The coldest inhabited place in the world: Oymyakon. The coldest and hottest places on earth Where is the coldest place on earth right now?

In winter, when getting ready for work in the morning, people dread the moment of going outside. It seems that colder place than the city outside the window does not exist. In fact, this is far from the case, and somewhere at the moment it is really frosty. Of course, everything can be learned by comparison, and everyone’s feelings of heat and cold are quite different, because someone puts on all their warm clothes at -10 degrees, and someone walks around in thin leather jacket. But there are real cold poles on the planet, where no one will remain indifferent to the weather.

Where is the coldest place on the planet?

The coldest point on earth is called the “pole”. A pole is a specific area of ​​the earth where the lowest temperature has been observed. Even entire regions where minimum temperatures were recorded can be considered poles of cold. Currently, there are several such points on our planet.

We can definitely say that now there are two regions that are recognized as the coldest. Their names are known to everyone: these are the South and North Poles.

North Pole

In the Northern Hemisphere, these points are located in populated areas. The lowest rate is achieved in the city of Verkhoyansk, which is located in Russia, the Republic of Yakutia. The record temperature here dropped to -67.8 degrees; it was recorded at the end of the 19th century.

The second cold pole is the village of Oymyakon. It is also located in Yakutia. The lowest temperature in Oymyakon was -67.7 degrees.

The most interesting thing is that these settlements periodically try to challenge which of them truly deserves the status of the North Pole. But if we ignore the controversy, we must admit that these are indeed the coldest cities in the world.

South Pole

Now it's time to talk about Here, too, there are record holders. One of them is a Russian station called Vostok, which is located in Antarctica. This is practically the location of this station determines a lot. Here the temperature sometimes drops to -89.2 degrees. It is not surprising that this is the coldest point on Earth, because the thickness of the ice under the station is 3,700 meters. However, in last years an even more astonishing number was found, which is -92 degrees.

Rating of the coldest places

In addition to the poles of cold, there are quite a few regions with a harsh climate. There is far more than one coldest point on Earth, so other objects cannot be ignored. To clarify this issue, a list of the TOP 10 coldest places on Earth was compiled. His results showed the following:

1. Station "Plateau" (East Antarctica).
2. Station "Vostok" (Antarctica).
3. Verkhoyansk (Russia).
4. Oymyakon (Russia).
5. Northais (Greenland).
6. Ismitte (Greenland).
7. Prospect Creek (Alaska).
8. Fort Selkirk (Canada).
9. Roger Pass (USA).
10. Snow (Canada).

Where on the planet is it really hot?

People are always interested in where the coldest and hottest places on Earth are. This interest does not always come only from curiosity; many want to visit these places, because such a trip will not only be educational, but will also leave impressions for a lifetime. However, not everyone can withstand such a trip, since in some places the conditions are truly extreme. have already been discussed, now it’s worth paying attention to their opposites.

Of course, Africa is the leader in the number of hot days and high temperatures. There are several places to highlight here. The first of them is the city of Kebili, located in Tunisia. It’s really hard to be here; the mercury can rise to a serious level - 55 degrees Celsius. This is one of the highest indicators, registered on the African continent.

The second record holder is the city of Timbuktu. This small town is located in the Sahara. It arose at the intersection of major trade routes. The town is also big cultural interest. Now in Timbuktu there is a huge collection of ancient manuscripts and manuscripts. As for the temperature, here it often reaches 55 degrees. Local residents have difficulty escaping the heat; dunes can often be seen on the streets, and sandstorms often begin.

Where is it hottest on the planet?

Of course, not everyone can live in Africa; conditions on its territory are sometimes very extreme. However, there is a place that can break the records of Kebili and Timbuktu. This is a desert called Dasht-e Lut, located in Iran. Temperature measurements here do not occur constantly, since this is not always possible. In 2005, one of the satellites here recorded the absolute temperature maximum on our planet. It was 70.7 degrees.

The coldest and hottest country

Now that we already know where the hottest and coldest points on Earth are, it's worth talking about larger objects, such as countries.

Qatar is rightfully considered. This state is located in South-West Asia. It boasts not only temperature records, but also its wealth. The most interesting thing is that political system has been preserved here since time immemorial; Qatar still has an absolute monarchy.

The country is really very hot, in winter the temperature is usually about 28 degrees, and in summer - about 40 degrees hot. Taking into account the acute shortage of water, sometimes the situation here is not the most positive.

Most cold country Greenland is recognized worldwide. This state can really amaze with its climate; at the height of summer, the temperature often stays at 0 degrees and very rarely reaches the threshold of +10.

As for winter, it is really harsh here. The average January temperature in some areas is -27°C.

