Military units of Tambov. Interspecific center for training and combat use of electronic warfare troops. The interspecific training center for electronic warfare specialists began training young recruits History of electronic warfare troops
Introduction
Strategic Missile Forces- these are not only missile regiments. IN 50th rocket army there were also many other divisions. One of these divisions is 23rd separate electronic warfare battalion (EW), military 01091 , call sign " Attic", is directly related to Ruzhany.
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A battalion was formed in May 1982 year in 49th Missile Division 50 RA. These kinds of units in Missile Forces ah, it wasn’t much, as a senior metrology engineer writes 49th rd lieutenant colonel Yu.Ya. Pokladnev [ 2] :
«... [ It was] new division special purpose- a separate electronic warfare (EW) battalion. In the Strategic Missile Forces only in two divisions - in 7th (Vypolzovskaya) and in our 49th rd, there were such parts. The battalion was stationed at the positions of the former Ruzhansky shelf, was equipped the latest technology, working in the ultrahigh frequency (microwave) region. This technique required a completely new approach...."
What kind of battalion was this, what was its purpose and what relation did it have to the missile forces? To answer these questions, let's go back to the 70s...
How it all began...
Let us turn to the memories of the colonel V.S. Kuznetsova [ 2] :
“In the Armed Forces of the USSR, the concept of electronic warfare (EW) was included in the doctrine of the Armed Forces in 60s years XXth century. IN 1969 year at the Leningrad Military Engineering Academy named after. A.F. Mozhaisky trained the first electronic warfare specialists in the USSR Armed Forces. I was lucky to be among this first graduating class of Reb officers.”
But here they come 70s years. The rapid development of electronics at this time causes an equally rapid development of electronic reconnaissance means. And since the means of “collecting information” (in simple words - means of electronic espionage) are improved, the race in the development of countermeasures naturally begins. Let's add to this that the missiles themselves, the means for aiming and launching them, are increasingly saturated with electronics (namely electronics, and not the simple electrical control automation that was in the R-12 or R-14). On new base systems are also moving combat control and connections. High-precision weapons and guidance systems are appearing in NATO armies (primarily the United States). It becomes clear that the emergence of countermeasures in these years has become an absolute necessity. Electronic countermeasures are becoming "one of the types of combat support".
Exactly at 1970 year in 50 rocket army positions are being introduced head of the electronic countermeasures department (REC) of the association And Assistant Chief of Staff of the Electronic Countermeasures Unit. First boss army electronic warfare department V 1970 Lieutenant Colonel Engineer was appointed Kazantsev A.Ya.
IN 1971 year, by order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Missile Forces, “Manual on electronic countermeasures of the Missile Forces” (NREP-71).
IN March 1972 The General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces conducted a strategic exercise "Ether-72" on the topic “Organization and conduct of electronic warfare (EW) at the beginning and during combat operations,” which involved combat crews from army and division command posts. And the electronic warfare (EW) department is already appearing in the army.
It is this department 50th Army and has been working hard during these years to protect missile systems from detection by radio equipment of NATO front-line aviation.
Between the end 70s and during 80's years, several exercises were held by the USSR Ministry of Defense and the Strategic Missile Forces State Command on electronic warfare issues with the participation 50th RA. Here is just a list of these teachings (given according to the memoirs Yu.Ya. Pokladneva [ 2] ):
1. USSR Ministry of Defense exercise in the Western direction was held in 1976 year with the participation of the Group Soviet troops in Germany, the Northern Group of Soviet Forces in Poland, the Baltic, Belarusian, Moscow military districts and 50th Missile Army. It lasted more than 20 days!
2. Research exercise on stealth of the R-12 missile regiment in the 29th (Šiauliai) rd. Participants: Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment of the BVI(call sign "Compass") and 307th rp. The task of the aviation regiment is to reveal the true location of the missile divisions (RDN) and inflict conditional strikes on them.
3. USSR Ministry of Defense teaching. Management from the Strategic Missile Forces was involved 50th RA and missile regiments 7th row. Goal: Ensure the survivability of missile systems 7th row from precision weapons(WTO). Participants: Reconnaissance regiment "Shatalovo" and SU-24 fighters ( Lipetsk) - aces! Methods of combating are the broadest false means on PU in all frequency ranges (“white noise”).
4. Research exercise in the USSR Armed Forces on methods of survivability of troops from the WTO(The first and last in the Soviet Army). Place: 1). Headquarters of the USSR Ministry of Defense Marshal Soviet Union D.F. Ustinova near the city Riga. 2). Headquarters of the Strategic Missile Forces and 50th RA at headquarters Siauliai missile divisions. Condition of the Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces, Chief Marshal of Artillery Tolubko V.F..: “Suggest what comes to mind, don’t be afraid of nonsense in sentences, talk as much as you can in a time.” This teaching was a manifestation of the intellectual struggle between representatives of different services of the Republic of Armenia and the Strategic Missile Forces.
5. Final check of our army. Head - Chief of the GShRV Colonel General Vishenkov V.M. Assignment of the head of the GShRV: Methods of combating missile systems with cruise missiles.
To solve electronic warfare problems, integrated technical control units (UCCT) were created in the army administration, in 7th, 32nd And 49th rd. Their tasks were to assess the effectiveness and responsibility of commanders for carrying out measures to counter foreign technical reconnaissance equipment (PD IGR) in command and control bodies, units and institutions, and fulfilling information protection requirements.
The birth of the 23rd electronic warfare battalion...
