Locust family. The true locust family is Acrididae. Locust - description of the insect

Locusts - average size or large insects with short antennae, the length of which is usually less than half the length of the body and consisting of a few well-defined segments. The shape of the antennae varies: they are usually thread-like, but can be flattened. A protrusion, a longitudinal carina, runs along the head and pronotum. In locusts, the hearing organ is located on the sides of the first abdominal ring. The tarsi are three-segmented.
Body elongated, slender, head oval, less often conical; parietal fossae various shapes.
The front surface of the head is called the forehead; the forehead can be completely vertical or inclined. A raised frontal rib runs along the middle of the forehead, which can be flat or grooved. Approximately in the middle of the frontal rib is a small simple peephole; two other simple ocelli are placed in the upper corners of the forehead, near the large compound eyes. That part of the upper surface of the head that is between the eyes and in front of them is called the crown; it can be convex or depressed and is sometimes equipped with a raised rib along the middle, which is called the parietal carina. Below the lateral edges of the crown, immediately below them, there are often triangular, quadrangular or oval impressions, the so-called. parietal pits, the presence of silt and the absence of which, as well as their shape, are of great importance in identifying locusts. The back of the head, behind the eyes, is called the occiput. The antennae consist of a small number (no more than 25) of segments and their length does not exceed half the length of the body; the antennae are usually filamentous, but sometimes they are club-shaped or xiphoid.
Prothorax locusts often have a tubercle or appendage between the bases of the front legs. The prothorax is covered on top with a chitinous plate. The upper surface of the pronotum can be flat, convex or roof-shaped, that is, with slopes, like the roof of a house. A raised rib runs along the middle of the pronotum - the median carina, which can be high in the form of a ridge or low - linear. Sides pronotums hanging vertically are called lateral lobes; at the boundary between the lateral blades and top surface pronotum often has so-called lateral carinae, the shape of which is of great importance in identifying locusts; 1-3 transverse grooves run across the pronotum.
Mesothorax and metathorax fused together, but their boundaries are marked by grooves. The metathorax in the middle anteriorly flows into the region of the mesothorax, which consequently forms two lateral lobes of the mesothorax, the shape of which is often important in determination. The front and middle legs are running; the hind legs are jumping, with strongly thickened thighs; the hind tibiae are armed with two rows of spines along the top edges, and in some locusts there is a so-called apical spine on the outside of the apex of the tibia, while in other species it is absent, which is important for identification; At the bottom end of the tibia there are, in addition, two pairs of movable spurs.
Elytra leathery, slightly transparent; their venation is very important in determining; individual veins and fields between them have certain names, for familiarization with which a drawing is attached. The wings are wide, transparent, often painted in bright colors or with a dark pattern. Sometimes the elytra and wings are underdeveloped or absent altogether. Species with shortened elytra and wings can easily be confused with larvae, but upon careful examination one can see that the larvae have only longitudinal wing rudiments
veins diverging fan-shaped from the base, while in adult locusts with shortened elytra, the latter always have transverse veins.
Abdomen quite long, cylindrical. On the sides of the first segment of the abdomen one can see (if the elytra are lifted) a rather large round opening covered by a membrane; This is a tympanic organ, apparently performing the role of an organ of hearing. At the top of the abdomen there are several organs that are very important for distinguishing locusts. The tenth ring of the abdomen carries a pair of non-segmented cerci on the sides on top, which have the shape of elongated cylindrical or conical projections. In the male, the ninth abdominal semiring forms the so-called. the genital plate, which has a more or less conical or obtuse-angled shape, i.e., slightly, sometimes very strongly, narrows towards the apex; in the female, the genital plate is formed by the eighth abdominal semiring and covers the base of the ovipositor, which consists of two pairs (one pair is upper, the other lower) of hard hooks - ovipositor valves. A very important feature is also the so-called. the anal plate, which in males usually has a more or less triangular or oval shape, is flat and is located at the end of the abdomen above the genital plate; the anal plate is formed from the last dorsal semiring of the abdomen.
Wings developed to varying degrees or absent. Hind leg buckets with a characteristic feathery pattern.
Ovipositor very short or almost hidden, consists of 4 valves. The chirping sound is produced by the friction of the hind legs against the front wings.
Locusts eat plants. Among them there are many dangerous pests. However, most locusts are inhabitants of hot countries, and in our temperate climate There are fewer harmful species.
In countries with hot, dry climates, some types of locusts are especially dangerous because they can accumulate and form huge flocks, which along the path of movement or flight destroy all vegetation. In former times, such flocks sometimes flew into the southern regions of our country. Now, thanks to continuous surveillance, they are identified and destroyed in a timely manner.
Locusts, like all orthoptera insects in general, are characterized by incomplete transformation, i.e., development without the pupal stage and the gradual transformation of larvae into an adult state. During the year, our locusts go through only one development cycle, i.e. they have one generation per year.
