Who has the most animal hearts? How many hearts can an octopus have? How do octopus hearts work?

Hagfish - rare representative a vertebrate that does not have a backbone. The hagfish has a skeleton - in the form of a skull. But there is no spine. These creatures are classified as lower vertebrates. That is, they are no longer worms, but also not fish - the predecessors of fish.

Hagfishes settle in subtropical and temperate waters throughout the World Ocean. In Russia, for example, they can sometimes even be found in the Barents Sea. But the greatest diversity of species is found off the western coast of North America.

According to research, hagfish have remained almost unchanged over the past 300 million years. The hagfish's primitive appearance, which has long since gone out of fashion among fish, and disgusting eating habits have led people to consider the hagfish one of the most disgusting sea ​​monsters. But this is all only because she is less like us, modern creatures, than others.

The body of the hagfish resembles the body of a huge worm, half a meter in length. The goliath hagfish sometimes reaches a size of 127 centimeters. The hagfish is almost the only creature on Earth that can tie itself into a knot.

Now let's see what's inside the hagfish. She has four hearts, two brains and one nostril. But the hagfish has the same number of eyes as we do; vertebrates have two. True, they are quite primitive. With the help of such eyes, hagfish can see light, but not a specific image.

In some hagfish species there is only one male per hundred females. Representatives of other species are completely hermaphrodites. So nothing threatens the survival of the hagfish, even if the “men move out.”

The key to high survival rate is unpretentiousness in food. The hagfish eats carrion or dying animals. As a rule, it tears out pieces of meat, makes a hole and thus penetrates inside the creature. And eats him up. Divers often see gnawed skeletons of some dolphins with a thick hagfish inside. Sometimes hagfish eat fish caught in a fishing net, which can barely move.

Hagfish are eaten in Japan and Korea.

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The human body never ceases to amaze doctors and scientists with its peculiarities. One such phenomenon is people with two hearts. Moreover, some of them lived long years and had no idea about their uniqueness.

They had excellent health, which allowed them not to see doctors. And the presence of a second heart made the body more resilient and made it easier to cope with physical activity.

From the history

In 1844, Dorge Lippert was born in Germany, who had three legs. He earned his living in the circus of the largest American hoaxer, Phineas Taylor Barnum, in which unusual people were shown.

Fact: “The Russian boy Fyodor Evtikhiev, who was born with a hairy face, also performed in this circus.”

After Lippert's death in 1906, an autopsy revealed that there were two hearts in his chest. At the same time, during his lifetime, neither he nor those around him had any idea about this.

In 1905 in American newspapers an advertisement appeared for a 35-year-old carpenter named Durr, in which he is ready to hang his body with two hearts to anyone who pays a large amount money. Several experts examined the carpenter and came to a unanimous conclusion: the carpenter really has two hearts, and he is completely healthy. A group of doctors offered him $10,000 for an operation to remove one of the hearts while he was alive, but Durr refused due to fears of complications after the operation.

In 1911, a reference book on surgery was published in Yekaterinburg, which contained information about the rural paramedic Vladimir Ognivtsev, who also had two hearts. At the same time, the reference book even showed a diagram of the movement of blood in his body.

As medical technology develops

As the medical equipment evidence of people with two hearts began to be supported by authoritative examinations using the most precise instruments.

In 1967, in the city of Žarov, which is located near Belgrade in Yugoslavia, during a medical examination at school, a second heart was discovered in the boy Ramo Osmani, which was located on the right and had the shape of a mirror image of the main organ. During an X-ray examination, it was revealed that both hearts were smaller than normal for their age, but their collaboration ensures stable good blood circulation. At the same time, the student looked healthier and stronger than his peers.

Ramo Osmani constantly undergoes medical examinations throughout his life. However, with the exception of this phenomenon, his body is not very significantly different from others. He is more resilient than other people, but with the onset of fatigue he needs longer rest.

In 2004, a second heart was discovered in a one-year-old boy from Georgia, with one circulatory organ located in the chest and the other in abdominal cavity. A few years later, a second heart was discovered in a 50-year-old man from Ukraine.

In 2004, in a number of Russian media a note was published about Zyaudin Yandiev from the village of Inarki, Malgobek region of Ingushetia, who at the age of 47 was discovered to have two hearts. The man rarely went to doctors, although he underwent a medical examination in the army. During examinations, doctors routinely applied a stethoscope to the left side of the chest and determined the parameters of the circulatory organ, without suspecting that it was not the only one. At the end of 1999, Zyaudin, due to blood poisoning, was admitted to a hospital in the city of Nalchik, where, while taking a cardiogram, the doctor noticed that one of the electrodes had sharply moved to the right, and discovered that the patient had two hearts.

