrestrial animals that have mastered the marine environment: in the course of evolution, their body has adapted to life in water. Unlike cetaceans, pinnipeds were only partially modified by this adaptation. This is how the front paws of fur seals turned into flippers, on which they can lean on land to lift top part torso; seals learned to move on the ground by crawling on their bellies.
Pinnipeds have huge nostrils, and a short time they can inhale the amount of air needed to stay underwater for about 10 minutes.
Pinnipeds feed not only on fish, but also on crustaceans, mollusks and krill, which consists of tiny shrimp.
Fur seal look like sea lion, but it has a thicker skin and a shorter and sharper muzzle. The male is much larger than the female and can weigh four times as much.
Sea Elephant. Most close-up view pinnipeds in the world: the weight of a male can reach 3500 kilograms. It is easily distinguished from the female by the swelling on its head, similar to a short trunk, from which it gets its name.Sea leopard. With its spotted skin, this seal resembles the predator of the cat family, from which it borrowed its name. The leopard seal is very aggressive and can sometimes even eat a fellow seal if it is smaller.
Walrus.
This long-tusked mammal lives in the Arctic seas, making short seasonal migrations. A male walrus is huge: it can weigh 1,500 kilograms, while a female's weight rarely reaches 1,000 kilograms. The walrus has a massive, wrinkled body covered with sparse bristles.
The strong voice of the walrus resembles both the roar of a lion and the lowing of a bull; while sleeping, on ice or in water, he snores loudly. He can relax for hours, lounging in the sun. The walrus is irritable and obstinate, but he will not hesitate to come to the aid of his brother, who is being attacked by hunters.
Long tusks are indispensable in the life of a walrus: he uses them to defend himself from enemies and to drill into the seabed; With the help of tusks, the walrus climbs onto the shore and moves along the ice floe or ground. The length of the fangs of larger representatives reaches one meter!
Little walruses are nursed by their mother for two years, and for the next two years they remain under her protection.
Under the skin of the walrus there is a thick layer of fat, which serves as both protection from the cold and a reserve reserve in case of hunger.
Penguins.
Penguins- these are birds, but their wings are not suitable for flight: they are too short. With the help of wings, penguins swim, like fish with the help of fins. Penguins are found only in southern hemisphere. They live in large colonies on land, but some species can make long migrations in the open sea.As a rule, penguins lay only one egg. Baby penguins find refuge from the cold in the lower folds of their parent's abdomen. The plumage of penguin chicks is usually dark brown; over time, they acquire the characteristic black and white coloration of adults.
In the colonies emperor penguin sometimes there are 300 thousand individuals.
/ Interesting Facts about animals of savannas and prairies
Among the grasses of the savannah. In the savannah there are periods of drought when there is a shortage of food. Then numerous herds of animals go in search of more favorable conditions. These migrations can last for weeks, and only the hardiest animals manage to reach their goal. The weaker ones are doomed to die.
The savannah climate favors the growth of tall and lush grass. Trees, on the contrary, are rare here.
Baobab not so much tall tree, however, the diameter of its trunk can reach 8 meters.
Buffalo.
African buffalo Along with the hippopotamus, it is considered one of the most dangerous animals in Africa. Indeed, if a buffalo is wounded or feels danger to itself or its cubs, it does not hesitate to attack the aggressor and kill him with its powerful horns. Even the lion tries to avoid meeting him, as he is not sure of the outcome of the battle. Therefore, only buffaloes that have strayed from the herd, or old and sick animals that are unable to defend themselves, are attacked by predators.
Zebra.
The zebra skin is original and easily recognizable. At first glance, all zebras seem the same, but in fact, each animal has its own stripe pattern, like human fingerprints. Countless attempts have been made to domesticate zebras (domesticate them like horses), but they always end in failure. The zebra does not tolerate riders or other loads on its rump. She is very shy and difficult to approach even in nature reserves.