Back to top 80's gg. command 50th missile army it becomes clear that electronic warfare systems need to be concentrated. That is why, for the purpose of electronic cover during 49th rd V May 1982 year is formed 23rd separate electronic warfare battalion. Initially, a vacant site was chosen as its location. 1st rdn 170th rp near the city Lida. But already February 14, 1984 in 403rd Ruzhansky shelf ground complexes are removed R-12, while a decision was made further to the site of the former 2nd Division Regiment Do not use for its intended purpose (for placing missile systems). In this regard, the vacant seat in in the middle 1984 year and redeployed 23rd Electronic Warfare Battalion. It was considered advisable to use the location of apartments for officers not Ruzhany, A Pruzhany. As V. Soroka writes, “...most of the officers and warrant officers lived in Pruzhany in two houses: st. Yubileinaya no. 8 and no. 12. These are typical five-story panel buildings...”. However, from the letters of those who served in the battalion it follows that some of the officers and warrant officers lived in Ruzhanakh. The first commander of the unit was SamaraV.P.
In 1986(?) to ensure the guaranteed delivery of orders and signals to the command posts of units and divisions of the division during combat operations, the formation was introduced into the combat structure 842nd mobile command post “Vybor”(PCP “Vybor”, military unit 34154-Shch, call sign “Galunny”). The temporary location is determined jointly with 23rd separate battalion REB-S, also on the funds of the former 2nd missile division of the 403rd missile regiment, with subsequent movement closer to the center of the division’s position area to the permanent deployment point of the 638th missile regiment (Slonim) for joint basing.
In 1993, in connection with the completion of the transfer of the facilities of the former 638th missile regiment to the municipal property of the Slonim district of the Grodno region, the 842nd command post again returned to the funds of the former 2nd division of the 403rd missile regiment near the city of Ruzhany, and 1171 was also redeployed there separate anti-aircraft missile division (1171st air defense division, military unit 55216, commander of the sub-command A.V. Blinov), armed with Igla MANPADS.
By the end of 1994, the 1171st airborne division and the 842nd command post will be relocated to the urban settlement. Gorny Uletovsky district of the Chita region (ZabVO) and disbanded.
In 1988 he became commander Dedurin Sergey Timofeevich.
 Sergei Timofeevich Dedurin. |
Electronic warfare battalion It was armed with the most modern and efficient mobile equipment, which made it possible to completely paralyze the work of on-board radar stations of front-line aviation.
Vasily Soroka, served in military unit 01091 from January 1989, first as the head of the electronic warfare station, and then as the head of the secret unit. From a letter May 2009:
“... Perhaps the order for formation was signed in May, but the unit celebrated its tenth anniversary August 29, 1992 g. The photo that I attached was taken precisely at this holiday. I can’t remember everyone, but in the center with his wife is the unit commander, Lieutenant Colonel Dedurin Sergey Timofeevich....
I will dwell on this event in more detail, especially since it was remembered from the best side. That day, officers and warrant officers with their families arrived at the unit (those who had served previously were also invited). It all started with the official formation on the parade ground and congratulations to those who distinguished themselves. After which the celebration moved to the shore of the lake. Tents were pitched in a clearing near the lake (separate for children). Dances were held right in the clearing to the rhythms of the VIA from the regiment. What I remember most was the pilaf that the chefs prepared; I have never tried anything like this in my life. It should be said that at that time there was intense heat for a long time, even the water level in the lake dropped very much. Everyone walking was thirsty. They brought a fire truck and everyone came and drank water from the water tap. We drank two cars in one day. The holiday ended in the dark, but it brought the unit together like nothing else..."
And again the memories Colonel V.S. Kuznetsova :
“...in the Strategic Missile Forces, and primarily in our 50th RA, the concept of electronic warfare began to be put into practice, as was repeatedly stated in the orders of the USSR Minister of Defense in 1984-1986. Yes, our army is technical equipment electronic warfare technology and its practical application was an order of magnitude higher than military districts. .. »
“...The pride of our army was the formation of two electronic warfare battalions in the 49th and 7th rows. By the way, these were the first and last electronic warfare battalions in the Strategic Missile Forces. The process of their formation was complex. It was necessary to create new combat units and quickly master methods of combating the survivability of the SPU RSD-10 and OS missile systems...”
“...Having a separate electronic warfare battalion in the 49th (Lida) missile division, with the latest reconnaissance and jamming stations (they were the first in the USSR Armed Forces to enter our battalion), our army, in its tactical and technical capabilities, was capable of covering from enemy aviation strikes against the Lida, Postavy, Pruzhany, and partially Kaunas divisions, and, in general, the entire Belarusian Military District.”
Vasily Soroka, from letters 2008-2009:
“...served in a unit at the site of the second division. After rearmament, the regiment began to be located on the first site, and the electronic warfare battalion was redeployed to the second in 1986(?). From where he was taken to the territory of the Russian Federation on August 8, 1993...”
“... Maybe I’m wrong, but there were three battalions in the Strategic Missile Forces (Pruzhany, Bologoe. Pervomaisk). Ours was different in that it was located on a separate site...”
“...military unit 01091. It was a separate electronic warfare (electronic warfare) battalion and was intended to protect missiles from the air in the event of an attack. The location of the latter is exactly between Ruzhany and Pruzhany on the site of an old missile unit, 5 km from the highway next to some lake. The unit was framed, so there were about 120 soldiers and sergeants, 30 warrant officers and officers. I think the hospital was in Slonim. We didn’t have our own store; a border police officer came once a week. They didn’t go on layoffs or go AWOL because there was nowhere to go. During the entire period, we left the unit five times. Once to Brest, twice to Ruzhany and twice for exercises..."
“... Yes, the officers lived in Ruzhany. The unit was called the Separate Electronic Warfare Battalion, call sign (Attic). The place is absolutely correct, that’s where we were located...”