The overwintering stage of locusts is usually the egg; With rare exceptions, eggs are laid by locusts in the ground, enclosed in a special sac consisting of hardened products of the secretion of the accessory sex glands, often mixed with cemented particles of earth.
This sac with eggs, called the egg capsule, can be very characteristic in its structure in each species of locust, so that by the nature of the egg capsules one can sometimes identify species more easily than by adult specimens of locusts. In the spring, as soon as the snow melts, due to significant warming of the soil cover sun rays, the eggs continue their development, which had stopped in winter, and after some time the larvae hatch; The larvae, emerging from the egg capsule, push apart the particles of earth and gradually emerge onto the earth's surface. These larvae, which have a worm-like shape, providing them with easier penetration through the layer of earth onto the earth's surface, immediately after reaching the surface molt, shedding their skin (the so-called shirt) and turning into a real larva of the 1st instar. Larva 1st instar immediately after molting has a milky white color; Only after some time, from tens of minutes to several hours, does the color of the 1st instar larvae begin to darken, and the higher the air temperature and the stronger the sunlight, the faster the darkening occurs.
The shirts shed by the worm-like larva wrinkle into a small white lump, reminiscent of very small lumps of cotton wool, and in the absence of wind serve as a good indicator of the places where the larvae hatch, if the latter have already left there; they blow away easily in the wind. In addition, piles of shirts located near the location of the egg capsule can serve as milestones, indicating the point where the egg capsule is located, which is sometimes necessary to know, for example, when detailed study places where egg capsules are laid.
Nutrition of larvae The 1st instar does not begin immediately, but after half or even a whole day; after 10 days the larva molts and turns into a 2nd instar larva, which after about the same time also molts, turning into a 3rd instar larva and so on, depending on the number of instars. The number of larval instars ranges from 4 to 6, with most species having 5 instars; in some cases it happens that the male has 4 or 5 instars, and the female, respectively, has 5 or 6 instars. This or that number of instars is quite constant for each locust species, and only occasionally there are exceptions: a species having a certain number of instars sometimes produces individuals with a smaller or greater number of instars by one.
The last larval instar after molting produces an adult locust, which, however, at first is not yet able to reproduce and lay eggs and for final sexual development requires additional nutrition for several, sometimes tens, days.
Larvae of various ages differ from adults by smaller and underdeveloped wings, and a smaller number of antennal segments. In addition, the elytra of the larvae are covered with wings on top, i.e., just the opposite compared to adults.
Differences between males and females in larvae appear already from the 1st instar. In females, on the underside of the apex of the abdomen there are two pairs of plates, which will subsequently give rise to two pairs of ovipositor valves; These plates in the 1st instar are still only strongly incised, but not forked. Males have only one unpaired elongated plate without a cut along the posterior edge, or with a weak blunt cut.
The larvae of the so-called gregarious locusts usually stay in bands, that is, in dense clusters, sometimes very large sizes; in such swarms the larvae move together, stop for the night, etc. In the so-called solitary locusts or grasshoppers, dense swarms are not formed, although quite dense clusters are sometimes observed, reminiscent of swarms of gregarious locusts, but these clusters do not make such transitions from one place to another, like gregarious locusts.
Some time after fledging begins pairing and then laying the egg pods. One female, during the oviposition period, which lasts up to a month or more, can lay up to three or four egg capsules, and in some (if not all) locust species it is observed that in each subsequent clutch the number of eggs decreases noticeably, so that in the last egg capsule There may be half or sometimes three times fewer eggs than in the first egg capsule. After the last egg capsule is laid, the females begin to die out; In general, the extinction of males begins earlier than that of females. To lay eggs, the female makes a hole in the ground with her ovipositor; when laid in a hole, a special foamy liquid is released from the accessory sex glands, which easily compacts in the air and cements particles of earth in the walls of the hole; Sometimes cementation of the earth particles does not occur and the foamy liquid becomes compacted without mixing with the earth. The resulting sac of eggs is called an egg pod; the latter overwinters so that larvae hatch from it in the spring, etc.
Sometimes, however, locust development happens a little differently; the hibernating stage can be a larva or an adult insect, so that accordingly all the development periods of a given locust shift. These locusts, which overwinter as larvae or adults, may be mistaken in the spring by inexperienced people for harmful species, which can lead to a number of misunderstandings. Locusts that hibernate in the larval or adult state include species of clearly tropical origin that do not have a sharp dependence in the timing of development of individual stages on the seasons, in particular on winter.
Locusts are the largest family of herbivorous orthoptera - about 500 species. The family is most richly represented in tropical and subtropical countries; within the CIS there are a relatively small number of species