Zebras lack horns and other means of defense and flee from predators. Once surrounded, they defend themselves with their teeth and hooves.
How to spot predators? Zebras' vision is not very sharp, so they often graze next to other animals, such as giraffes or ostriches, which are able to notice the approach of predators earlier.
A pursued zebra can travel at speeds of 80 kilometers per hour, but not for long.
The stripes on a zebra's skin can be used to identify different types of zebra. The stripes on the croup are especially significant in this sense.
Leo prefers open spaces where he finds coolness in the shade rare trees. For hunting, it is better to have a wide view in order to notice herds of grazing herbivores from afar and develop a strategy on how best to approach them unnoticed. Outwardly, it is a lazy beast that dozes and sits around for a long time. Only when the lion is hungry and forced to pursue herds of herbivores or when he must defend his territory does he emerge from his stupor.
Lions do not hunt alone, unlike cheetahs and tigers. As a result, all members of the lion family live together for a long time and the grown lion cubs are not expelled from it, unless the conditions in the hunting territory become critical.
Usually a group of females goes hunting, but males rarely join them. The hunters surround the victim, hiding in tall grass. When the animal notices the danger, it panics and tries to escape at a gallop, but most often falls into the clutches of other hidden lionesses that it has not noticed.
Feature lions - males have a thick mane, which other representatives of the cat family do not have.
A lioness usually gives birth to two cubs. To become adults, they need about two years - all this time they adopt the experience of their parents.
A lion's claws can reach 7 cm.
Giraffe.
In an effort to survive, all animals have evolved to provide their species with sufficient food. The giraffe can feed on tree leaves that other herbivores cannot reach: thanks to its six-meter height, it is taller than all other animals. A giraffe can take food from the ground, as well as drink water, but to do this, it must spread its front legs wide apart in order to bend over. In this position, he is very vulnerable to predators, because he cannot immediately rush to flight.
The giraffe has a very long, thin and soft tongue, adapted for plucking acacia leaves. The lips, especially the upper ones, also serve this purpose. The giraffe picks off leaves growing at a height of two to six meters.
The most favorite food of giraffes is tree leaves, especially acacia; its thorns apparently do not bother the animal.
Giraffes live in herds, divided into two groups: one contains females with cubs, the other contains males. To win the right to become leaders of the herd, males fight by striking their heads with their necks.
When running, the giraffe is not very fast or agile. When running away from an enemy, he can only count on a speed of 50 kilometers per hour.
Cheetah.
The cheetah's "secret weapon" is its flexible body with a strong spine, curved like the arch of a bridge, and powerful clawed paws that allow it to rest firmly on the ground. This is the fastest animal African savannah. No one can imagine an animal running faster than a cheetah. In short moments, he reaches speeds of over 100 kilometers per hour, and if he didn’t get tired quickly, he would be the most a terrible predator Africa.
The cheetah prefers to live in small groups of two to eight to nine individuals. Typically such a group consists of one family.
Unlike other members of the cat family, the cheetah's claws never retract, just like dogs. This feature allows the animal not to slip on the ground when running; only the claw does not touch the ground thumb.
The cheetah climbs trees and surveys the savannah from above to discover herds of grazing herbivores that could become its prey.
The skin of a cheetah is not always covered with spots; sometimes they merge, forming stripes, like the king cheetah.
A long tail serves as a steering wheel - they can quickly change the direction of running, which is sometimes necessary when pursuing a victim.
Elephant.
The African elephant was threatened with extinction both because of hunting, to which it became a victim at the beginning of the 20th century, since there was a great demand for ivory products (from tusks), and because of important changes made by man in its habitat. Now elephants live mainly in giant national parks, where they are studied by zoologists and protected by security guards. Unfortunately, this is not enough to stop elephants from being killed by poachers. The situation is different with the Indian elephant, which has never been in danger because man has used it for centuries to various works.
