Explores the environmental problems of his native land. Research work: "Ecology of the native village." Fatezhsky district, Kursk region

PROGRAM

elective subject

biology

"Ecology native land»

8th grade

compiled by: biology teacher

Smirnova E.V.

year 2014.

"ECOLOGY OF THE NATIVE LAND"

Explanatory note

The program of the elective biology subject "Ecology of the Native Land" is designed for students in grade 8 and is aimed at acquiring in-depth environmental knowledge about the village of Zubovo and about Vologda region generally.

the main objective course: study of biodiversity and ecology of the main taxa of plants, fungi, lichens and animals in typical natural communities native land; development of cognitive interests, intellectual and creativity in the process of observing the state of nature of the native land, self-acquisition of knowledge; education of love for one's land, one's country, the formation of an ecological culture of the individual.

The main objectives of the course are: to familiarize students with topical issues conservation of biodiversity in the world, Russia, Vologda region, Belozersky district and the village of Zubovo, the role of natural scientists in the study and conservation of biodiversity of the region; the development by students of knowledge about the main life forms, types of plants, fungi, lichens and animals of the “Sholsky forest reserve”, as well as about necessary measures their protection; on the measures of their use of economically valuable species in the region; study by students of environmental problems of the Vologda region; identification by students of sources of pollution of the biosphere of their native land and determination of the impact of these pollutions on human health; mastering by students the ability to work with identification cards, with determinants, laboratory equipment; formation and development of key competencies among students and satisfaction of interest in studying the nature of their native land.

The practical orientation of the optional course is implemented in various forms project activities, practical and laboratory work.

The program of the subject "Ecology of the native land" provides for 34 academic hours (1 hour per week) and includes 7 sections.

Program content:

1 Introduction (3 hours)

The biosocial nature of man and the sciences that study him. The rise of the human sciences. Influence of conditions external environment on the morphology and anatomy of plants. Botanical excursions in the forest, in the meadow, in the swamp.

Excursion. Biodiversity of the nature of the native land.

History of study medicinal plants Vologda region. Characteristics of medicinal plants of forests, swamps, meadows. Protection of rare medicinal plants.

3. Security issue environment Vologda region (5 hours)

Ecological state of Russia and the Vologda region. Rare species of plants and animals. specially protected natural areas Vologda region, Belozersky district. Tourism and nature conservation.

Practical work. Definition according to the atlases of protected areas of the Vologda Oblast.

Life forms and ecological groups of plants, fungi, lichens. woody plants. Distinctive features structures of trees and shrubs. Gymnosperms. Variety and ecological groups of gymnosperms. Deciduous plants and shrubs. species composition deciduous trees and shrubs. Herbaceous plants. A type of herbaceous plant. Biodiversity, importance and protection of fungi and lichens.

Practical work. Identification of species and environmental groups gymnosperms. Identification of deciduous trees and shrubs in the territory of the village of Zubovo. Identification of the main representatives of herbaceous vegetation. Identification of fungal species and lichen types.

Practical work. The study of the diversity of plants in the reserve. Description species composition plants. Description of the species composition of amphibians and reptiles, fish of local reservoirs. Compilation of a list of birds of the local fauna. Description of the species composition of mammals of the local fauna. History of studying the nature of the Vologda region.

Excursion.

6. Shola River (3 hours)

The Shola River, its flora and fauna. Condition Research aquatic environment Shola river.

Laboratory works.

The relationship between man and natural environment. Impact of environmental pollution on human health. Final lesson.

Project activity. Let's save the nature of our native land.

Ecology is the science of the regularities of the existence of the living world on Earth. Methods of ecological research. The problem of biodiversity conservation.

Expected Result:

students should

know:

biodiversity of the Vologda Oblast and the village of Zubovo

life forms of plants and animals in the area

species composition of the flora and fauna of their homeland

environmental research methods

environmental problems your locality

impact of environmental pollution on human health

rare species plants and animals

the importance of plants and animals and measures for their protection

be able to:

carry out practical and laboratory works, exercise project activities to conduct research, experiments and observations

work with identification cards, with determinants, laboratory equipment

analyze and draw conclusions from the information received

find possible solutions to environmental problems

be creative in problem solving

Literature:

Polyansky I.I. Botanical excursions. A guide for teachers. M., Education, 1968.

Geography of the Vologda Oblast. A textbook for students in grades 8-9 of a comprehensive school. / Edited by E.A. Skupinova, O.A. Zolotova.-Vologda: Educational literature, 2005.