“... The battalion consisted of two companies and one platoon. An electronic reconnaissance company (short- and long-range radar), a jamming company (three platoons, each with two stations. One, when turned on, gave milk on the screen of the aircraft, the other multiple targets. According to the officers, the weapon is quite effective) and household equipment. platoon I was the ZKV of a short-range reconnaissance platoon (radar station P-19), unfortunately I don’t remember the other brands... Our company commander was Captain Kravchuk. Platoon Lieutenant Marorescu, immediate superior warrant officer Studenichnik. More names: Captain Verchenov, warrant officer Gaiduk... I don’t remember the unit commander (...). Before that, he was the commander of the unit (...), I found him only a week after his arrival at the unit...”
“... From the names, Sergeant Borshch from Sakhnovshchina, Sergeant Chomko, Sergeant Sery (my classmate), we were all in training in the city of Lida, as well as soldiers Vakulenko, Titenko, Roginsky.”
Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
“...The difficulty also lay in the fact that while all army services were involved in the formation of new regiments and the development of new missile technology, the electronic warfare battalions were engaged for the most part head of the army's electronic warfare department, organizational department and personnel department. Young officers came from the Academy. A.F. Mozhaisk and Rostov Higher Engineering School. The command staff is from the ground forces of the Carpathian and Belarusian military districts. These were not the best officers. Ensigns and soldiers by order of the chief of staff, General G.V. Kozlov. They were collected in a hurry, within 2 days from all divisions. Well, which commander will send the best? Subsequently, these shortcomings in the selection of personnel created serious problems in maintaining statutory order and military discipline. However, the process of mastering technology took place high level. The social and living conditions of the personnel were exemplary in comparison with many units of the 49th rd. In the city of Pruzhany, a 75-apartment building was built in a short time for officers, warrant officers and employees of the SA battalion. A freelance brass band has been created. To train the battalion officers, a group of teaching staff from the Kyiv Higher Military School of Air Defense Forces of the Ground Forces was brought in, which conducted retraining courses directly in the battalion for a month. [as V. Soroka clarifies, subsequently station chiefs were trained in different places, and since 1989 in Tambov training center, - ed. ] The first exercise with the battalion was carried out when it was still based in Lida. A column of more than 100 cars stretched along the city streets and fanned out into the territory of the Brest, Grodno, Minsk and Gomel regions. The positions of the jamming stations were located at distances of up to 40 km from each other. At each position there are 6-8 personnel under the command of warrant officers and conscript sergeants, who have not yet been properly studied in a short time and are not technically trained enough. But overall, the exercise went well, and the battalion received initial practice across the entire army complex, incl. and professional activities.
After this exercise, the battalion was relocated to the vacated site of the 1st rdn of the 170th rp near the city of Lida. At one of the exercises, the Chief of the Main Staff of the Strategic Missile Forces, Colonel General Vishenkov V.M. Having arrived at the position of the electronic warfare battalion of the 49th RD, deployed in the positional area of the 32nd RD (and the battalion was “mocking around” among all divisions), I watched its practical actions against aircraft strategic aviation division of General D. Dudayev, based in Tartu. The head of the GShRV highly appreciated the actions of the personnel and equipment: “Yes, this is top-class electronics!”
This battalion, constantly participating in all exercises conducted by the Minister of Defense, the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, showed high efficiency covering the RDN located in field positions. There were also incidents and preconditions for disasters.
Thus, during one of the exercises, the SU-24 aircraft lost its outboard fuel tank and could no longer return to its airfield. The pilot asked to land at Postavy airfield, but reported that he could not see anything due to strong interference. It was night. I immediately gave the order to clear the interference. All stations complied with the order, except one. She “pressed” this plane until it landed.
Of course it was a pilot high class. In the morning, the army commander, Colonel General N.N. Kotlovtsev. asked the pilot to come to the headquarters of the 32nd RD and talk about his feelings and the effectiveness of radio interference. A handsome young major arrived. He was emotionally overwhelmed and confirmed the strong and unexpected impact of the interference. The battalion did not have partners to practice practical tasks. At that time, we had an SU-24 aircraft with frequencies similar to Western ones. In agreement with the commander of the 50th RA and Vinnitsa air army two Su-24 regiments stationed at the Kalinkovichi airfield in Belarus, and our battalion became partners. For training, a combat position was created at the battalion station, through which all the battalion crews underwent practical training, creating interference during training flights of aircraft of these aviation regiments.
One of the regiments carried out actual bombing at its training ground near the city of Ruzhany. At the request of the regiment commander, we brought 2 jamming stations to the training ground area. I was next to the regiment commander at the training ground command post.
When the planes entered the combat course, the pilots felt the effects of interference already 100 km away. For us, the task of disrupting the attack was to unexpectedly interfere with the attackers and to keep the distance from the aircraft to the target as short as possible.
But even when the pilots knew and saw the interference in advance, the results of the attacks remained negative. The regiment commander, seeing the effectiveness of jamming, asked me: “Give me the opportunity to carry out at least one attack with an A!” I remained inexorable: “I want to check the effectiveness of my battalion. And check the effectiveness of your preparation!” The pilots literally shouted on the air: “We see nothing! Remove the interference!"