After recovery, Zyaudin underwent a full examination, as a result of which no other pathologies were identified. An entry was made in his medical record: “The patient Yandiev, born in 1956, was found to have two hearts – on the right and on the left.”

In 2004, Zyaudin was taken to the hospital with a heart attack of two hearts. The man recovered quite quickly, but doctors noted: a simultaneous heart attack confirms that two hearts in the body behave like one and form a single system.

Stopping two hearts

In 2010, in Verona, an elderly man was found unconscious on the street, with difficulty breathing and low blood pressure. He was taken to the department emergency care, where doctors made the assumption of a heart attack and administered drug therapy. The man's name is not disclosed due to medical ethics.

During the examination, the man was found to have two hearts. Due to a medication chosen due to a medical error, both hearts stopped. With the help of a defibrillator, doctors managed to beat them again, and after recovery the patient left the clinic.

It turned out that he was not born with two hearts - the second organ was a donor and transplanted several years ago. The transplanted heart not only took root, but caused stable functioning of the first circulatory organ, the condition of which improved dramatically. Due to the wrong entry medicinal product The main heart stopped, followed by a failure in the donor heart.

Second heart transplant operations

In London in 1996, the famous heart surgeon Magdi Yacoub performed a donor heart transplant on two-year-old Hannah Clarke. The girl’s own heart was twice as large as usual and could not withstand the load. The surgeon left the original heart in place and transplanted the donor organ into the right side of the chest.

The girl lived with two hearts for 10 years. However, in 2006, a rejection reaction began in her body (it was because of the possibility of such a situation developing that the doctor left the girl’s native heart).

By this time, Magdi Jacob had already retired and did not perform operations, but only consulted surgeons. Doctors suggested either suppressing the rejection reaction or starting the girl’s own heart. The results of the operation exceeded all expectations, and instead of the planned several months, Hannah spent only 5 days in the clinic.

Fact:“During 10 years of functioning of the donor organ, the girl’s native heart was restored, and working in tandem with the donor’s, it gradually became the same in all respects.”

After the removal of the donor organ, Hannah quickly recovered and even actively took up sports.

In March 2009, in the Brazilian city of Sao Paulo, surgeon Alfredo Fiorelli performed a donor heart transplant on a 53-year-old patient. The patient's native organ was also left in place, and both hearts were connected by blood vessels. The patient tolerated the operation well, and the doctors noted that the worn-out native heart began to work much better than before.

Brothers with two hearts

About another one amazing story it became known from the pages of the Irkutsk newspaper, where Elvira Chernikova was searching for her cousin. Her aunt Valentina Dedyukhina gave birth to a boy in 1937. During the examination, the doctor dissuaded the woman from giving up the child, since he has two hearts and with such a pathology the boy simply will not survive. Valentina signed the waiver, but after a few months she regretted her decision and began searching for her son. It turned out that the boy disappeared with the same gynecologist who allegedly adopted him. Times were difficult at that time and the woman who abandoned the child did not contact law enforcement agencies.

A few years later, Valentina Dedyukhina’s sister also gave birth to a boy with two hearts! The man lived to an old age, had good health and both hearts worked properly. Now Elvira was trying to find that same cousin who disappeared in 1937.

Based on this case, we can make the assumption that this phenomenon may have a genetic connection - after all, the birth of people with two hearts happened among sisters.

The birth of a new race

Rutgers University anthropologist Suzanne Kachel has been studying people with two hearts for a number of years. According to her, the system of one heart and two lungs originated about 300 million years ago, when animals began migrating from water to land. Initially, a human embryo has two two-chambered hearts in the womb, which then merge into one four-chambered one. According to Suzanne, the presence of two hearts in a mature person is a manifestation of gene memory, when the process of two paired embryos is disrupted for some reason and each of them develops into an independent heart. And if the work of both circulatory organs is harmonious, a person lives a normal healthy life.

Fact:“Scientists have noticed that the number of people with two hearts is gradually increasing every year.”

One to help the other

In March 2009, it became known about a unique surgery, conducted at the Heart Institute in Sao Paulo (Brazil).