A certain area can be called the pole of cold globe, which has ever recorded the most low temperature. In addition, regions that record the coldest temperatures on the planet can also be considered poles of cold.

On given time Several points are recognized as the coldest places on Earth, although recent studies have revealed record levels of sub-zero temperatures in three specific places on our planet.

South and North poles of cold

There are two officially recognized regions that contain the coldest spots on the planet. These are the North and South poles of cold.

In the Northern Hemisphere of the Earth, the cold poles with record temperatures are the village of Oymyakon (with indicators of -67.7 °C) and the city of Verkhoyansk (-67.8 °C).

The Vostok station, located in the vastness of East Antarctica, is considered the border point South Pole cold. Until recently, the lowest temperature recorded in this area was − 89.2 °C. And during the latest research, a temperature of −92 °C was recorded on the territory of the East Antarctic Plateau, which is considered the lowest of all time.

Methods for studying the poles of cold

Such information is contained in special maps compiled using the direct work of meteorological services and satellites. The most accurate research has been carried out continuously for the past 32 years, and one of these meteorological satellites is the American brainchild of Landsat 8 - a high-quality model of an Earth remote sensing apparatus. Such a unit is distinguished by a large set of measuring equipment and research functions, which allows the use of the latest generation spacecraft to perform a variety of purposes and tasks.

Thus, it was revealed that an entire region on the territory of modern Antarctica is much higher than the rest and has record levels of sub-zero temperatures. This is also due to the fact that for long periods of time there is no air circulation, and the release of heat in space carried out continuously.

In addition, it is worth noting that there are many isolated places on our planet in which sub-zero temperatures border on record lows. Such places are located in different parts of the globe.

The coldest points on the globe

In addition to specific points with minimum temperatures indicated in Antarctica, there are many places on Earth that are constantly constrained winter frosts. The coldest places in the world were recognized:

• The southern pole of cold is the Russian Antarctic Vostok station(East Antarctica - 78°28′ S 106°48′ E), at this point on July 21, 1983, a record low air temperature was recorded on the surface of the planet −89.2 °C, this is the lowest temperature recorded by meteorologists
• The North Pole of Cold is a city Verkhoyansk in Yakutia - on January 15, 1885, the temperature was recorded in this locality −67.8 °C.
• The village of Oymyakon competes with Verkhoyansk for the title of the northern pole of cold, so in February 1933 the temperature was recorded by Soviet meteorologists −67.7 °C, which is 0.1 °C higher than the temperature record in Verkhoyansk.

It is worth noting that sometimes the poles of cold are considered to be mountains, where the temperature also drops below 65 degrees Celsius, however, this technique is controversial, because scientists are interested in the temperature on the surface of the Earth, and not at altitudes of several kilometers above sea level. For example, Americans consider Mount Denali (or McKinley) and its surroundings to be one of the coldest places on the planet, where the cold lasts as long as possible. Canadian meteorologists sometimes consider north poles cold Mount Logan (Canada), where a temperature of −77.5 °C was recorded in May 1991. But we must repeat ourselves - first of all, scientists are interested in the temperature on the surface of the planet, and according to this method, primacy belongs to three points - the Antarctic Vostok station, the city of Verkhoyansk and the village of Oymyakon.

Climatic and weather conditions on our planet are characterized by significant diversity. When at one end it rages blizzard, somewhere it's warm tropical rain or the scorching sun is shining. Do you know where the coldest place on earth is? If you ever decide to engage in extreme tourism or simply want to expand your horizons, be sure to read this kind of information.

Unofficial record holder

The coldest place on Earth is located in Antarctica, in the so-called ice dome. The thickness of this unique block of ice is approximately 2.5 kilometers, which represents the largest reserves of frozen water. This area is completely uninhabited, and research is not being conducted on its territory. It is generally accepted that temperatures down to minus 100 degrees Celsius can be recorded here, but there is no official confirmation of this information.

Recognized leader

Since the information described above is not confirmed by reliable sources and research, it is generally accepted that the coldest place on Earth is located on the territory of the Vostok polar station in Antarctica. It was here that the official minimum was recorded, amounting to 89.2 degrees Celsius (the record was set in 1983; according to some secret sources, 14 years later, the temperature dropped another two degrees lower).

An explanation for this phenomenon could be natural features local places:

• the thickness of the ice located under the station is approximately 3.5 kilometers (altitude above sea level);
• significant distance from the ocean;
• long period of polar night.

Negative temperatures are common in the area where the station is located; as a rule, even in summer the air does not warm up above minus 21 degrees.