The regiment commander, seeing this turn of events, said: “You know, tomorrow you and I will no longer be at our posts. At a distance of 10-15 km from the test site there are sleeping settlements. It is possible that bomb attacks will be carried out on them by mistake.” We had to remove the interference, say goodbye to the hospitable hosts of the test site, and the crews of the jamming stations had to return to the station... "
 23rd about reb, V. Soroka with his subordinates 1989-1990 |
“... As for the electronic warfare battalion, the case when the pilots asked to turn off the interference actually happened and I was a direct participant. In the early 90s, a letter came from one of the aviation units with a request to put real interference during bombing. On the day of the flights, we took only one SPN-30 station from the platoon of captain Andrei Ambroshchuk, I went as a driver and operator and took several more soldiers to deploy the station. We clarified which side the attack would be from, chose a location and began to set up the station. They didn’t think of warning the range command about their presence. A UAZ vehicle immediately pulls up and Andrei is taken to the checkpoint. After some time he returned and we continued our work. Only the flight director demanded to establish a wired connection with them, so I had to take the coil and stomp to the control post. They also gave us the frequencies on which negotiations would be conducted with the crews, so that we would be aware, but we were unable to do this. As it turned out, the frequency range of our standard radio station did not coincide with the range of the aircraft.
The flights began in the middle of the day and while it was still bright summer sun They didn’t make any claims to us; they probably worked visually. It’s just not very pleasant to sit in the station and hear bombs falling somewhere a kilometer or two away. Towards evening, either the type of plane changed or visibility became worse, only then the guys started having problems. We took them at the maximum distance and led them until he flew over us. They immediately switched to the next one and everything was repeated. That's when it rang out phone call with the requirement to turn off the high. Then we worked without turning on the interference.
Perhaps this is not the case mentioned in the book, only for exercises the battalion usually dispersed throughout the area by platoon, without using the aviation training ground.
And this, of course, is not the last incident from service in the electronic warfare battalion, but more about them later.... "
Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
“... Our electronic warfare battalion also participated in an experimental exercise with a division located in the village of Tatishchevo, Saratov region, which was led by the head of the Main Airborne Forces, Colonel General V.M. Vishenkov.
We relocated to the training area by rail. The train consisted of 90 cars. It was good training for the personnel of the electronic warfare battalion.
The division was located for at least 100 km along the Volga River. There is no forest, plain and heights, to some of them it was dangerous and difficult to pull 20-ton stations along slopes covered with an oil layer. And this was also a study! Night. Clear sky. As attackers launchers missile division - bombers of the Lipetsk training center. The pilots are aces!
Over the course of 3 nights, planes in 3 echelons approached the launch pads on the road from south to north and back. The electronic warfare battalion's technical equipment was controlled automatically by computers that issued targets to radio jamming stations. And if they “grabbed” this goal, they would never let it go.
Virtually it looked like this: 3 echelons of planes flying from each other at intervals of 10-15 minutes. Then they turn around and walk along the missile division again. The stations “grab” the targets and accompany them with interference. The station's antennas automatically monitor aircraft in altitude and direction. And now the second echelon is rolling in. And again they make a second pass, then the third one is coming. “Electronic porridge” is on the air. What is the purpose of “pressing”? Station antennas shake due to 180° turns in height and 360° turns in direction...
The actions of our battalion during this exercise were assessed very positively and became the “highlight” of this exercise. At this major exercise, many options for the survivability of missile systems against high-precision weapon strikes were tested...”
Since the 23rd electronic warfare battalion fully justified the hopes placed on it and clearly carried out the assigned tasks, it was decided to create another similar unit in the 50th Missile Army. So in December 1985, the 11th separate electronic warfare battalion (military unit 52949) was formed to provide electronic cover for the 7th Missile Division.
Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
“... The 11th electronic warfare battalion in the Strategic Missile Forces was planned to be formed in the Pervomaisk division of the Vinnitsa army. Considering that our army already had this experience, it was formed in the 7th rd. Part of the equipment was transferred there from the 49th rd and officers were selected from the 23rd electronic warfare battalion...”
Thus, the 23rd electronic warfare battalion became the basis of the new, 11th battalion. Colonel V.S. Kuznetsov :
«... Combat training the personnel of electronic warfare battalions was not inferior to other parts of the divisions. And on the parade ground (especially in the 7th row), the electronic warfare battalions were distinguished by excellent drill training and sang their own “electronic warfare” songs. The personnel were proud to belong to the electronic warfare service, and the merit for this, first of all, was the commanders and officers: Major V.I. Pridybaylo. (later chief of staff of the Chita RA), captain Kubay A.V. (after the disbandment of our army - deputy head of the Smolensk customs, and then representative of the Russian Federation in Belarus), captain G.N. Sankuev (now Colonel of Justice, awarded the Weapon of Honor for participation in the fight against terrorism in the Chechen Republic), Captain Rastyapin V.V., chiefs of electronic warfare divisions Lieutenant Colonels Rozhko P.P., Shelukhin V.V., Kolchugin E.N., Chernyavsky V.N., Baranova V.N. A good memory remains of the first chief of the army's electronic warfare, Colonel Alexander Yakovlevich Kazantsev, as a bright and talented personality who laid a solid foundation for the formation and development of the army's electronic warfare service. I had to become his successor and continue his initiatives and developments to improve the electronic warfare system in our army. These were the years of rapid development of electronic warfare in the Armed Forces, which left a positive imprint on the formation of the electronic warfare service in our army and in the Strategic Missile Forces. This is the undoubted merit of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army and the Chief of the Main Staff, the officers of the electronic warfare department of the missile forces, Colonel S.P. Galaktionov, Major General O.N. Karshulin, Colonels E.M. Khromenkov, V.N. Rakov, V.V. Burdonsky. ., Agapov I.I., as well as the officers of the electronic warfare laboratory.
Colonel V.N. Vidov served in the army's electronic warfare service. (became head of electronic warfare of Irkutsk V.A.), Lieutenant Colonel Verlyudov (finished his service as chief of electronic warfare of Omsk RA), Major Kostyuchkov V.A., the previously mentioned captains Kubai A.V. and Sankuev G.N., captains Turkov A.V. and Gromov V.N.