The African elephant is different from the Indian elephant. It is larger, its ears are larger, and its tusks are much longer. In Southeast Asia, elephants are domesticated and used for various jobs. African elephants They cannot be tamed due to their more independent nature.
Like the giraffe, the elephant prefers to eat tree leaves, which it plucks from the branches with its trunk. It happens that he knocks down an entire tree to the ground to get food.
Tusks and trunks are two of the elephants' miraculous survival tools. The elephant uses its tusks to protect itself from predators and uses them during periods of drought to dig up the ground in search of water. With a very mobile trunk, it picks off leaves and collects water, which it then puts into its mouth. The elephant loves water very much and, at the first opportunity, climbs into a pond to freshen up. He swims great.
The elephant willingly hides in the shadows because it huge body hard to cool. Its huge ears serve this purpose, with which it rhythmically fans itself to cool itself.
Just as children hold their mother’s hand, so baby elephants walk holding the elephant’s tail with their proboscis.
Ostrich.
Natural environment, in which the ostrich lives, determined the final adaptability of this bird, the largest of all: the ostrich’s mass exceeds 130 kilograms. Long neck increases the ostrich's height to two meters. A flexible neck and excellent vision allow him to notice danger from afar from this height. The long legs give the ostrich the ability to run at speeds of up to 70 kilometers per hour, usually fast enough to escape predators.
The ostrich prefers open spaces where it can see everything from afar and there are no obstacles for running.
Ostriches do not live alone, but in groups of varying numbers. While the birds are looking for food, at least one stands guard and looks around the area to spot enemies, primarily cheetahs and lions.
Ostrich eyes are surrounded long eyelashes, which protect them both from the African sun and from dust raised by the wind.
Ostriches build a nest in a small depression, digging it into sandy soil and covering it with something soft. The female incubates the eggs during the day because her gray color blends well with environment; the male, with predominantly black feathers, incubates at night.
Females lay from three to eight eggs in a common nest, and each of them takes turns incubating the eggs in turn. One egg weighs more than one and a half kilograms and has a very strong shell. Sometimes it takes a baby ostrich a whole day to break the shell and hatch from the egg.
The ostrich's beak is short, flat and very strong. It is not specialized for any special food, but serves to pluck grass and other vegetation and grab insects, small mammals and snakes.
Rhinoceros.
This huge pachyderm lives in both Africa and South and Southeast Asia. There are two species of rhinoceroses in Africa, distinct from the Asian ones. African rhinoceroses have two horns and are adapted to habitats characterized by large spaces with very few trees. The Asian rhinoceros has only one horn and prefers to live in forest thickets. These animals are on the verge of extinction because they are ruthlessly hunted by poachers for their horns, which are in high demand in some countries.
Despite its mass, the African rhinoceros is very mobile and can make sharp turns while running.
A female rhinoceros usually gives birth to one calf every two to four years. The baby stays with his mother for a long time, even when he grows up and becomes independent. Within an hour, a newborn calf can follow its mother on its own legs; moreover, it usually walks either in front of her or on the side. It feeds on mother's milk for a year, and during this time its weight increases from 50 to 300 kilograms.
Male rhinoceroses, like many other animals, fight for the right to become the leader. At the same time, they use the horn as a stick, that is, they hit with the side, and not with the tip. It may happen that during a single combat the horn breaks, but then it grows back, albeit very slowly.
A rhinoceros's eyesight is poor; it sees only close up, like a nearsighted person. But he has the finest sense of smell and hearing; he can smell food or an enemy from afar.
Ro / Interesting facts about jungle animals and tropical forests
In the Amazon forest.
Rainforests characterized by lush vegetation; under trees with tall trunks, despite the fact that their crowns let in little light, a dense undergrowth grows. It reigns high humidity- precipitation here is frequent and favors the development of plants of any type. Such an environment is almost ideal for supporting the life of countless animals that find food there in abundance. Naturally, this environment is especially favorable for small and medium-sized animals, which, even more often, can move with dexterity.