A fifty-three-year-old patient whose heart was already refusing to pump blood was transplanted into the right side of his chest with a donor heart, leaving his own in the same place. The “new” heart was connected by blood vessels to the “old” one.

It was reported that the operation lasted 12 hours and that the patient's condition was stable. However, doctors expressed concern that the patient’s chance of survival was 50%. "The next 72 hours will be critical," said the surgeon who performed the transplant, Alfredo Fiorelli. And he added that in the current situation it would not be recommended to do a traditional transplant, so the only alternative is to “plant” a second heart and maintain the patient in such an artificially created state for two months. There is hope that the donor heart will still take over the basic functions of its own, which will beat slower and slower...

However, many questions remained. If everything goes according to plan, will it be necessary to remove the “main” heart later? And where is such confidence that it will beat more and more slowly? Or maybe over time it will, on the contrary, begin to work normally?

My heart was rested and...

It turns out that back in 1996 in London, the famous heart surgeon Magdi Yacoub transplanted a donor heart into a two-year-old girl, Hannah Clarke, leaving her own in place. At that time, due to cardiomyopathy, it was already twice its normal size, and doctors predicted that in a maximum of a year the heart would not withstand the load. After the operation, the girl had to take medications to suppress the reaction of rejection of the donor heart, and it seemed that everything was going fine for Hannah. So 10 years passed.

However, in 2006, she suddenly began to experience this same rejection reaction. The donor heart needed to be urgently removed and a try to connect our own. Surgeons had never done anything like this before. They were advised by the same Magdi Yakub, already a pensioner. And then the surprises began!

Instead of 8 hours, the operation took 4, instead of several months, Hannah spent in the ward intensive care only 5 days. She quickly recovered and soon began to even dream about some kind of sports competition. It turns out that the girl’s own heart has had a good rest over the years, gained strength and “learned” to work normally. The donor “double” simply became superfluous, so the body began to reject it!

Two in one

But it happens that a person is born with two hearts. Back in 1905, thirty-five-year-old American carpenter A. Durr placed an advertisement in one of the newspapers that he was ready to bequeath his body and his two hearts to anyone who would immediately pay him good money. Durr was a big guy, which was confirmed by experts, and one even offered 10 thousand dollars for the right to remove one of the two hearts during his lifetime. But the carpenter refused, fearing that he would not have time to enjoy this money if something went wrong.

In Russia, too, they have known about this phenomenon for a long time. In 1911, a reference book on surgery was published in Yekaterinburg, which contains a diagram with the caption: “Ognivtsev’s phenomenon. A man with two hearts." But who is he, this Vladimir Ognivtsev? So, a rural paramedic, whose fate is not even really known.

But then in January 2004 Russian newspapers talked about a resident of Ingushetia from the village of Inarki, Malgobek district. Until the age of forty-seven, Zyaudin Yandiev did not even think that he had two hearts. And although some doctor told him this as a child, Zyaudin soon forgot about the second heart. He served in the army, worked, and visited doctors more than once, but no one noticed the amazing anomaly, out of habit they applied a stethoscope to the left side of his chest. And only in 2003, when he was hospitalized with blood poisoning, “the cardiologist literally jumped in surprise when, while taking a cardiogram, one of the electrodes suddenly moved to the right side and froze,” recalls Z. Yandiev. At this point he was examined in full!

One is good, but two is better!

Let us note that in most cases, these phenomenal people do not even know for years that they have two hearts. Why? Because they don’t go to doctors - they have good health. Even if the second heart is not in place. So, in July 2004, doctors in Tbilisi examined one-year-old baby Goga Diasamidze from Batumi: one heart was in his chest, and the second was in the abdominal cavity. But even in this case, the body adapted!

There is also a known case in Ukraine, when a fifty-year-old man was diagnosed with a “tumor”, which in fact turned out to be a second heart! This man had never consulted a doctor before - his health was fine.

In general, it seems that the body “doesn’t mind” two hearts! Moreover, a child with a “spare” heart grows up more resilient and strong, and copes with physical stress more easily (and this is something for biologists, geneticists, and futurologists to think about).

But, in this case, why didn’t nature take care of duplicating this most important organ for all of us during evolution? After all, we have two lungs, kidneys or eyes! And the heart is one. And the power of this “pump” is not so great. It is capable of pushing blood into all vessels, down to the smallest capillaries, of which there are 100-160 billion in our body, but it is difficult for it to deliver venous blood back. But it turns out that the numerous “mini-hearts” scattered throughout our body help the heart push blood. These are muscles.