International scientific name

Acrididae MacLeay, 1819

Description

The main characteristics of the family are the strong and short antennae, as well as the presence of the tympanic organ of hearing on the first abdominal segment. The antennae usually have 19-26 segments; the front of the head (crown) is not cut; pronotum short. There is a sucker between the claws of the paws.

Classification

There are 25 subfamilies in the true locust family:

• Calliptaminae
• Catantopinae
• Copiocerinae
• Coptacridinae
• Egnatiinae
• Eremogryllinae
• Euryphyminae
• Eyprepocnemidinae
• Gomphocerinae
• Habrocneminae
• Hemiacridinae
• Leptysminae
• Marelliinae
• Melanoplinae
• Oedipodinae
• Ommatolampidinae
• Oxyinae
• Pauliniinae
• Proctolabinae
• Rhytidochrotinae
• Spathosterninae
• Teratodinae
• Tropidopolinae

The subfamily Oedipodinae is sometimes described as a separate family Oedipodidae.

Known species

Notes

Literature

• Bey-Bienko G. Ya. Guidelines for locust surveys. L.: Ex. State accounting services OBV Narkozema USSR, 1932. 159 p.
• Bey-Bienko G. Ya., Mishchenko L. L. Locust faunas of the USSR and neighboring countries: in 2 parts / Academy of Sciences of the USSR. - M., L.: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1951. - 379 p. - (Key guides to the fauna of the USSR, published by the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences, issue 38).
• Bey-Bienko G. Ya., Mishchenko L. L. Locust faunas of the USSR and neighboring countries: in 2 parts / Academy of Sciences of the USSR. - M., Leningrad: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1951. - P. 380-667. - (Key guides to the fauna of the USSR, published by the Zoological Museum of the Academy of Sciences, issue 40).
• Dolzhenko V. I. Harmful locusts: biology, means and technology of control. St. Petersburg: VIZR, 2003. 216 p.
• Dolzhenko V. I., Naumovich O. N., Nikulin A. A. Means and technologies for combating harmful locusts: Guidelines. M.: Rosinformagrotekh, 2004. 56 p.
• Mishchenko L. L. Locusts (Catantopinae)// Fauna of the USSR. Orthoptera insects. - M. - L.: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1952. - T. 4, issue. 2. - 610 p. - ( New episode № 54).
• Lachininsky A.V., Sergeev M.G., Childebaev M.K. et al. Locusts of Kazakhstan, Central Asia And adjacent territories. Laramie: Intl. assoc. adj. Acridology and University of Wyoming, 2002. 387 p.
• Sergeev M. G. Patterns of distribution Orthoptera insects North Asia. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1986. 238 p.
• Stolyarov M. V. Strategy and tactics for combating gregarious locusts. / Plant protection and quarantine, 2000, 10. pp. 17-19.
• Danilin A. S. Harmful locusts of Uzbekistan and the fight against them / Ed. A. M. Zemenko; Cotton growing industry in Uzbekistan. SSR. Ch. ex. agricultural propaganda. - Tashkent: State Publishing House of the UzSSR, 1951. - 44 p.
• Uvarov B.P. Grasshoppers and Locusts. A Handbook of General Acridology. Vol. II. London: COPR, 1977, 613 pp.