Pelican.
This bizarre bird with a distinctive beak is found on all continents and, depending on its habitat, has slight differences in shape and size. The most typical environment her habitat - sea coasts and lakes. It feeds on aquatic animals, mainly fish. These birds fish in a special way at low tide. They gather in groups and beat the water together with their wings, scaring the fish and forcing it to swim towards the shore, where it is clearly visible and its maneuverability is difficult. The fish become easy prey for the pelicans; they fill their beaks with it, on the lower part of which there are expandable throat sacs. The prey is taken to the nest and calmly eaten there.
Pelican- Very big bird, reaches a length of 1.8 meters, and its wingspan is up to 3 meters. In search of food they are able to dive to depths.Pelicans- birds are social, live in numerous colonies, get food together and build nests.
American white pelican most lives in the southern part of the United States of America, Mexico and Central America. During the breeding season, birds living in more northern areas move to the south, where the climate is milder and more favorable for the development of chicks. The plumage of pelicans is almost completely white, with only light yellow spots on the chest and wings.
The pelican's nest is a bulky structure made of reeds, dead wood and feathers. When adult birds bring food to the nest for their chicks, they pull it out of the parents’ throats with their beaks, already half-digested, which makes it easier for them to digest the food.
The female lays two or three bluish or yellowish eggs and incubates them for about 30 days. The chicks are born completely naked. The plumage grows over the next 10 days. The female is slightly smaller in size than the male.
Sloths so named for the extreme slowness of their movements, reminiscent of movements in slow motion filming. The constantly wet skin of sloths serves as a breeding ground for microscopic algae, which is why the animals' fur acquires a greenish tint, making them almost invisible among the foliage.Jaguar.
An animal similar to a leopard, but larger; It is also distinguished by a special pattern on the skin: ring-shaped dark spots, inside of which there are smaller specks. Jaguars hunt alone and mainly on the ground, although they crawl well in trees and swim. Having caught prey, the predator usually hides it somewhere in a secret place and then eats it piece by piece.
Jaguars give birth to two or three young. Like all predators, they teach their growing babies to hunt.
Tapir.
The most common South American species is land tapir, lives near bodies of water. He swims well and can cross quite wide rivers; sometimes tapirs even dive to get the stems aquatic plants, serving them as food.
In dense foliage Amazonian forests lives a wide variety of wild birds. The red-brown hoatzin and the crested serima, whose legs are better suited for running than wings for flight, stroll here. Quezal builds a nest inside a termite mound and the termites do not cause him any disturbance. The eagle owl, a nocturnal predator with a long crest on its head, lives in the most impassable places, and therefore ornithologists have not yet been able to figure out its habits.
This tiny bird(size from 5.7 to 21.6 cm; weight from 1.6 to 20 g.) with a long curved beak is capable of flapping its wings so often that it manages to hang almost motionless in the air, sucking nectar from a flower. This is the only bird in the world that can fly backwards.
Swordbeak Hummingbird. When fluttering, this bird makes more than 50 wing beats per second. So it can freeze motionless in the air or fly at speeds of up to 100 kilometers per hour. The swordbill's beak is very long and straight, whereas other hummingbirds have a curved beak.
g rhinoceros can reach a length of 1.5 meters.
The publication “Red Book of Russia” announced its existence in 2001. This collection contains a considerable number of rare animals, their photographs and brief data.
The purpose of this publication is to attract public attention to the problem of protecting endangered animals and birds. Below is some interesting information about some of them.
It is this “lucky one” that has the largest horns. He is one of a kind.
This is the largest representative of the feline genus, which “chose” white snow and low temperature air. The hunting process in such conditions is quite complex. It is not easy for the tiger, however, he carries out tracking of deer and wild boars. This animal is the “pearl” of Russia. Incredibly unique! The species is quite rare and is distinguished by its expressive beauty: the belly has a five-centimeter layer of fat. Thanks to it, the animal is well protected from cold environmental conditions. Today, its population is growing in number.