Belozerye. Local history almanac. issue 2. - Vologda: "Legia" 1998.

Rare and protected plants of the Vologda region. - 1991. - 40 p.

rare plants Vologda Oblast // Specially Protected Natural Territories. - Vologda: Publishing house "Rus", 1993. - S. 180-193, 214-229.

Flora of forests // Forests of the Vologda land. - Vologda: Publishing House "Legia", 1999. - S. 137-170.

vascular plants national park"Russian North". — M.: Ed. IPEE RAN, 2004. - 62 p.

Vascular plants // Red Book of the Vologda region. T. 2. Plants and mushrooms. - Vologda: VGPU; Publishing house "Rus", 2004. - S. 9-240.

Resource characteristics of medicinal plants of the Vologda region. - Vologda: Publishing house "Rus", 2005. - 140 p.

10) Flora and vegetation // Nature of the Vologda region. - Vologda: Publishing House "Vologzhanin", 2007. - S. 173-240.

11) New finds of bryophytes in the Vologda region. 1 // Arctoa. - 2009. - Vol. 18. - P. 251-253.

12) "Biological encyclopedic Dictionary." Ch. ed. M. S. Gilyarov; Editors: A. A. Babaev, G. G. Vinberg, G. A. Zavarzin and others - 2nd ed., corrected. — M.: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1986.

Thematic plan

№ lessons	Topic of the lesson	Number of hours
		theoretical	practical
1. Introduction (3 hours)		3	1
	The biosocial nature of man and the sciences that study him. The rise of the human sciences.
	Influence of environmental conditions on the morphology and anatomy of plants.
	Botanical excursions to the forest, to the meadow, to the swamp.
2. Study of medicinal plants (6 hours)		4	2
	History of the study of medicinal plants of the Vologda region.
	Addiction healing properties medicinal plants from the chemical composition.
	Protection of medicinal plants.
	Characteristics of medicinal plants of coniferous and small-leaved forests.
	Medicinal plants of swamps and wet habitats.
	Medicinal plants of the meadows.
3. The problem of environmental protection in the Vologda region (5 o'clock)		4	1
	Security natural resources in Russia.
	Protection of natural resources in the Vologda region.
	Specially protected natural territories of the Vologda region.
	Tourism and nature conservation.
	Specially protected territories of the Belozersky district.
4. Vegetation of the village of Zubovo (9 hours)		5	4
	Life forms and ecological groups of plants, fungi, lichens.
	woody plants. Distinctive features of the structure of trees and shrubs.
	Deciduous plants and shrubs. Species composition of deciduous trees and shrubs.
	Herbaceous plants. A type of herbaceous plant.
	Biodiversity, importance and protection of fungi and lichens. Identification of fungal species and lichen types.
	Determination of species and ecological groups of gymnosperms.
	Identification of deciduous trees and shrubs in the territory of the village of Zubovo.
	Identification of the main representatives of herbaceous vegetation.
5. Vegetable and animal world reserve "Sholsky forest" (6 hours)		1	5
	general characteristics reserve "Sholsky forest". Plant communities of the reserve. Mosses and lichens. Invertebrates. Fish. Amphibians and reptiles. Birds. Mammals. Rare plant and animal species of the Sholsky Forest Reserve
	Description of the species composition of mammals of the local fauna.
	Description of the species composition of amphibians and reptiles
	Description of the species composition of fish in local reservoirs.
	Compilation of a list of birds of the local fauna.
	Excursion. Acquaintance with the birds of the reserve.
6. Shola River (3 hours)		1	2
	The Shola River, its flora and fauna.
	Studies of the state of the water environment of the Shola River.
	Determination of water quality in the Shola River.
7. Ecology and man (2 hours)		2	1
	Impact of environmental pollution on human health.
	Final lesson.
Total: 34		18	16

Research work:

Medicinal plants with Zubovo.

Purpose: to introduce the biodiversity of medicinal plants growing within the village. Zubovo, to identify their productivity, medicinal value and use among the population.

Composition and quality of water in the Shola river.

Purpose: to introduce the main indicators of water quality; show the role of water in human life; identify substances harmful to health contained in the water.

Water content in the human body. Basic requirements for drinking water. Organoleptic indicators of water. Danger of water pollution. Quality drinking water and human health. Water purification methods.