In conclusion, I want to express gratitude and pay tribute to all commanders, chiefs, officers of services and departments of our missile army, officers of divisions and regiments, units and subunits for their understanding and practical implementation of electronic warfare methods and techniques...”
 23rd about reb, V. Soroka with his subordinates 1989-1990 |
Showing concern about the vulnerability of the PGRK, one of the military experts writes: “... It is naive to believe that in modern conditions it is possible to reliably hide a mobile missile system from modern detection means even in the vast expanses of our country. A mobile launcher is, first of all, a metal object more than 24 meters long, about 3.5 meters wide and almost 5 meters high, which also emits a large amount of heat and is a source of electromagnetic radiation simultaneously in a dozen frequency ranges. It must be remembered that a mobile launcher does not have protection even from conventional weapons...” [2].
“... I selected from photo albums all the photos related to my service in the battalion. I’ll scan it and send it in the next letters, I’ll write about the command staff. About half of the battalion left for Russia. The former commander of the electronic warfare company, Captain Andrey Ambroshchuk, lives in Mogilevtsy. There are several more station chiefs in Ruzhany: Yura Zhukovsky and Volodya Krysko. In Pruzhany, the former head of the club is Warrant Officer Yura Osadchiy (all the photographs that I will send were taken by him). I’ll try to meet with them, maybe they can share some information.
I tried to find those who left for Russia through the Odnoklassniki website. I would very much like to know what happened to the fate of the commander, Lieutenant Colonel Sergei Timofeevich Dedurin, the head of communications, Sr. Lt. Dima Vasiltsov, Andrei Morarescu (he left either as chief of staff or deputy for armaments), platoon commanders Sr. Lt. Alexei Verchenov, Volodya Popov , former head headquarters of Simon Pavel Olegovich (he, as far as I remember, transferred to Krasnodar region or Stavropol region)..."
Withdrawal of the battalion to Russia...
The year 1991 could not but influence the fate of the unit... As V. Soroka writes, “... after the collapse of the USSR, there were not enough soldiers in the unit. When the parade of sovereignties began, the majority of our soldiers were Ukrainians and Moldovans. For them, the main thing was to get home. (On vacation, or even relatives came and picked them up by car.) There they were registered with the military registration and enlistment office, included in the national armed forces, and it was impossible to snatch them from there. It was at such a time that drivers in the support platoon, SA employees, telephone operators and many conscripts began to appear in the army ...»
“... When the troops began to be withdrawn, the battalion was among the first to be withdrawn. August 8, 1993. All equipment, property and personnel loaded onto a train and sent to a new duty station on the territory of the Russian Federation. Many translations were carried out in last days before the withdrawal, so I don’t remember exactly who went with whom. ... "
“... The battalion was withdrawn to the Kostroma area. As far as I know, a barracks was allocated for housing for officers, warrant officers and conscripts. Some of the officers rented housing in Kostroma and traveled around railway to the unit every day about 70 km. ... "
According to some reports, the battalion was subsequently disbanded altogether, but this information has not yet been reliably confirmed.
___________________
P.S. New documentary data has appeared about the further fate of the battalion.
It was indeed redeployed to Russia (near Kostroma, 10th Missile Division) in accordance with Defense Ministry Directive No. 314/4/0788 dated June 29, 1993, receiving the conditional unit number of military unit 02004….
Electronic warfare of the Russian Armed Forces. Dossier
Every year on April 15, the Armed Forces (AF) of the Russian Federation celebrate Electronic Warfare Specialist Day - a professional holiday established by a decree of Russian President Vladimir Putin dated May 31, 2006. It was initially celebrated in accordance with the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation Igor Sergeev dated May 3, 1999.
History of electronic warfare troops
The history of the formation of electronic warfare (EW) troops in Russian army counted from April 15 (April 2, O.S.) 1904. On this day, during Russo-Japanese War The signalmen of the squadron battleship Pobeda and the naval telegraph station on Zolotaya Gora managed, by radio interference, to disrupt the radio-corrected bombardment of the Russian squadron and the Port Arthur fortress by the Japanese armored cruisers Nissin and Kasuga.
Since both sides used the same type of spark transmitters, the enemy’s message could be “hammered with a big spark” - more powerful signals from the device. This case was the first in the world military history a step from organizing radio reconnaissance to conducting electronic warfare in combat operations. Subsequently, electronic warfare equipment was actively improved, and the practice of their use expanded significantly.
December 16, 1942 by resolution of the State Defense Committee signed by Commander-in-Chief Joseph Stalin as part of the Military Intelligence Directorate General Staff(General Staff) of the Red Army, a Department was formed to manage the operation of jamming radio stations and the task was set to form three radio divisions with the means to “clog” enemy radio stations - the first electronic warfare units in the USSR army.
On November 4, 1953, the office of the Assistant Chief of the General Staff for electronic intelligence and interference was created. Subsequently, it was reorganized several times and changed names (9th Department of the Main Directorate of the General Staff, Electronic Countermeasures Service of the General Staff, 5th Directorate of the General Staff, Electronic Warfare Directorate of the Main Directorate of ACS and Electronic Warfare of the General Staff, etc.).
Current state
Spectrum of modern tasks electronic warfare troops includes electronic reconnaissance and destruction of electronic means of enemy command and control systems, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of ongoing measures electronic defense their strengths and resources.
During the large-scale reform of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which began in 2008, a vertically integrated electronic warfare system was formed, and its general management is carried out by the Directorate of the Chief of Electronic Warfare Troops of the Russian Armed Forces. Ground and aviation units and electronic warfare units are part of Special troops RF Armed Forces.