The habitat of this representative is the waters of the Barents and Kara seas. The maximum size that the presented individual can reach is 4 meters. Its weight is also considerable - one and a half tons. There were times when this species practically disappeared. However, with the help of specialists, this individual has a slight increase in popularity.
This individual reaches a length of 3 meters and weighs one ton. This eared seal lives in Kamchatka and Alaska.
A distinctive feature from other representatives of its genus is its black sides and fins. Having arrived to the shores of the Baltic Sea, you can confidently wait to meet this “handsome guy”.
(Amur)
The species is at serious risk of complete extinction. Habitat: Primorsky Krai. Representatives of this species are also found in northeast China (in small numbers). In China, special attention is paid to the problem of protecting this species from extinction. The highest penalty for killing an individual is death. The reason for the extinction of these animals is high percent poaching.
It is rightfully considered the most major representative"bear family" In size it surpasses even the well-known grizzly bear.
A bright individual. It has an interesting swimming style: it arches its back. It got its name for this feature.
In appearance the animal is similar to a fox. Because of its beautiful fiery red fur, hunters shot wolves, so now the population of the predator has sharply declined. IN this moment rare flocks consisting of 12-15 individuals can be found on Far East.
The fox of this species is small in size: body length is up to 60 cm. In summer, the animal’s fur is short and gray in color, and in winter it becomes thicker and longer, acquiring a light gray tint. The animal lives in semi-desert and steppe.
Animals of this species are under threat because people kill them for their snow-white fur, from which they sew clothes. Individuals of the blue fox live on the coast of the Bering Sea.
Snow leopards live in Central Asia, and in Russia these animals are considered rare species. Due to the fact that they live in hard-to-reach places and harsh climatic conditions, the population has not yet been completely destroyed.
This wild cat with beautiful long hair. He lives in Transbaikalia and Altai. The animal population has decreased significantly due to human hunting.
This is the largest representative of the lynx genus, and an adult weighs about 20 kg. The animal's fur is very beautiful, and in winter it becomes soft and thick. The animal lives in dense forests and does not really like migration.
IN wildlife There are about 10 representatives of this species, and 23 individuals in zoos. Asiatic cheetahs live in the valley of the Syrdarya River.
In the territory Gorny Altai These light-footed antelopes are found. They live in natural area deserts and steppes, have a yellowish-ocher color and long horns.
There are about 700 individuals of the Amur goral left in Russia, which move in groups of 7-8 individuals. In particular, they live in the Primorsky Territory.
Previously, bison lived in the forest-steppe, and the population numbered several thousand individuals. Now they are found in nature reserves; several dozen of these animals have survived.
This animal has fur that varies seasonally from light brown in winter to brown in summer. Both males and females have huge horns. Deer live in northern latitudes- in Karelia, Chukotka.
Other animals of the Red Book
This is a primitive type of horse that has retained the features and wild horse, and a donkey. There are about 2 thousand individuals in the world. In Russia they live in nature reserves.
The animal looks like a donkey, but has much in common with a horse. A representative of this species lives in the wild in semi-desert and steppe.
This insectivorous animal lives in Central Russia, weighs about 0.5 kg, and body length is 20 cm. The representative is relict species, since it has existed for about 30-40 million years, but may disappear from the face of the earth, therefore it is now under state protection.
The rodent is small in size - about 15 cm. The head and back of the animal have brown-brown fur, and white fur on the belly and cheeks. The garden dormouse lives in spruce and beech forests.
The small animal is found in Russia in the region Western Siberia And Ural mountains, lives on the banks of reservoirs.
The seal is small in size, and an adult grows up to 1.5 m, has light gray fur, and has well-developed sensory organs. Found in the Baltic Sea and Lake Ladoga.