According to Nikolai Arinchin, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus, we have 1008 such “hearts” (according to the number of skeletal muscles). And if the muscles become decrepit, it becomes very difficult for the heart. Moral: if you want to live, help your heart, train all your muscles!

Genes and chromosomes?

Recently, Elvira Chernikova began looking for her cousin. Her aunt Valentina Dedyukhina once had a son weighing 4.5 kg in Irkutsk - a healthy and strong baby. The gynecologist who delivered the child said, however, that the child was not viable because he had two hearts and persuaded the woman to write a refusal. After that, both the child and that gynecologist (childless, by the way) disappeared from the maternity hospital - maybe the doctor adopted the baby. And after some time, Dedyukhina’s sister also gave birth to a son with two hearts. “Now he is an adult,” says Elvira, “his heart works like a clock, the rhythm is clear and strong. So we decided to look: maybe our cousin will show up somewhere in Irkutsk?”

What does this mean? "Family" phenomenon? Maybe some recessive (ancient) gene was triggered in both sisters? Maybe once all our ancestors had two hearts? It is no coincidence that a human embryo also initially has two hearts, but then they are combined into one (eyes, by the way, are the opposite: at first the embryo has one eye, then it is divided into two).

Rutgers University anthropologist Susana Kachel argues that the system of one heart and two lungs began to emerge about 300 million years ago, when aquatic groups of radishes first began to crawl onto land (by the way, the octopus still has three hearts). And perhaps it is no coincidence that the human embryo first resembles a fish, an amphibian, and only much later - a mammal, which in the course of evolution succeeded each other until they became Homo sapiens? And ours genetic memory still no, no, and it will give out two hearts - so to speak, “the old fashioned way”!

Octopuses are one of the most mysterious sea ​​creatures. Many people wonder how many hearts an octopus has.

Octopuses are one of the most mysterious sea creatures

No place on Earth contains as many diverse and strange creatures as the seas and oceans. Many inhabitants of the seabed are the most ancient representatives planets, much older than a person and all animals. One of these creatures is the octopus - cephalopod, the size of which can reach 7-8 m.

Octopuses can be different. Thus, their size varies from a few centimeters to 8 m. The weight of the largest octopus was more than 200 kg, although it usually still does not exceed 15-20 kg.

No place on Earth contains as many diverse and strange creatures as the seas and oceans

The question of its color can be perplexing: this mollusk can be different colors, besides, they are able to change their appearance almost instantly. Therefore, very different descriptions can be applied to an octopus.

They have a soft oval body, similar to a ball, dressed in something resembling a mantle - a skin-muscular sac that can be smooth or pimply, depending on the type of mollusk. There are 8 tentacles on the body that surround the octopus's mouth.

The mollusk catches prey thanks to special suction cups located on inside tentacles. There are a lot of these suckers - several hundred on one “hand”.

Tentacles are needed not only to grab prey: they also have visual analyzers that allow them to assess the surrounding environment.

Many inhabitants of the seabed are the oldest representatives of the planet, much older than humans and all animals

The mollusk has prominent eyes. They are huge and occupy about 10% of the entire body; the size of the eyeball can reach 40 cm. According anatomical structure Octopuses' eyes are similar to human eyes, but they still have a slightly different way of perceiving the world.

The only solid part of the octopus's body is its beak, which is similar to a bird's beak. It is this that can become a limitation for the mollusk in trying to crawl into any hole, since the rest of its body is so soft that it can penetrate any crevice.

The internal structure of the octopus has always aroused interest among people, since many people know the fact that it has several hearts. Therefore, a common question is how many hearts does an octopus have? This mollusk has 3 cardiac muscles.

This feature is explained by the fact that they have a very strong blood resistance, which the heart simply could not cope with. Thus, this mollusk is the only representative of the animal world that has as many as 3 hearts.

Octopus Volcano (video)

Features of the cardiac system

One of the octopus's 3 hearts is the main one - it pumps blood throughout the body. It is larger in size than the others and consists of two atria and a small ventricle. This heart bears the main burden of ensuring the vital functions of the body.

The other two cardiac organs can be called accessory - they are smaller in size, located near the two gills and are muscular extensions of blood vessels. They help the main organ move blood throughout the body. Because of the peculiarity of their work, they are also called “gills”. They distill venous blood, which is enriched with oxygen in the gills and then enters the atria of the main organ.

Thus, we can distinguish the types of heart organs in octopuses:

• The main thing;
• auxiliary.