IN Ground forces separate electronic warfare brigades of four battalions have been formed in all four military districts. The brigades are armed with the Leer-2 and Leer-3 complexes with Orlan-10 drones, allowing reconnaissance and suppression of tactical radio communications and cellular communication. The electronic warfare unit is also part of a separate motorized rifle Arctic brigade as part of the United strategic command"North".
There are separate electronic warfare companies in each of the reformed motorized rifle units. tank brigades and divisions, as well as in most brigades and divisions Airborne troops(Airborne Forces). By 2017, all airborne formations will receive electronic warfare companies, and by 2020 they are planned to be re-equipped with new equipment.
In the Navy (Navy), ground-based EW forces are organized into separate EW centers across all four fleets. In the Aerospace Forces (VKS) separate battalions Electronic warfare is part of the air force and air defense armies.
Technical equipment
Electronic warfare equipment for the RF Armed Forces is being developed by JSC Concern Radioelectronic Technologies (JSC KRET), which in 2009-2012. united Russian defense enterprises producing military radio electronics. In 2010-2013 State tests of 18 new models of electronic warfare equipment were successfully completed.
Since 2015, electronic warfare units have been equipped with new technical means of radio suppression of communications, radar and navigation, protection against high-precision weapons, control and support equipment: “Krasukha-2O”, “Murmansk-BN”, “Borisoglebsk-2”, “Krasukha” complexes - C4”, “Svet-KU”, “Infauna”, “Judoist”, etc.
The troops are supplied with Mi-8MTPR-1 helicopters equipped with Rychag-AV electronic warfare systems (such machines, in particular, can protect military aircraft transport aviation). The Vitebsk electronic warfare systems are equipped on the Su-25SM attack aircraft being modernized for the needs of the Russian Aerospace Forces, and individual elements of the complex are installed on the Ka-52, Mi-28, Mi-8MT, Mi-26 and Mi-26T2 helicopters.
The Su-34 front-line bomber is equipped with the Khibiny electronic countermeasures complex. Project 20380 corvettes, which are currently joining the Russian Navy, carry TK-25-2 and PK-10 “Smely” electronic warfare systems; Project 22350 frigates under construction are equipped with TK-28 and “Prosvet-M” systems.
The current state weapons program provides for bringing the level of provision of electronic warfare forces with advanced equipment to 70% by 2020.
Share of the latest electronic warfare equipment
Share modern technology in electronic warfare troops in 2016 was 46%. In accordance with the plans for equipping electronic warfare units under the state defense order, about 300 basic types of equipment and more than 1 thousand small-sized equipment were delivered to the troops.
The measures taken made it possible to re-equip 45% of military units and electronic warfare units with modern systems, such as “Murmansk-BN”, “Krasukha”, “Borisoglebsk-2” and others.
These are practically all groups of electronic warfare technology: radio suppression technology, radar and radio navigation, protection against high-tech weapons, control and support equipment. Considerable attention is paid to the development of electronic warfare technology against unmanned aerial vehicles.
Educational establishments
The training of officers for the electronic warfare forces of the Russian Armed Forces is carried out by the educational and scientific center "Air Force Academy named after Professor N. E. Zhukovsky and Yu. A. Gagarin" in Voronezh, junior electronic warfare specialists for all types and branches of the Russian Armed Forces are trained at the Interspecific Training Center And combat use electronic warfare troops in Tambov.
On the basis of the center, a scientific company was created in 2015, in which graduates of the country’s leading specialized universities serve for military service, combining it with research on the topic of electronic warfare. In 2016, a new integral educational center will be equipped on the territory of the Interspecies Center training complex"Result."
Management
Chief of the Electronic Warfare Troops of the Russian Armed Forces - Major General Yuri Lastochkin (since August 2014).
Aviation electronic warfare systems
As the former head of the electronic warfare service said: Air Force, now Advisor to the First Deputy General Director of the Concern “Radio-Electronic Technologies” (KRET) Vladimir Mikheev, the survivability of aircraft with modern complexes EW increases by 20-25 times.
If earlier active jamming stations (APS) were installed on aircraft, today all aircraft are equipped with airborne defense systems (ADS). Their main difference from SAP is that the BKO is fully integrated and interfaced with all the avionics of an airplane, helicopter or drone.
Defense systems exchange all necessary information with on-board computers:
About the flight combat missions,
about the goals and flight routes of the protected object,
about the capabilities of your weapon,
about the real radio-electronic situation on the air,
about potential threats.
In the event of any danger, they can adjust the route so that the protected object does not enter the fire zone, ensuring electronic destruction (suppression) of the most dangerous enemy air defense systems and aircraft, while simultaneously increasing the combat effectiveness of their weapons.
"Vitebsk"
Complex "Vitebsk"
One of the most effective airborne defense systems. It is designed to protect airplanes and helicopters from anti-aircraft missiles with radar and optical (thermal) guidance heads.
"Vitebsk" is installed on:
Upgraded Su-25SM attack aircraft,
attack helicopters Ka-52, Mi-28N,
transport and combat helicopters of the Mi-8 family,
heavy transport helicopters Mi-26 and Mi-26T2,
special and civil aircraft and helicopters of domestic production.
The new modification of the Vitebsk, which is just beginning to enter service with the troops, will be installed on board transport aircraft and helicopters.
It is planned to equip the Il-76, Il-78, An-72, An-124, already in service with the Russian Aerospace Forces, with this system, as well as the promising Il-112V transport aircraft.
The implementation of this program will allow short time significantly increase the combat stability of transport aviation of the Russian Aerospace Forces.