The marine cetacean is found in the waters of Kamchatka and the Far East. Adults grow up to 8 meters in length and weigh 2-3 tons.
Today, due to the extremely aggressive anthropogenization of our planet, as well as the fact that nature is suffering more and more from the results of human activity, littering it with various man-made wastes, and often simply their frivolous attitude towards flora and fauna, many species of animals, from time immemorial, living in various territories of Russia, found themselves on the verge of extinction.
In order to stop this process at least a little and teach people to take care of the wildlife around them, the Red Book of Russia was created. It includes not only animals, the number of which, due to their destruction by humans, is sometimes only a couple of dozen individuals, but also plants, insects, birds, mushrooms...
Animals from the Red Book of Russia
Below are the animals listed in the Red Book of Russia, which should be treated with special attention and frugality.
Body length up to 1 meter, weight from 12 to 21 kg, externally resembles a fox, which is why it suffered. Would-be hunters, not particularly versed in the intricacies of zoology, subjected this species to mass shooting. Basically, the mountain wolf attracted people with its beautiful fluffy fur, bright red color and distinctive “zest” - the tip of the tail, which, unlike a fox, was black. The red wolf lives in the Far East, China and Mongolia, prefers to move in small packs - from 8 to 15 individuals.
A three-meter long Pacific eared seal, habitat: the Kuril and Commander Islands, Kamchatka and Alaska. The body length of an adult male sea lion can reach three meters, and its weight can reach one ton!
The Amur (Ussuri) tiger is a rare subspecies of felines that has survived on the territory of our country. It is known that on the coastal ridge of Sikhote-Alin there is still the smallest population of these wild cats. Amur tigers can reach two meters in length. Their tail is also long - up to one meter.
Taimen is included in the Red Book of Russia and is especially protected in several regions of the Russian Federation. According to the IUCN, populations of common taimen have been extirpated or significantly reduced in 39 of 57 river basins: only a few populations living in remote areas are considered stable.
Musk deer is a cloven-hoofed animal that looks like a deer, but unlike it, does not have horns. But the musk deer has another means of defense - fangs growing on the upper jaw of the animal, because of which this essentially harmless creature was even considered a vampire, blood drinkers other animals.
Forest dormouse is officially listed in the Red Book of some regions Russian Federation. These are Kursk, Oryol, Tambov and Lipetsk region. On international level this species is protected by the Vienna Convention. It is also listed on the IUCN Red List.
The Far Eastern leopard is an intelligent animal, listed in the Red Book, which will never attack a person. But does our man think so? No! Poachers still, despite the bans, continue to exterminate these animals, and not only them. The leopard's main food, roe deer and sika deer, is also being destroyed en masse. In addition, for the sake of the construction of new highways and households, entire forests are destroyed, as well as animals and all vegetation.
A short-headed dolphin with black sides and fins, a body length of about three meters. A small beak up to 5 cm makes them cute and unusual. In Russian waters, the white-faced dolphin lives only in the Barents and Baltic seas.
Another predator listed in the Red Book of Russia. Habitat snow leopard— mountainous regions of Central Asia. It is precisely because of living in a hard-to-reach and harsh environment that this animal has still retained its registration in the list of animals existing on our planet, although they are already rare.
Argali is by far the largest representative belonging to the category of wild sheep. The Latin species name ammon traces the name of the god Amon.
Amur goral
A subspecies of mountain goat, it lives in the Primorsky Territory; representatives of this species stay together in small groups - from 6 to 8 individuals. The number of this species in Russia is small - approximately 700 individuals. A species similar to the Amur goral is found on the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas.
At the beginning of the last century, the sika deer almost disappeared from the face of the earth. They killed him for delicious meat, original skin, but especially because of the young velvety horns (antlers), on the basis of which miraculous potions were made.
Over a large part of the range Far Eastern turtle is pretty normal look, but in Russia it is a reptile - rare view, the total number of which is rapidly declining.