Ornithological researches of the reserve "Sholsky forest"

Purpose: to introduce the species of birds that live in the reserve near the village. Zubovo, make a list of birds of the local fauna.

Mosses and lichens of the Sholsky Forest Reserve

Purpose: to introduce biodiversity mosses and lichens of the Sholsky forest reserve. To reveal their location, significance, application among the population.

Ecology and us

Security and rational use flora and fauna.

Done: student

9th grade MOUOO

schools in Yusupovo

Tagirova Fluza

leader: teacher

Russian language MOUOO

Schools in Yusupovo

Nigamaeva E.A.

Plan

1. Live nature- the main asset of the Earth.

2. Vegetable world and plant resources.

3. Relationship between flora and fauna.

4. Take care of nature!

Living nature is the main asset of our Earth; human society has developed in its bowels and exists at its expense. It satisfies our nutritional needs and provides the main conditions for the life of people on the planet - the composition of the air environment, protection from cosmic radiation, the purity of water, soil fertility, and climate mitigation.

For humans, the plant world acts as plant resources. These resources, especially forests, are significant in Bashkortostan. Forests occupy about 39% of the region's territory. In neighboring Tatarstan, the area of ​​forests is only 17% of the territory. Timber reserves allow the development of forestry, wood-chemical and other industries.

The water protection role of forests is very important. They accumulate more snow, which feeds the rivers. Especially important for us are mountain forests that feed rivers and protect mountain slopes from erosion. If the forests are depleted, then irreparable damage can be done not only to Bashkortostan, but also to neighboring regions, since the rivers flowing to the plains will dry up.

Forests are the source of life for numerous herbivorous animals, in close connection with which there are also predatory animals.

From negative qualities, somewhat reducing the value of the forest resources of the republic, we note their uneven distribution. About 70% of the forest area falls on Gorny Bashkortostan, where the forest cover reaches more than 80%. As a result of intensive deforestation, the forest area of ​​Bashkortostan has halved over the past century. The steppe vegetation was damaged due to plowing. The steppe areas also suffer from excessive grazing.

Various animals inhabiting the territory of the republic represent animal resources for us. Like vegetation, the animal world is significantly depleted by man. Wild horses, saigas, beavers, and red deer have long since disappeared. The number of bear, otter, mink has decreased. It is sometimes believed that predatory animals bring harm.

Consider the opposite - the positive impact of man on the flora and fauna. This impact is expressed in the protection, rational use and replenishment of plants and animals. Much has been and is being done in this direction.

1. Three reserves have been created - Bashkir State reserve, Shulgantash and South Ural. Rare species of animals and plants are protected on the territory of these reserves.

2. Organized 15 state hunting reserves and 12 reserves for the protection of medicinal plants. 148 natural objects declared natural monuments.

3. The protection and restoration of forests are being decided - field-protective forest plantations are being created, forest plantations are being carried out, work is underway to prevent forest fires, school forestries and green patrols are being created.

4. Much has been done to protect and replenish animals: valuable animals have been settled - American mink, red deer, muskrat, muskrat, river beaver. The elk population is growing.

5. Many animals are taken under protection, for example Brown bear, deer, roe deer, etc.

6. Stocking of lakes, reservoirs and ponds is carried out.

7. There is a fight against poachers who violate the terms and places of hunting, as well as fishing.

There is much more to be done. It is necessary to abandon the consumer attitude to forest resources. In this case, one should note the principle "as much as you need" on the other - "as much as possible". forest resources are called renewable and exhaustible. We can harvest wood only within the limits of the annual growth of forests, and not as much as you need. "Cut down a tree, plant two," foresters say, but, unfortunately, so far an average of 20,000 hectares are planted in the republic, and 27,000 hectares are cut down.

All our activities will help the wildlife of the region well only if each of us is firmly aware of the importance of caring for the forest, meadows, birds, and animals. Communicating with nature, convince yourself: "This is our common, and therefore my forest, my river, lake. I must protect all this. Who will save this world if not me."

Life practice itself suggests: the ecology of nature without the ecology of the soul is unthinkable. We are terribly destroying the vegetation cover of the earth, proud and independent animals, all the beauty that only holds life.

Nature appears before us in all its beauty and grandeur. We admire her, she disinterestedly gives us joy.

But why, then, are there guys who destroy bird nests, clog springs or rivers, break trees? And then they brutally deal with a cat or a dog ...