The Vitebsk complex is already equipped with Ka-52 and Mi-28 attack helicopters, Su-25 attack aircraft, Mi-8MTV and Mi-8AMTSh transport and combat helicopters. It is designed to protect aircraft from enemy anti-aircraft missiles with infrared, radar or combined homing heads. This system allows you to track a missile launch within a radius of several hundred kilometers from the aircraft and “move” the missile away from the target.
In the future, "Vitebsk" will receive military transport aircraft type Il-76MD-90A.
IL-76. Photo: Anton Novoderezhkin/TASS
There is also an export version of the complex called “President-S”, which is very popular in the foreign market and is supplied to a number of countries that operate Russian aircraft.
The President-S airborne defense complex is designed for individual protection of military and civil aircraft and helicopters from damage by aviation and anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as anti-aircraft missiles. artillery systems Enemy land and sea based air defense. "President-S", in particular, is installed on Ka-52, Mi-28 and Mi-26 helicopters.
The complex is capable of identifying the threat of an attack on a protected aircraft by enemy fighters, anti-aircraft missiles and artillery systems. It can engage and suppress the optical homing heads of aircraft and anti-aircraft guided missiles, including the homing heads of man-portable anti-aircraft missile systems.
"Lever-AV"
Electronic warfare complex "Lychag-AV". Photo: KRET.
According to the deputy general director of the Kazan Optical-Mechanical Plant, which produces this equipment, Alexey Panin, deliveries of the basic version of the modernized electronic warfare (EW) complexes "Lychag-AV" on the Mi-8MTPR-1 helicopter will be ensured in the near future.
Currently, the Radioelectronic Technologies concern is completing development work on this product.
It is planned to produce new electronic warfare systems on KamAZ truck chassis.
Previously, the Russian military received ahead of schedule three Mi-8MTPR-1 electronic warfare helicopters, the equipment of which allows them to protect groups of aircraft, ships and ground equipment from air attacks within a radius of several hundred kilometers, suppressing several targets at once.
“Lychag-AV” actually provides electronic suppression of the guidance system of enemy aircraft and ground targets, that is, it can “blind” them.
In conditions of interference from the “Lever” system, anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as enemy aircraft interception systems, are deprived of the ability to detect any targets and direct guided missiles of the “air-to-air”, “ground-to-air” and “air-to-ground” classes at them, when This increases the survivability and combat effectiveness of its aircraft significantly.
The carrier of this complex is the most widespread Russian helicopter Mi-8.
A specialized helicopter is a jammer, whose main task is to provide electronic jamming and create a false situation to cover their aircraft or helicopters, as well as protect the most important ground objects.
"Khibiny"
In 2013, the Khibiny electronic suppression complex, designed to protect aircraft from air defense systems, entered service with the Russian Armed Forces.
The Khibiny complex differs from the previous generation stations in its increased power and intelligence. It is capable of helping to control the aircraft's weapons, create a false electronic environment, and also ensure a breakthrough of the enemy's layered air defense.
This happened with American destroyer Donald Cook in 2014, when a Su-24 aircraft was escorted by naval air defense systems.
Then information appeared on the ship's radars, which put the crew in a dead end. The plane either disappeared from the screens, then suddenly changed its location and speed, or created electronic clones of additional targets. At the same time, information and combat systems The destroyer's weapon controls were practically blocked. Considering that the ship was located 12 thousand km from US territory in the Black Sea, it is not difficult to imagine the feelings that the sailors experienced on this ship.
Currently in development is a new Khibiny-U complex for front-line aircraft, in particular the Su-30SM.
"Himalayas"
This complex is a further development of the Khibiny, it is “tailored” for the fifth generation T-50 aircraft (PAK FA).
T-50 fighter. Photo: Sergey Bobylev/TASS
Its main difference from its predecessor is that the Khibiny is a kind of container that is suspended on the wing, occupying a certain suspension point, while the Himalaya is completely integrated into the side and is made in the form of separate elements of the aircraft fuselage.
The antenna systems of the complex are built on the principle of “smart plating” and allow them to perform several functions at once: reconnaissance, electronic warfare, location, etc. The complex will be able to actively and passively interfere with the infrared homing heads of modern missiles, as well as modern and future radar stations.
The characteristics of this complex are still classified, since the T-50 aircraft is the latest fifth-generation fighter and has not yet been adopted by the Russian Aerospace Forces.
Su-34 is equipped with electronic warfare
In 2016, the Russian Ministry of Defense received several complexes that make it possible to turn the Su-34 bomber into an electronic warfare (EW) aircraft.
This complex allows the aircraft to protect not only itself, but the entire formation. Thanks to these complexes, aircraft survivability increases by 20-25%.
Su-34 fighter-bomber. Photo: KRET.
Ground-based electronic warfare systems
Modern ground-based electronic warfare systems operate in digital signal processing mode, which helps to significantly increase their efficiency.
Digital technology has a large electronic memory library and reports to the operator the types of enemy equipment, and also offers him the most effective jamming signals and optimal algorithms for possible counteraction.
Previously, the operator of an electronic warfare station independently had to determine the type of object being tracked based on the characteristics of the reconnaissance signal and select the type of interference for it.
"Krasukha-S4"
This complex incorporates all the best from electronic warfare equipment of previous generations. In particular, “Krasukha” inherited a unique antenna system from its predecessor, the SPN-30 jamming station.
Another advantage new system is almost complete automation. If previously the system was controlled manually, then “Krasukha-4” implements the principle: “don’t touch the equipment, and it won’t let you down,” that is, the role of the operator is reduced to that of an observer, and the main mode of operation is centralized automated control.
Complex "Krasukha-S4". Photo: Rostec State Corporation.
The main purpose of the Krasukha-S4 is to cover command posts, troop groups, air defense systems, important industrial facilities from airborne radar reconnaissance and high-precision weapons.