However, different work does not affect the frequency of their beating - the octopus has three hearts that beat in the same rhythm. This cannot but cause admiration - 3 hearts of a huge mollusk beating in one beat. The beating frequency depends on the water temperature: than colder water, the slower the heart works. On average, the frequency is reduced to 40 times per minute.

The octopus also has blood peculiar to itself, which has an amazing blue, as well as high intelligence, proven by many studies. So 3 hearts distill not just blood, but a blue liquid.

It is worth mentioning the octopuses' special weapon - the ink bomb. The mollusk has in its body special body- an ink sac filled with liquid, which the octopus throws out in case of danger. As a result, an ink curtain is formed, allowing you to hide from any enemy that might attack the octopus.

Giant octopus (video)

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Mechanisms of blood pumping

Before talking about breathing itself, I would like to touch on the topic of blood circulation in the human body. Some people, knowing our anatomy and physiology, are convinced that the blood in the body is pumped by the heart. This is a deep misconception. If you connect a mechanical heart or apparatus to a corpse, it will not pump blood.

Turns out, a person has not one, but three hearts . When we worked in Kyiv, I gave several lectures at a military institute that studies the heart. A secret military institute is studying the heart - like this interesting activity. And when I gave them a lecture, they came to the conclusion that it was unclear what they had been doing before.

It is believed that first heart in humans (meaning the blood pumping mechanism) – these are all our cells that make up the cellular mass, which has the property of constantly moving from a state of contraction to a state of relaxation and vice versa. That is, there is a general pulsation in the body. Moreover, equipment has been developed that is designed to analyze this very pulsation in the legs, torso, etc. When the pulsation in the legs is disturbed, thrombophlebitis is guaranteed due to the stagnation process. It should be noted that all existing nutritional supplements are designed specifically to activate the pulsation of every cell. The most a big problem is that under the influence external environment Our cellular level becomes more and more passive with every year of life. We vitally need inner activation . When we met with Muldashev (he came to us, and his deputy was trained in our method), it turned out that they had a problem: they are able to grow eyeballs and various other parts for cyborgs, but they do not know how to make them work. They can grow it, but they can’t make the organ function on its own. The starter is missing. It turns out that the problem is that each cell must have a starter - an internal pulsation. One of the most important exercises, which is used by many systems and which leads to a general activation of the body’s pulsation, is auto-training based on sensations of heaviness and lightness. And also various complications - when you indicate that a leg or toe has become cold or hot, and vice versa. At the same time, there is a build-up, which powerfully affects the blood circulation of our organs. Unfortunately, almost no one uses such auto-training (especially postoperatively). And this is the basis of Tibetan, oriental medicine - mental activation of blood circulation with such pulsation. So, the first heart is our cellular mass, which determines the energy of blood circulation.

Second heart – this is the bag in which our internal organs are located and which is in constant dynamics due to diaphragmatic breathing. At the same time, there is a constant massage of the internal organs. One of the most important exercises of various schools, a kind of test - you lie down, and I stand on your stomach, and you breathe. If you can't breathe, then it's time to die. This is an example of a special technology for the development of diaphragmatic breathing in martial art. We are not talking about martial arts here, we are ordinary normal people, but we simply need a certain development of diaphragmatic breathing. For those who have certain problems with the shape of the abdomen, especially women after childbirth, etc., diaphragmatic breathing is disrupted, and there is immediately a powerful effect on the kidneys, genitals, venous system of the legs, etc. I will talk about this in another lecture (about the positioning and movement of arms, legs, etc., about the use of our muscle mass in the development of direct and reverse biological connections). Now I'm talking about breathing. I want to emphasize that our breathing is primarily related to our blood circulation .

Third heart – this is directly our very heart. The heart is a tuning fork that adjusts the diaphragmatic rhythm and creates a certain rhythm of the work of our body, the entire cellular mass, the cellular level. This is very thin mechanism. By the way, I want to immediately note that if someone has dominant brain functions, brain activity, then he suppresses his heart, which results in one type of heart disease. If the genitourinary system dominates, suppressing the heart, this is a different type of pathology. In both cases, the person will have a diseased heart, but the heart itself has absolutely nothing to do with it. It does not act on itself - it is affected either by the head or the genitourinary system. Accordingly, you need to deal with either the head or the genitourinary system. But here we can treat the heart for the rest of our lives. So, when a person knows how to breathe correctly, he creates a certain dynamics throughout the body, fluctuations in cell mass, and such a person has normal blood circulation. I can clearly demonstrate how, with a completely relaxed arm, my veins inflate. By influencing the internal organs, I will make a counterflow of blood through the veins, and they will expand enormously before your eyes. At the same time, my blood vessels are like those of a baby. I do not specifically practice Hatha yoga or other systems, I only use the so-called yoga Everyday life - a certain minimum of exercise that is needed to maintain homeostasis (balance) in the body . Every healthy person needs to have a minimum set of knowledge about full breathing. In our society, there are only a few percent of full-fledged people (full-fledged, like some kind of animals), from my point of view. And it is very sad that in kindergartens and schools underdeveloped, excuse me, “guts” are formed.