How should we educate the current rising generation, the generation of the 21st century? How to develop environmental consciousness, careful attitude to nature? This is a difficult task. Not so something to work out in a man environmental habits. After all, we do not understand the behavior of those who pluck a flower and do not think about the fact that this flower is dying. What needs to be done so that forests, fields, rivers, our smaller brothers, animals and birds, do not suffer from the cruel hands of poachers? How to stop from ill-conceived actions? In the end, the human being, a part of nature, will suffer.

What ways, forms and methods are used to educate a person who is not indifferent, who will be a real watchman and master of the natural riches of our planet?

Those who forgive should receive answers to questions: why you can’t throw garbage wherever you can light a fire in the forest, why you need to plant flowers and why you can’t break tree branches, and others.

Dear children and guests! Our conference is dedicated to one of the most topical issues of our time, the relationship of man with nature. (tell 1 sheet and abstract).

Your attention is invited to speak on the following topics: Ecological state of the oil industry in our region, Protection and rational use of flora and fauna, Environmental problems of our region, Protection of the ecological environment is everyone's business.

Literature

1. V.N. Kuznetsov. "Ecology of Russia" Reader. JSC "MDS"

Page 4-5.

2. Khismatov M.F., Sukhov V.P. "Geography of Bashkortostan". Textbook for 9th grade. - Ufa: Kitap. Page 41-43.

Ecology and we Protection and rational use of flora and fauna. Completed by: a student of the 9th grade of the Yusupovo school, Tagirova Fluza Head: Russian teacher

Living nature is the main asset of our Earth; human society has developed in its bowels and exists at its expense. It satisfies our nutritional needs and provides the main conditions for the life of people on the planet - the composition of the air environment, protection from cosmic radiation, the purity of water, soil fertility, and climate mitigation.

For humans, the plant world acts as plant resources. These resources, especially forests, are significant in Bashkortostan. Forests occupy about 39% of the region's territory. In neighboring Tatarstan, the area of ​​forests is only 17% of the territory. Timber reserves allow the development of forestry, wood-chemical and other industries.

The water protection role of forests is very important. They accumulate more snow, which feeds the rivers. Especially important for us are mountain forests that feed rivers and protect mountain slopes from erosion. If the forests are depleted, then irreparable damage can be done not only to Bashkortostan, but also to neighboring regions, since the rivers flowing to the plains will dry up.

Forests are the source of life for numerous herbivorous animals, in close connection with which there are also predatory animals.

Of the negative qualities that somewhat reduce the value of the republic's forest resources, we note their uneven distribution. About 70% of the forest area falls on Gorny Bashkortostan, where the forest cover reaches more than 80%. As a result of intensive deforestation, the forest area of ​​Bashkortostan has halved over the past century. The steppe vegetation was damaged due to plowing. The steppe areas also suffer from excessive grazing.

Various animals inhabiting the territory of the republic represent animal resources for us. Like vegetation, the animal world is significantly depleted by man. Long gone wild horses, saigas, beavers, red deer. The number of bear, otter, mink has decreased. It is sometimes believed that predatory animals bring harm.

Consider the opposite - the positive impact of man on the flora and fauna. This impact is expressed in the protection, rational use and replenishment of plants and animals. Much has been and is being done in this direction.

1. Three reserves have been created - the Bashkir State Reserve, Shulgantash and Yuzhno-Uralsky. Rare species of animals and plants are protected on the territory of these reserves.

2. Organized 15 state hunting reserves and 12 reserves for the protection of medicinal plants. 148 natural sites have been declared natural monuments.

3. Protection and restoration of forests are being decided - field-protective forest plantations are being created, forest plantations are being carried out, work is underway to prevent forest fires, school forestries and green patrols are being created.

4. Much has been done to protect and replenish animals: valuable animals have been settled - American mink, red deer, muskrat, muskrat, river beaver. The elk population is growing.

5. Many animals are taken under protection, for example, brown bear, maral, roe deer, etc.

6. Stocking of lakes, reservoirs and ponds is carried out.

7. There is a fight against poachers who violate the terms and places of hunting, as well as fishing.

There is much more to be done. It is necessary to abandon the consumer attitude to forest resources. In this case, one should note the principle "as much as you need" on the other - "as much as possible". Forest resources are called renewable and exhaustible. We can harvest wood only within the limits of the annual growth of forests, and not as much as you need. "Cut down a tree, plant two," foresters say, but, unfortunately, so far an average of 20,000 hectares are planted in the republic, and 27,000 hectares are cut down.