The coldest inhabited cities

Where is the coldest inhabited place on Earth? You shouldn’t be surprised by this question; some people feel comfortable even in the harshest climatic conditions. The official data is as follows: the pole of cold is located in Russian Federation on the territory of Siberia. The leading positions in terms of the most extreme temperature indicators here are held by two settlements: Oymyakon and the city of Verkhoyansk.

A little more than a thousand people live in modern Verkhoyansk, this city is relatively young, located within the Arctic Circle, the first mention of it dates back to end of the XVIII centuries. At this time in Northern Siberia exiles were carried out for convicts who violated the law or opposed state power. The air temperature in winter in this region, according to average indicators, is approximately minus 46 degrees. Record figures were recorded in 1885 (-67.8)

An even more difficult weather situation occurs in Oymyakon, located on the banks of the small Indigirka River. About 500 people live on its territory, who annually have to withstand truly severe cold. According to many years meteorological observations, winter temperatures in this area are significantly lower than in neighboring Verkhoyansk. The absolute minimum was recorded in 1926 and amounted to -71.2 degrees.

When answering the question, where is the coldest place on earth, you have to choose between these two settlements.

The coldest populous city

The large Russian city of Yakutsk, the center of the Sakha Republic, can easily claim the title “The coldest place on planet Earth.” The settlement was founded back in 1632, and today the number of its inhabitants has reached 250 thousand people. The townspeople easily tolerate frosts and are not afraid of even the most severe cold, so their bodies have adapted to difficult conditions. weather conditions. Dry figures from official statistics can confirm such a bold statement:

The kingdom of cold outside Russia

When searching for an answer to the question of where the coldest place on earth is located, you most often hear about various residential and non-residential locations on the territory of the Russian Federation, however, outside our country there are also areas of the kingdom of cold and ice. Of course, the island of Greenland can be considered such a place. The average temperature for individual altitudes in this area is minus 47 degrees (data recorded in the center of the island are averages for February).

How do people live in extreme conditions?

Who is he, a resident of the coldest place on earth? Of course, even in the most northern latitudes there are representatives of the world of flora and fauna, but we will talk about whether ordinary people can live in such an area.

At Vostok station all year round Polar scientists live, hundreds of the most ordinary people, defying the elements, frost and cold. What difficulties do you have to face? local residents? The greatest problems of northern life are usually associated with:

Being outside at very low temperatures is quite difficult, if not impossible. So, at minus 70 degrees, the liquid in a person’s eyes freezes, which means that for carrying out scientific research special uniform is required. Without such devices, even with milder indicators, you can stay on the street for no more than a quarter of an hour, and sometimes even 10 minutes. In addition, in extremely low temperatures, it is not recommended to try to run or breathe frequently and deeply. Experts advise paying significant attention to shoes; for example, platform models with the thickest soles are in high demand in this case.

06/21/2016 at 22:30 · Pavlofox · 9 290

The coldest places on Earth

The top 10 included coldest places on earth with record low temperatures ever recorded. Among them there are both populated areas and lands absolutely unsuitable for life. Russia has become the undisputed leader among countries in terms of the number of coldest regions, since many of its villages are located in the permafrost zone.

10.

(USA) - the northernmost populated urban area North America opens a list of the coldest places on Earth. The city is located in a permafrost region. The soil here can freeze up to 400 meters deep. Barrow's climate is not only cold, but also dry. The winter season is considered extremely dangerous to life, since severe frosts are associated with strong winds. About three months a year the temperature exceeds 0 degrees, but does not rise above plus 4 degrees. Even in summer there are frosts here. The average annual temperature in Barrow is -12 degrees. The lowest temperature occurs in February and is -49°C. A special feature of the permafrost city is that the sun practically does not appear here from November to February.

9.

The next American city (USA) also has the right to bear the title of the coldest place on the planet. Americans call this settlement “The Refrigerator of the Nation” for a reason: temperatures in the warmest month (July) can be 0 degrees, and in the coldest month (January) they reach 49 degrees below zero.

8.

(Kazakhstan) ranks eighth on the list of the coldest places on the planet and second among the coldest capitals in the world. IN winter time year, the mercury column can drop to -52 degrees. Winters here are very cold and long. The frost period begins in November and lasts until April. Typical for summer heat, which can reach +41°C. The annual average is 3 degrees above zero.

7.

The city (Komi Republic) can bear the title of the coldest place in the world, which is located in the permafrost zone. The settlement has a subarctic climate and belongs to the Far North. Frosts are observed here for 10 months of the year and even in summer time A slight frost cannot be ruled out. Due to the harsh climate of Vorkuta, growing vegetable crops in open ground impossible. The average annual temperature in the city is -6 degrees. The absolute minimum temperature occurs in December and is -57°C. In summer, the mercury can rise to +33 degrees.

6.