Links

• Locusts threaten crops in central Yakutia | Eye of the Planet. 14-06-2012
• Family Acrididae(English) in the World Register of Marine Species.

Acanthacris

Acanthacris is a genus of African locust from the subfamily Cyrtacanthacridinae of the true locust family. The orthotype of the genus is Acanthacris ruficornis Fabricius, 1787.

The taxon was described by Boris Petrovich Uvarov in 1924.

Acanthacris ruficornis

Acanthacris ruficornis (lat.) is a species of African locust, orthotype of the genus Acanthacris Uvarov, 1924 of the subfamily Cyrtacanthacridinae of the true locust family.

The species Acanthacris ruficornis is widespread throughout Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. In Europe, it is found only in southern Spain (provinces of Cadiz and Almeria). The distribution of this species is about 14,850 km².

Lives in North Africa: Algeria and Morocco, in West Africa: in Sierra Leone, Guinea, Senegal, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, in East Africa: in Ethiopia, Eritrea, Mozambique, Kenya, Uganda, Sudan, Tanzania, in Central Africa: in Angola, Gabon, Democratic Republic Congo, Republic of the Congo, in South Africa: Namibia, Republic of South Africa, in Madagascar.

The dorsal side of the chest is black, with a yellow stripe along the keel. The drumstick is equipped with teeth on the outside. The insect is similar in description to the migratory locust (Locusta migratoria Linnaeus, 1758), but slightly smaller.

The taxon was described by the Danish entomologist Johann Christian Fabricius in 1787 as Gryllus ruficornis, based on specimens from Sierra Leone.

Acridinae

Acridinae (lat.) - a subfamily of insects of the true locust family (Acrididae) of the order Orthoptera.

Chorthippus jutlandica

Chorthippus jutlandica (lat.) is a grasshopper from the family Acrididae.

It is one of the few species endemic to Denmark. It lives only in a very limited area near Cape Blövandshak in the western part of the country.

Cyrtacanthacridinae

Cyrtacanthacridinae (lat.) - subfamily of the true locust family.

The taxon was described by William Forcell Kirby in 1902. The type genus is Cyrtacanthacris Walker, 1870.

The subfamily includes the red locust (Nomadacris septemfasciata Serville, 1839), common in Sub-Saharan Africa, and the desert locust (Schistocerca gregaria Forssk., 1775) - the most important of all locust species, with a range mass reproduction, stretching from the Atlantic coast of northern Africa through Arabia to Pakistan and India.

Acrida hungarian

Hungarian locust (Acrida ungarica) is a species of locust from the family Acrididae. Distribution: Southwestern Europe. Insects are found in June - October.

Blue-winged filly

The blue-winged filly (lat. Oedipoda caerulescens) is an insect of the true locust family.

Egyptian filly

The Egyptian grasshopper, or Egyptian locust (lat. Anacridium aegyptium) is a species from the genus Anacridium of the True locust family.

Zelenchuk gypsy

Zelenchuk gypsy (Latin: Chrysochraon dispar) is a species of orthoptera insects from the locust family (Acrididae).

Italian Prussian

The Italian locust, or oasis locust, or Italian locust (lat. Calliptamus italicus) is a species of insect from the locust family (Acrididae).

Crimean steppe filly

The Crimean steppe filly (Asiotmethis tauricus) is a filly from the true locust family (Acrididae). Endemic to Crimea.

Cross filly

The cross grasshopper (lat. Arcyptera microptera) is a species of locust from the family Acrididae (Gomphocerinae). Eurasia.