All our activities will help the wildlife of the region well only if each of us is firmly aware of the importance of caring for the forest, meadows, birds, and animals. Communicating with nature, convince yourself: "This is our common, and therefore my forest, my river, lake. I must protect all this. Who will save this world if not me."

Life practice itself suggests: the ecology of nature without the ecology of the soul is unthinkable. We are terribly destroying the vegetation cover of the earth, proud and independent animals, all the beauty that only holds life.

Nature appears before us in all its beauty and grandeur. We admire her, she disinterestedly gives us joy.

But why, then, are there guys who destroy bird nests, clog springs or rivers, break trees? And then they brutally deal with a cat or a dog ...

How should we educate the current rising generation, the generation of the 21st century? How to develop ecological awareness, respect for nature? This is a difficult task. It is not so to develop ecological habits in a person. After all, we do not understand the behavior of those who pluck a flower and do not think about the fact that this flower is dying. What needs to be done so that forests, fields, rivers, our smaller brothers, animals and birds, do not suffer from the cruel hands of poachers? How to stop from ill-conceived actions? In the end, the human being, a part of nature, will suffer.

What ways, forms and methods are used to educate a person who is not indifferent, who will be a real watchman and master of the natural riches of our planet?

Those who forgive should receive answers to questions: why you can’t throw garbage wherever you can light a fire in the forest, why you need to plant flowers and why you can’t break tree branches, and others.

Dear children and guests! Our conference is dedicated to one of the most pressing issues of our time - the relationship between man and nature. (tell 1 sheet and abstract).

Your attention is invited to speak on the following topics: Ecological state of the oil industry in our region, Protection and rational use of flora and fauna, Environmental problems of our region, Protection of the ecological environment is everyone's business.

Literature

1. V.N. Kuznetsov. "Ecology of Russia" Reader. JSC "MDS"

Page 4-5.

2. Khismatov M.F., Sukhov V.P. "Geography of Bashkortostan". Textbook for 9th grade. - Ufa: Kitap. Page 41-43.

MKOU "Soldier's Basic Comprehensive School"

Fatezhsky district, Kursk region

Extracurricular activity on the topic

"Ecology of the native land"

Target: formation of a responsible attitude to the nature of the native land.

Tasks:

• To bring up a careful attitude of students to the nature of their native land;
• form ecological culture students;
• Replenish students' knowledge of ecology;
• Cultivating a sense of love small homeland and feelings of self-awareness.

Equipment: Presentations, computer, newspapers on environmental theme, physical map Russia, a globe, an exhibition of books, a memo "Rules of conduct in nature", prohibition signs.

The course of the classroom.

Student: Cutting the ice, we change the course of the rivers

We repeat that there is a lot of work,

But, we still come to ask for forgiveness

These rivers, dunes and marshes.

At the gigantic sunrise

At the smallest fry,

As long as you don't feel like thinking about it,

We don't have time for that right now... not yet.

Airfields, piers and platforms,

Forests without birds and lands without water,

Less and less nature

More and more environment.

Teacher: Man is not alone in this world. There is an environment around it. The environment is the water that we drink and of which we are made, this is the air we breathe, this is the soil on which we grow plants, this is the animals that live in nature.

All this existed long before the appearance of man, and with the advent of man, this whole set of objects changed.

The most terrible of catastrophes is man-made, i.e. destruction of man by man. Even at the dawn of the 20th century, V.I. Vernadsky said that humanity is becoming ecological and even cosmic force. And everyone living on Earth can be convinced of the correctness of these words: humanity shakes the earth, changes its appearance. And nature takes revenge on people for such a victory. Land is not a state, it cannot be divided. It is impossible to separate nature. It lives according to its own laws: birds, fish, animals, insects, winds and waters move across the Earth, as they moved hundreds and even tens of thousands of years ago, without asking permission.

There is a lot of water on Earth, but it is necessary for life - fresh water- about 3%. But high yields, human life, all living things and much more depend on prosperity clean water, quality. And for this it is necessary to drill wells, deepen wells, dig channels, build expensive purification systems and, despite this, people suffer without water.

(Appendix No. 1 The value of water Babukhina Anastasia.)

Teacher: The forests are the guardians underground water. Amazing Ability living tree - evaporate moisture, 1 hectare of birch forest evaporates 47 thousand liters of water per day.

The role of the World Ocean is great. We call it "limitless", inexhaustible. But today the ocean is powerless against human activity, and not only because millions of tons of oil during transportation cover the water surfaces of the ocean with an iridescent film.