The village (Komi Republic) is competing for the title of the coldest place on Earth. In 1978, record levels of 58 degrees below zero were recorded here. The average temperature of the coldest month (December) is -28 degrees, the warmest (July) is 14°C above zero. A small village of 30 people was located at an altitude of 75 meters above sea level.

5.

The capital of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the city ranks fifth in the ranking of the coldest places on the planet. Severe Yakut frosts in winter average -40 degrees. Maximum minimum temperature here it can reach 65°C below zero. Winter lasts here for six months - from early October to late April. As for summer, for a northern city there is abnormal heat, which can reach +40°C. The average annual temperature in Yakutsk is 9 degrees below zero. This is one of the largest city settlements located on permafrost territory.

4.

The former station (Greenland) ranks fourth on the list of the coldest places on Earth. In 1930, the lowest temperatures were recorded here, which amounted to -65 degrees. Average temperatures in February are 47 degrees below zero. In July, which is considered the most warm month, the average temperature is – 12°C. The station was located on the Greenland Shield at an altitude of 3010 meters above sea level. It was here that the Greenland expedition of Alfred Wegener was sent in the 30s of the last century, in which many people suffered from frostbite. Alfred Wegener himself died from hypothermia.

3.

The station (Antarctica) reveals the three coldest places on planet Earth. This is where the heaviest are found climatic conditions: Low temperatures occur throughout the year. In 1983, the station officially recorded 89 degrees. The highest temperature was recorded in 1957 and was 13.6 degrees below zero. This area rightfully bears the status of “Pole of Cold”. The most warm months December and January are considered, when the average is -35°C. The station is located at an altitude of 3488 meters above sea level, which does not allow it to bear the title of the coldest place on earth. If the indicators are brought to sea level, then the village of Oymyakon in the Republic of Yakutia becomes the undisputed leader.

2.

The city (Republic of Sakha) is the coldest place on the planet, after the village of Oymyakon. Verkhoyansk is also one of the smallest Russian cities with a population of just over 1,000 people. The lowest temperatures were recorded here in 1892 and amounted to minus 68 degrees. The city has the official status of “Pole of Cold”. Winters in the city of the Sakha Republic are long, very harsh and cold. In addition, there is an insignificant amount of precipitation, comparable to deserts. Therefore, Verkhoyansk is still one of the cities in Russia with the driest climate. Frosts are possible even in the summer season, which does not last long. The average annual temperature is 18.6 degrees.

1.

The village (Sakha Republic) is officially recognized as the coldest place on Earth. It is one of the “Poles of Cold” on the planet. This is one of the harshest places in the world climate indicators, home to a permanent population of about 500 people. The village is located at an altitude of 745 m above sea level. The absolute minimum temperature here is 64 degrees, but according to some data, a temperature of -78 degrees was recorded in Oymyakon in 1938. Verkhoyansk also claimed to be the coldest place in the world, but according to meteorological data average annual temperature in Oymyakon it is 0.3°C lower than in Verkhoyansk, which allows it to take a leading place.

Readers' Choice:

Oymyakon is the coldest place on Earth where people live permanently. The village is located in the east of Yakutia, on the left bank of the Indigirka River. According to Rosstat, in 2012, 512 people lived permanently at the Cold Pole. Most of them are reindeer herders, cattle breeders and fishermen. The infrastructure in Oymyakon is quite “urban”. There are shops, a bakery, a kindergarten, a school, School of Music and a bank branch.

The average temperature of the coldest month of the year, January, is -46°C. The lowest temperature ever recorded in the Northern Hemisphere was recorded here. The official record was -71.2°C. Obviously, the most effective and powerful deicing agents are in high demand here. According to unofficial sources, in 1916 the thermometer dropped to -82. In summer there are white nights here, and in winter the length of the short day just over 4.5 hours.

True, taking into account the sharply continental climate, summers here are relatively hot. The average temperature in July was + 14.9°C, and the absolute maximum in Oymyakon was 34.6°C.

Due to the aggressive climate, farming is impossible here. Vegetables and fruits are delivered by air. Less often - by ground transport. The runway is only open in summer.

Oymyakon has a competitor for the title of “coldest place”. Similar figures were recorded in Verkhoyansk average temperature in January and absolute minimums.

According to unofficial data, in 1938 it was -77.8°C in the village. The Antarctic Vostok station recorded the lowest temperature on Earth (-89.2 °C), but the station is located at an altitude of 3488 m above sea level, and, if both temperatures are adjusted to sea level, it is the coldest place on the planet Oymyakon will be recognized (-68.3 and −77.6 degrees, respectively).

Surprisingly, in the language of the local reindeer herders, the name of the village of Oymyakon is translated as “non-freezing water”, because there are hot springs nearby.