Moroccan locust

The Moroccan locust, or Moroccan locust or Moroccan grasshopper, or Moroccan grasshopper (lat. Dociostaurus maroccanus) is an orthoptera insect of the family Acrididae. Lives in northern Africa, southern and Eastern Europe and western Asia. Leads a solitary lifestyle, but periodically the number increases sharply, the population becomes gregarious and gathers in flocks, which can cause devastation in agricultural areas.

Crackling moth

The crackling moth (lat. Psophus stridulus) is an insect from the family of true locusts of the order Orthoptera.

Desert Locust

The desert locust, or African locust (schistocerca, lat. Schistocerca gregaria) is a species of the genus Schistocercus of the family Acrididae of the subfamily Cyrtacanthacridinae. A pest of agricultural crops in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, causing serious damage agriculture for several millennia. It is perhaps the most dangerous pest of the entire family of True locusts, mainly due to its extreme gluttony, high speed and the flight range of the colonies, as well as the intensity of reproduction (2-5 generations manage to develop in a year). Particularly affected by desert locust pests are countries where agriculture, in particular crop yields, affects big influence on the economic situation and food security.

Locust

Locusts, locusts - several species of insects of the true locust family (Acrididae), capable of forming large flocks(numbering up to hundreds of millions of individuals), migrating over considerable distances. A feature of locust biology is the presence of two phases - solitary and gregarious, differing in morphology and behavioral characteristics.

Family: Acrididae = True locusts

Family: Acrididae = True locusts.

LOCUST FAMILY (Acrididae) They are easily distinguished from all other families. They differ from tetrigids and eumastacids primarily by the presence of a sound apparatus, in addition to the absence of those characters that are specific to these families. At the same time, they have a completely different sculpture of the outer surface of the thighs of the hind legs than that of pamphagids and pyrgomorphids - in the form of feathery platforms regularly located between the carinae.

This family is rich in species: in the fauna of Russia it accounts for about 80% of currently known species. The body shape of true locusts varies greatly depending on whether the species belongs to a particular life form. Essentially, almost all life forms are expressed in this family, excluding only herpetobionts and petrobionts. Among the species common in Russia, over 100 can harm agricultural crops to one degree or another. Of these, the most dangerous are the gregarious forms - migratory locusts, Moroccan locusts, Italian and Turanian locusts, as well as desert locusts that fly in some years from Iran and Afghanistan.

Pruss is the name given to several species of locusts belonging to the genus Calliptamus. These are medium-sized insects, 14.5-48 mm long, with a stocky body, colored in brownish-red tones; the elytra are gray with dark spots, the wings of most species are pink. In addition to gregarious locusts, non-gregarious locusts can also cause significant damage to agriculture, and in various landscape zones they damage certain types fillies. Thus, in the forest-steppe and northern part of the steppe regions of Siberia, the Urals and Northern Kazakhstan Siberian (Gomphocerus sibiricus) and white-striped (Chorthippus albomarginatus) fillies can cause significant harm; V southern steppes Kazakhstan - atbasarka (Dociostaurus kraussi); in the conditions of the Central Asian rainfed - Turkmen (Ramburiella turcomana) and black-striped (Oedaleus decorus) fillies and other species....

Locust- this is big arthropod insect from the true locust family (Acrididae), included in the order Orthoptera, suborder Short-whiskered. In ancient times it was the main threat to crops cultivated plants. Descriptions of locusts are found in the Bible, the works of ancient Egyptian authors, the Koran and treatises of the Middle Ages.

Locust - description of the insect

The locust has an elongated body from 5 to 20 cm long with rear legs bent at the knees, significantly larger in size than the middle and front legs. Two rigid elytra cover a pair of translucent wings, which are difficult to notice when folded. Sometimes they are covered with various patterns. Locusts have shorter antennae than crickets or grasshoppers. The head is large, with big eyes. The sound of locusts is formed as follows: males have special notches located on the surface of the thighs, and special thickenings on the elytra. When they rub against each other, a specific chirping sound is heard, which has a different tonality.