Clean air is becoming scarce on our planet. Taking oxygen for their needs and throwing out huge clouds carbon dioxide and other gases, man destroys man in man. In Belarus, thyroid disease in children has increased 100 times due to environmental pollution. After all, you can't put the whole of humanity in gas masks, you can't pass the entire atmosphere through filters and you can't fence off one area from another. Atmospheric contamination Chernobyl nuclear power plant reached Chita. On the indivisible Earth, the most indivisible thing is the atmosphere, and its pollution is the universal misfortune of mankind. The earth is not only our breadwinner, it is our home, it is the place where we live, relax, and experience the world. This is the secret of the UNIVERSE. The rhythms of our planet are inextricably linked with the rhythm of life of all living things. And if we, people, do not remember the main thing - the biosphere is an integral formation, and we, with our pride and reasonableness, are only a part of it. And if we want to preserve humanity, we must preserve the nature of the Earth.

It is our duty to remember this. Remember and get involved in the work of protecting nature. This work is in the name of humanity and humanity.

Student: Earth, what is it?

The earth gives birth to transparent streams and streams, millions of stems and ears of corn, sends birds into the clouds, animals into the forests. The earth takes into itself all the rains, snows, fogs, shaggy seeds and smooth grains.

Mighty Volga smooth open spaces,

Not knowing the edge of the expanse of the steppes

Forests, fields, valleys, rivers, mountains,

The whole bright face of my homeland.

Our planet is called earth by misunderstanding. Water accounts for 4/5 of the territory, but it is unevenly distributed on the planet. And it is necessary for people, plants, enterprises. But fresh water is getting scarce.

80% of diseases are associated with the use of poor quality water. The water of rivers, seas, oceans will contain tens of thousands of tons of various harmful salts, toxic substances, oil products.

Teaching: black spots .

The gray-haired ocean rattles the alarm,

He harbors resentment in the depths.

Black spots sway

On a steep, angry wave.

People became strong, like gods,

And the fate of the EARTH is in their hands,

But terrible burns darken

At the globe on the sides

We have long mastered the planet

The new age is marching on.

There are no white spots on the EARTH,

Black. Will you erase, man?

Teacher: The problems of rational use of the resources of the world's oceans can be solved only if all states cooperate closely.

Seas and oceans, rivers and lakes make up 80% of the land surface. Marine plants enrich the air with oxygen more than land plants. Ocean heat affects the Earth's climate. The ocean is the kitchen of the weather.

Student: I dream of a mute as a stone Earth,

And the sky, naked, without a bird,

And the sea without fish and without a ship, Dry, empty eye sockets,

Teacher: The scale of human impact on nature is constantly increasing.

Where is the exit?

Scientists propose to create non-waste production not to drop dirty water into the rivers, at the enterprises to build treatment facilities.

Student: A cry for help.

And nature is again extremely simple,

That is dressed in colorful feathers ....

It's not her beauty that surprises me,

Her patience is amazing.

And when through the asphalt of the petals five

Breaks after midnight, I do not rejoice in the power of the EARTH.

For me, this is first and foremost a cry for help!

Teacher:"Cleanliness is the key to health." And we are scared to imagine what our planet with its streets and cities would have turned into if we had not taken out the garbage. In 10-15 years, it would cover our planet with a layer 5 meters thick. It is impossible to burn waste, because. while soil, air, water are polluted and a lot of toxic gases are released. Speaking of environmental protection, we must also be aware of the health of our apartments in which we spend most our life.

(Annex No. 2 The health of our apartments Igin Nikta.)

Teacher: More expensive than gold, more expensive than silver is the nature surrounding us, and the future of our Earth depends on us!

We are under responsibility

And the whole Earth and the whole country.

The future of our planet EARTH, oceans, fields, seas, lakes, rivers is in our hands.

(Appendix No. 3 Research work. environmental protection from household waste. Gribanova Marina)

Student: The GROUND OF THE EARTH.

Revolving in space in the circle of its orbit,

Not a year, not two, billions of years,

I'm so tired, my flesh is covered

Scars of wounds, there is no living place.

Torments the pitch of my sick soul,

And poisons poison the waters of clean rivers.

All that I had and have

A person considers his good,

I don't need rockets and shells

But my ore goes to them.

And what does the state of Nevada cost me?

His underground explosions are a series,

Why are people so afraid of each other?