There is a certain age schedule for the development of our mass, our organs, systems, therefore If certain things are not given to the child in time, then pathology will eventually develop. . I once showed my son that he should sit in the lotus position, and he sits in the lotus position. He doesn’t care, one way or another. That is, I made a certain preparation, and his joints received an impetus to normal development in time. If you start developing an adult in this way, it can even be dangerous. Sometimes you can’t even do this, because, let’s say, a person’s joints will begin to develop well, but the blood vessels will not develop - as a result, you can get ruptures, various injuries and other very sad consequences. Since I touched on this conversation, I will immediately give you one important picture related to blood circulation.

It is believed that if people find ways to treat all their diseases, then the most last problem, which remains, will be associated with microcapillaries through which arterial blood passes into venous blood (Fig. 1). This place of transition is the very weakness in the human body. For example, people with diabetes do not die from diabetes mellitus, but because the microcapillaries become clogged. If a person has a dominant lower part, then the capillaries suffer mainly in the legs, if he is dominant top part blood flow, then the eyes suffer, etc., right up to the brain.

Let me give you an example. There was a very striking case in Kyiv. In our group, 60 doctors studied at the first stage. We prepared them according to a special program for a whole year. The program was supervised by Lyudmila Nikolaevna Kuchma, the president’s wife. So, one of our colleagues, a doctor, a very powerful athlete, could freely do push-ups with his fists, well, 250 times, for example. Such an ace athlete. He came from another city, settled in Kyiv, had a lot of time, and he worked on pumping. We have an exercise where we pump energy at a distance of 5-7 meters. So he worked for 2-3 hours with someone in pairs with this pumping. And then he comes and says: “Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, I have some kind of tragedy.” What's happened? And capillaries all around his body broke and hemorrhage occurred. "What's the matter? I’m so strong, healthy, the strongest, the very best...” I tell him: “And you are actually the weakest.” How can it be? And the thing is that when athletes exercise intensely physical exercise, they transform these capillaries that I was talking about, due to tension, from elastic to fragile, hard. And when the comrade began to activate blood circulation from the inside, due to the technology of “bone breathing,” the capillaries, especially on the surface, began to burst. The doctor was simply horrified, and he had to sharply cut back on his classes.

For us, people who intensively engage in physical exercise without knowing the basics of drip systems are, in fact, excuse me, freaks. All our sports “stars” are disabled. Why? Illiterate development. Unfortunately, real professionals and specialists do not participate in olympic games, do not demonstrate their professionalism. When we examined the Spartak team (Zavarzin’s team), it turned out that all of them were semi-disabled by diagnosis. And this is our football elite. Football players work hard. Eastern wisdom shapes the culture of life, the culture of sports, the culture of martial arts, but here they squeeze something out of a person. Therefore our the conversation about breathing technology is aimed at joining the culture of human development . Everyone understands perfectly well that breathing occupies one of the most important places in our lives. This was the introductory part.

Breathing technologies in the “Archangel Michael” system

Now I will talk about respiratory systems: Full breathing, Breathing with bones, Breathing with balls, Breathing with thoughts, Breathing with space. All of them belong to the system of the Archangel Michael (Fig. 2).

The Archangel Michael system is presented a seven-pointed star, at the ends of which: the Pillar Standing system, the system Strong wind, the Five Beasts system, the Drunkard system, the Sleeping God system, the Dragon system, and the Void Presence system. This is the “Mage Star” or the basis of the “Dragon” system. T The technology of Bone Breathing refers to the Pillar Standing system. Ball Breathing technology (internal breathing) belongs to the Fast Wind system, technology Full of breath- to the Five Beasts system, the technology of Thought Breathing - to the Drunkard's system, and Space Breathing - to the Sleeping God.