A subspecies of the wild Asian donkey, at the moment it is practically not found in nature. Some individuals were recorded in Central Asia and in the Middle East. To restore the population of the species, one of the reserves in Turkmenistan was forced to take up artificial breeding these animals.
A wild cat with very fluffy and long hair - there are up to 9,000 hairs per square centimeter of the body! Found in Tyva, the Altai Republic and Transbaikalia.
Asiatic cheetah
Previously, it lived on a vast territory from the Arabian Sea to the valley of the Syr Darya River, now the number of this species in nature is about 10 individuals, and in zoos around the world - only 23.
Its habitat is the Barents and Kara Seas. The body length of an adult walrus reaches up to 4 meters, and its weight reaches up to one and a half tons. By the middle of the twentieth century, it was almost completely exterminated; now, thanks to the efforts of ecologists, there is a slow growth of the population, but no one can say the exact number of the species, since it is very, very difficult to get to the rookeries of these animals without special equipment and icebreakers.
Dzeren
A small, slender, light-footed antelope. The height of males is up to 85 cm and weight about 40 kg, black hollow horns, yellowish-ocher fur color. Females reach a height of up to 75 cm and a weight of up to 30 kg. These antelopes are typical inhabitants of steppes and deserts; they used to be found in the south of the Altai Mountains, but were forced out from there due to the active settlement of these places by people.
The Central Asian leopard, also known as the Caucasian leopard ( Panthera pardus ciscaucasica), refers to predatory mammals from the Feline family. This subspecies of leopard lives mainly in western Asia and is a striking, but very rare representative of the Panther genus.
These are just a few of the inhabitants natural communities, whose existence is under threat.
Video: Red Book of Russia
Animals are protected all over the world
Many other species of endangered animals are listed in the Red Book. However, animal protection is carried out not only on the territory of the Russian Federation, but throughout. Below are individuals that are protected in other countries.
The lion has always been the king of animals, even in ancient times this animal was idolized. For the ancient Egyptians, the lion acted as a sentry creature guarding the entrance to the other world. For the ancient Egyptians, the god of fertility Aker was depicted with lion's mane. IN modern world, on many state emblems the king of beasts is depicted.
Loriids belong to a fairly large family of primates. These arboreal inhabitants are relatives of the galagidae family, and together form the infra-order Lorisiformes.
The blue macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) is a feathered representative of the parrot family, as well as the only species of the genus Blue Macaws from the order Psittacidae.
The Bengal tiger (lat. Panthera tigris tigris or Panthera tigris bengalensis) is a subspecies of tiger belonging to the order Carnivora, the Feline family and the Panther genus. Bengal tigers are the national animal of historical Bengal or Bangladesh, as well as China and India and are listed in the Red Book.
Few people know that the leatherback turtle (lut) appears on all official papers of the maritime department belonging to the Republic of Fiji. For residents of the archipelago sea turtle represents speed and excellent navigation skills.
Brown bear
Brown or common bear, is a predatory mammal from the bear family. This is one of the largest and most dangerous species of land predators.
Steppe Harrier ( Circus macrourus) - endangered species, migratory predatory bird, belonging to the family Accipitridae and the order Accipitridae.
The largest sea turtles are very beautiful in natural environment when grazing in coastal waters in dense algae or cutting water surface powerful front paws equipped with flippers.
The olive ridley turtle, also called the olive ridley, is a small sea turtle that is now under protection due to the threat of extinction due to extermination by humans and the influence of natural threats.
IN South America lives one unique animal called maned wolf(guara). It has both the features of a wolf and a fox and is a relict animal. Guara has unusual appearance: graceful, atypical for a wolf, physique, long legs, sharp muzzle and rather large ears.
Spectacled bear ( Tremarctos ornatus), also well known as the Andean bear, is a currently quite rare predatory mammal belonging to the bear family and the genus Spectacled bears.