What have you forgotten about your Earth?

'Cause I can die and stay

A charred grain of sand in a smoky haze.

WAKE UP, PEOPLE, CALL COUNTRIES TO SAVE ME FROM DEATH!

Teacher: Attitude towards living things is a continuous contradictory act of consciousness, mind, feelings, will of a person. And only in human soul there is a place for beauty. A person becomes more moral due to the fact that he is seized by the desire to preserve and protect the environment.

Save Nature wonderful creations

From careless extermination,

Such is the call! This is our law.

But still he achieves little,

As long as there is no striving for consciousness,

Bringing only destruction into nature.

But we are the masters of our Earth.

Correct use found

By knowing the NATURE of our dear.

From time immemorial, nature has faithfully served man.

Today, the joys and wisdom of nature turn into pain, wealth - loss, kindness - harshness. There is such an expression “flowering land”. This is the name of the land where the knowledge, experience of people, their attachment to nature truly work wonders.

Being in the forest, on the river, follow the rules fire safety, do not allow the breakage of shrubs, felling trees, clogging the area, ruining anthills, nesting birds.

Student: Just take care of this earth

Save the EARTH! Take care!

Butterfly on dodder leaves.

On the path - sun glare,

On the stones of a playing crab.

On the grave, the shadow of the baobab,

The hawk hovering over the field

Crescent above the river expanse,

A swallow flickering in the field!

Take care of the Earth, take care!

Teacher: Guys, now we turn to you. When you are in the forest, fishing, on vacation, in the field, take care of our nature, the nature of our native village.

We will decorate our land, protect it,

Our land will be prettier, flourish.

On vacation (scene)

We came to the river to spend Sunday,

They sit here and they sit there, they rest as they want,

Hundreds of adults and children.

We walked along the bank and found a clearing,

But in a sunny clearing here and there empty jars.

And as if we are evil - even broken glass.

We walked along the bank, found a new place,

But here, before us, they also sat, drank, also ate,

They burned a fire, burned paper, littered and left.

We passed, of course.

"Hey guys!" - shouted Dima, -

Here's a place anywhere

Spring water,

Amazing view, beautiful beach

Unpack your luggage.

We bathed and sunbathed

They burned a fire, played football,

They drank kvass, ate sweets,

They sang songs in a round dance,

And they stayed in the clearing by the extinct fire

Two banks we broke

Two wet donuts

In a word, a mountain of garbage.

We came to the river to spend Monday,

But there is no free place near the river.

And only in the human soul there is a place for beauty.

Nature demands a reward

For precious fruits

And only one thing nature needs

For people to be kind to her

Student: Cry from the heart

I love you big time

But please, listen to me

Don't kill the last bear

Let him walk in the dark depths.

Do not destroy the last swamp

Have mercy on the hunted wolf,

To leave something on Earth.

What hurts in my chest.

Quiz:

What is ecology?

What environmental problems exist in our region, village?

What measures can you suggest to protect the nature of our village?

What measures are being taken to eliminate environmental problems in our village, district?

What rare and protected plants are found in our village, region?

What protected animals of the Kursk region do you know?

What protected animals can be found in the forests of our village?

What are the specially protected areas of the Kursk region?

What can each of us do to improve ecological state our village?

Used Books

1 Encyclopedia "Wikipedia"

2Red Book of the Russian Federation.

3Red Data Book of the Kursk Territory

4 Nature and people M., education 1990

Ecology and us

Protection and rational use of flora and fauna.

Done: student

9th grade MOUOO

schools in Yusupovo

Tagirova Fluza

leader: teacher

Russian language MOUOO

Schools in Yusupovo

Nigamaeva E.A.

Plan

1. Wildlife is the main asset of the Earth.

2. Flora and plant resources.

3. Relationship between flora and fauna.

4. Take care of nature!

Living nature is the main asset of our Earth; human society has developed in its bowels and exists at its expense. It satisfies our nutritional needs and provides the main conditions for the life of people on the planet - the composition of the air environment, protection from cosmic radiation, the purity of water, soil fertility, and climate mitigation.

For humans, the plant world acts as plant resources. These resources, especially forests, are significant in Bashkortostan. Forests occupy about 39% of the region's territory. In neighboring Tatarstan, the area of ​​forests is only 17% of the territory. Timber reserves allow the development of forestry, wood-chemical and other industries.