Locust color depends not on genes, but on environment. Even individuals from the same offspring who grew up in different conditions, will differ in color. In addition, the color of the insect’s protective covers depends on the phase of its development. For example, in a solitary stage of life, a male or female locust may have bright green, yellow, gray or brown camouflage coloring and pronounced sexual differences. During the transition to the gregarious phase, the coloration becomes the same for everyone, and sexual dimorphism is leveled out. Locusts fly very quickly: when flying, a swarm of locusts can cover a distance of up to 120 km in one day.

What is the difference between a locust and a grasshopper?

• The locust is an insect from the locust family, suborder short-whiskered, and grasshoppers are part of the grasshopper family, suborder long-whiskered.
• The locust's whiskers and legs are shorter than those of the grasshopper.
• Grasshoppers are predators, and locusts are herbivorous insect. Although sometimes during long flights a locust can eat a weakened individual of the same species.
• The locust leads active image life during the day, and grasshoppers are active at night.
• Locusts harm human agriculture, unlike harmless grasshoppers.
• Locusts lay their eggs in the soil or leaves on the ground, and in the stems of plants or under the bark of trees.

Types of locusts, names and photographs

• (Dociostaurus maroccanus)

the insect is small in size, the body length rarely exceeds 2 cm. The color of adult individuals is reddish-brown, with small dark spots scattered over the body and an unusual light-colored cross-shaped pattern on the back. The hindquarters are pink or yellow on the thighs and red on the lower legs. Despite their miniature size, the Moroccan locust causes enormous damage to farmland and crops, gathering in numerous hordes and destroying absolutely everything that grows on the ground in its path. Lives this type locusts in Africa Central Asia and Algeria, in sultry Egypt, in arid Libya and Morocco. It is found in European countries, for example, in France, Portugal, Spain, Italy and even in the Balkans.

• (Locusta migratoria)

a rather large insect: the body length of mature males is from 3.5 to 5 cm, for females it ranges from 4-6 cm. The color of the Asian locust varies in several colors: there are individuals of bright green, brownish, yellow-green or gray. The wings are almost colorless, except for a slightly pronounced smoky tint and the finest black veins. The thighs of the hind legs are dark brown or blue-black, the lower legs may be beige, reddish or yellow. The habitat of this type of locust covers the entire territory of Europe, Asia Minor and Central Asia, the countries of North Africa, the region Northern China and Korea. Also, the Asian locust lives in the south of Russia, is found in the Caucasus, in the mountains of Kazakhstan, in the south Western Siberia.

• (Schistocerca gregaria )

an insect with a fairly large size - females reach a size of 8 cm, males are slightly smaller - 6 cm in length. The color of the desert locust is dirty yellow, the wings are brown, with many veins. The hind limbs are bright yellow. This type of locust prefers to live in the tropics and subtropics: it is found in North Africa, on the Arabian Peninsula, on the territory of Hindustan and the border regions of the Sahara.

• Italian locust or Prus Italianus (Calliptamus italicus)

The body of an adult locust of this species is medium in size: in males, the body length varies from 1.4 to 2.8 cm, females can reach 4 cm in length. The wings are powerful, highly developed, with sparse veins. The colors of individuals are multifaceted: brick-red, brown, brown, sometimes pale pink tones predominate in the color. Light longitudinal stripes and whitish spots are often visible on the main background. The hind wings and thighs of the hind limbs are pinkish, the lower legs are red or whitish, with transverse stripes of black or dark brown. The habitat of the Italian locust covers almost the entire Mediterranean zone and a significant part of Western Asia. Italian Pruss lives in central Europe and in Western Siberia, lives in Altai, Iran and Afghanistan.

• Rainbow Locust (Phymateus saxosus)

a species of locust that lives on the island of Madagascar. Incredibly bright in color and very poisonous, the rainbow locust reaches a size of 7 cm. The entire body of the insect shimmers with the most different colors– from bright yellow to purple, blue and red, and saturated with toxins. They are produced due to the fact that locusts feed exclusively poisonous plants. Usually large populations This species of locust is found in the foliage of trees or on thickets of milkweed, the juice of which is a favorite delicacy of the rainbow locust.

• Siberian filly (Gomphocerus sibiricus)

the insect is brownish-brown, olive or gray-green in color. The size of an adult female does not exceed 2.5 cm, males are rarely larger than 2.3 cm. The habitat is very wide: the Siberian filly lives in the mountainous areas of Central Asia and the Caucasus, is found in Mongolia and northeast China, and feels comfortable in northern regions of Russia, in particular in Siberia and northern Kazakhstan. The insect causes widespread damage to grain crops, pastures and hayfields.

• Egyptian filly (Anacridium aegyptium)

one of the most large species locusts living in Europe. Females grow up to 6.5-7 cm in length, males are somewhat more modest in size - 30-55 mm. The color of the insect can be gray, light brown or greenish-olive. Hind legs of blue color, and the thighs are bright orange, with distinctive black markings. The eyes of the Egyptian filly always have pronounced black and white stripes. This type of locust lives in the Middle East, in European countries, in North Africa.

• Blue-winged filly (Oedipoda caerulescens)

locusts are medium-sized: the length of an adult female is 2.2-2.8 cm, the male is slightly smaller - 1.5-2.1 cm in length. The filly's wings are very spectacular - bright blue at the base, becoming colorless towards the top. On the surface of the graceful wings there is a beautiful pattern consisting of the thinnest radial stripes of black color. The tibiae of the hind limbs are bluish in color and covered with light spines. The blue-winged filly is widespread in the steppe and forest-steppe regions of Eurasia, lives in the Caucasus and Central Asia, and is found in Western Siberia and China.

True locusts(lat. Acrididae) - a large family of orthoptera insects, including more than 10,000 species, including this one dangerous pest like desert locusts. For the USSR, more than 100 genera and 400 species were indicated. Distributed throughout the world except Antarctica.

• 1 Description
• 2 Classification
• 3 Known species
• 4 Notes
• 5 Literature
• 6 Links

Description

The main characteristics of the family are the strong and short antennae, as well as the presence of the tympanic organ of hearing on the first abdominal segment. antennae, as a rule, 19-26 segments; the front of the head (crown) is not cut; pronotum short. There is a suction cup between the claws of the paws.

Classification

There are 25 subfamilies in the true locust family:

• Acridinae
• Calliptaminae
• Catantopinae
• Copiocerinae
• Coptacridinae
• Cyrtacanthacridinae
• Egnatiinae
• Eremogryllinae
• Euryphyminae
• Eyprepocnemidinae
• Gomphocerinae
  • Species Chorthippus jutlandica
• Habrocneminae
• Hemiacridinae
• Leptysminae
• Marelliinae
• Melanoplinae
  • Species Liladownsia fraile
• Oedipodinae
• Ommatolampidinae
• Oxyinae
• Pauliniinae
• Proctolabinae
• Rhytidochrotinae
• Spathosterninae
• Teratodinae
• Tropidopolinae

The subfamily Oedipodinae is sometimes described as a separate family Oedipodidae.

Known species

• Asian migratory locust
• Italian Prussian
• Moroccan locust
• Desert Locust
• Siberian filly

Notes

1. 1 2 3 Insect key Far East THE USSR. T. I. Primary wingless, ancient winged, with incomplete transformation. / under general ed. P. A. Lera. - L.: “Science”, 1988. - P. 279. - 452 p.
2. Life of animals. Volume 3. Arthropods: trilobites, chelicerates, trachea-breathers. Onychophora / ed. M. S. Gilyarova, F. N. Pravdina. - 2nd ed. - M.: Education, 1984. - P. 191. - 463 p.
3. 1 2 Eades, D. C.; D. Otte; M. M. Cigliano & H. Braun. Acrididae MacLeay, 1821 Orthoptera Species File. Version 5.0/5.0

Literature

• Bey-Bienko G. Ya. Guide to registration of locusts. L.: Ex. State accounting services OBV Narkozema USSR, 1932. 159 p.
• Dolzhenko V.I. Harmful locusts: biology, means and technology of control. St. Petersburg: VIZR, 2003. 216 p.
• Dolzhenko V.I., Naumovich O.N., Nikulin A.A. Means and technologies for combating harmful locusts: Methodological instructions. M.: Rosinformagrotekh, 2004. 56 p.
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