The water protection role of forests is very important. They accumulate more snow, which feeds the rivers. Especially important for us are mountain forests that feed rivers and protect mountain slopes from erosion. If the forests are depleted, then irreparable damage can be done not only to Bashkortostan, but also to neighboring regions, since the rivers flowing to the plains will dry up.

Forests are the source of life for numerous herbivorous animals, in close connection with which there are also predatory animals.

Of the negative qualities that somewhat reduce the value of the republic's forest resources, we note their uneven distribution. About 70% of the forest area falls on Gorny Bashkortostan, where the forest cover reaches more than 80%. As a result of intensive deforestation, the forest area of ​​Bashkortostan has halved over the past century. The steppe vegetation was damaged due to plowing. The steppe areas also suffer from excessive grazing.

Various animals inhabiting the territory of the republic represent animal resources for us. Like vegetation, the animal world is significantly depleted by man. Wild horses, saigas, beavers, and red deer have long since disappeared. The number of bear, otter, mink has decreased. It is sometimes believed that predatory animals bring harm.

Consider the opposite - the positive impact of man on the flora and fauna. This impact is expressed in the protection, rational use and replenishment of plants and animals. Much has been and is being done in this direction.

1. Three reserves have been created - the Bashkir State Reserve, Shulgantash and Yuzhno-Uralsky. Rare species of animals and plants are protected on the territory of these reserves.

2. Organized 15 state hunting reserves and 12 reserves for the protection of medicinal plants. 148 natural sites have been declared natural monuments.

3. Protection and restoration of forests are being decided - field-protective forest plantations are being created, forest plantations are being carried out, work is underway to prevent forest fires, school forestries and green patrols are being created.

4. Much has been done to protect and replenish animals: valuable animals have been settled - American mink, red deer, muskrat, muskrat, river beaver. The elk population is growing.

5. Many animals are taken under protection, for example, brown bear, maral, roe deer, etc.

6. Stocking of lakes, reservoirs and ponds is carried out.

7. There is a fight against poachers who violate the terms and places of hunting, as well as fishing.

There is much more to be done. It is necessary to abandon the consumer attitude to forest resources. In this case, one should note the principle "as much as you need" on the other - "as much as possible". Forest resources are called renewable and exhaustible. We can harvest wood only within the limits of the annual growth of forests, and not as much as you need. "Cut down a tree, plant two," foresters say, but, unfortunately, so far an average of 20,000 hectares are planted in the republic, and 27,000 hectares are cut down.

All our activities will help the wildlife of the region well only if each of us is firmly aware of the importance of caring for the forest, meadows, birds, and animals. Communicating with nature, convince yourself: "This is our common, and therefore my forest, my river, lake. I must protect all this. Who will save this world if not me."

Life practice itself suggests: the ecology of nature without the ecology of the soul is unthinkable. We are terribly destroying the vegetation cover of the earth, proud and independent animals, all the beauty that only holds life.

Nature appears before us in all its beauty and grandeur. We admire her, she disinterestedly gives us joy.

But why, then, are there guys who destroy bird nests, clog springs or rivers, break trees? And then they brutally deal with a cat or a dog ...

How should we educate the current rising generation, the generation of the 21st century? How to develop ecological awareness, respect for nature? This is a difficult task. It is not so to develop ecological habits in a person. After all, we do not understand the behavior of those who pluck a flower and do not think about the fact that this flower is dying. What needs to be done so that forests, fields, rivers, our smaller brothers, animals and birds, do not suffer from the cruel hands of poachers? How to stop from ill-conceived actions? In the end, the human being, a part of nature, will suffer.

What ways, forms and methods are used to educate a person who is not indifferent, who will be a real watchman and master of the natural riches of our planet?

Those who forgive should receive answers to questions: why you can’t throw garbage wherever you can light a fire in the forest, why you need to plant flowers and why you can’t break tree branches, and others.

Dear children and guests! Our conference is dedicated to one of the most pressing issues of our time - the relationship between man and nature. (tell 1 sheet and abstract).

Your attention is invited to speak on the following topics: Ecological state of the oil industry in our region, Protection and rational use of flora and fauna, Environmental problems of our region, Protection of the ecological environment is everyone's business.

Literature

1. V.N. Kuznetsov. "Ecology of Russia" Reader. JSC "MDS"

Page 4-5.

2. Khismatov M.F., Sukhov V.P. "Geography of Bashkortostan". Textbook for 9th grade. - Ufa: Kitap. Page 41-43.