The capabilities of the complex’s broadband active jamming station make it possible to effectively combat all modern radar stations used by aircraft various types, as well as cruise missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles.
"Krasukha-20"
This version of the Krasukha is designed for electronic jamming of the American AWACS long-range radar detection and control systems (AWACS).
AWACS is a powerful reconnaissance and control aircraft with an entire crew on board. In order to “blind” this plane, a lot of energy is needed. So, the power and intelligence of the second Krasukha will be enough to compete with this aircraft.
The entire complex deploys within minutes, without human intervention, and once deployed it is capable of “turning off” AWACS at a distance of several hundred kilometers.
"Moscow-1"
Complex "Moscow-1". Photo by KRET.
The complex is designed for conducting electronic reconnaissance (passive radar), interacting and exchanging information with command posts of anti-aircraft missile and radio-technical troops, aviation guidance posts, issuing target designation and controlling jamming units and individual electronic suppression equipment.
Moskva-1 includes a reconnaissance module and a control center for jamming units (stations).
The complex is capable of:
Carry radio and electronic reconnaissance at a distance of up to 400 km,
classify all radio-emitting means according to the degree of danger,
provide route support,
ensure targeted distribution and display of all information,
provide feedback control over the performance of units and individual electronic warfare assets that he manages.
The "debut" of the "Moscow" complexes took place in March 2016 as part of joint tactical exercises air defense and aviation forces in the Astrakhan region.
Electronic warfare "Rtut-BM". Photo: Press service of the Rostec State Corporation.
The state defense order for the Moskva-1 and Rtut-BM electronic warfare systems was completed ahead of schedule. In 2015, the Russian army received nine Moskva-1 electronic warfare systems.
"Infauna"
The complex, developed by the United Instrument-Making Corporation (UIC), provides radio reconnaissance and radio suppression, protection of manpower, armored and automotive vehicles from targeted fire from melee weapons and grenade launchers, as well as from radio-controlled mine-explosive devices.
Wide-range radio reconnaissance equipment significantly increases the radius of protection of covered mobile objects from radio-controlled mines. The ability to install aerosol curtains allows you to protect equipment from high-precision weapons with video and laser guidance systems.
Currently, these complexes on a unified wheeled chassis K1Sh1 (BTR-80 base) are mass-produced and supplied to various units of the Armed Forces.
"Borisoglebsk-2"
Complex "Borisoglebsk-2". Photo: Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
This electronic warfare complex (RES), also developed by the military-industrial complex, forms the technical basis of the electronic warfare units of tactical formations.
Designed for radio reconnaissance and radio suppression of HF, VHF terrestrial and aviation radio communication lines, subscriber terminals of cellular and trunk communications at tactical and operational-tactical control levels.
The complex is based on three types of jamming stations and a control center located on MT-LBu armored personnel carriers, a traditional tracked base for ground-based electronic warfare systems. Each complex includes up to nine units of mobile equipment.
The complex implements fundamentally new technical solutions for constructing radio reconnaissance equipment and automated control systems. In particular, broadband energetically and structurally covert signals are used, providing noise-free and high-speed data transmission.
The range of scouted and suppressed frequencies has been expanded more than twice as compared to previously supplied jamming stations, and the frequency detection speed has been increased by more than 100 times.
Marine electronic warfare systems
These complexes are designed to protect ships of various classes from reconnaissance and fire damage. Their peculiarity lies in the fact that for each ship, depending on its type, displacement, as well as the tasks it solves, there is a special set of electronic warfare equipment.
The ship complexes include:
Radio and electronic intelligence stations,
active and passive electronic warfare equipment,
machines that provide camouflage of the ship in various physical fields,
devices for shooting false targets, etc.
All these systems are integrated with the ship's fire and information systems to increase the survivability and combat effectiveness of the ship.
TK-25E and MP-405E
They are the main ship-based electronic warfare systems. Provide protection against the use of airborne and ship-based radio-controlled weapons by creating active and passive interference.
TK-25E provides the creation of pulsed deception and imitation interference using digital copies of signals for ships of all main classes. The complex is capable of simultaneously analyzing up to 256 targets and providing effective protection ship.
MP-405E– for equipping small displacement ships.
It is capable of preventing detection, analyzing, and classifying types of emitting radio-electronic equipment and their carriers according to the degree of danger, as well as providing electronic suppression of all modern and promising means of reconnaissance and destruction of the enemy.
Russian electronic warfare technology is superior to Western analogues
Photo: Donat Sorokin/TASS
Russian electronic warfare technology is superior Western analogues according to a number of characteristics, including range.
To the main advantages domestic technology electronic warfare compared to foreign analogues can be attributed to its greater range, which is achieved through the use of more powerful transmitting devices and more efficient antenna systems.
Russian electronic warfare equipment has advantages in terms of the number of objects affected, the possibility of its more effective combat use due to the implementation of a flexible control structure, both for electronic warfare systems and individual types of equipment operating autonomously and as part of paired pairs.
The material was prepared on the basis of open sources of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation,
Rostec State Corporation, Radioelectronic Technologies Concern and TASS.
Overall material rating: 5
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"Infauna": a weapon that "knocks out" an entire fleet
It's amazing how quickly everything is changing in the field of Russian military electronics, electronic warfare and similar equipment in the Russian army. Some time ago, all they said was that in Russia they only use the groundwork developed in the Soviet Union. But look, it would seem just four years ago, they wrote a lot about “Khibiny”.
And now these unique electronic warfare systems are being replaced by the troops with new and more modern ones. The details are simply amazing...
Electronic warfare (EW) troops received a multifunctional transformer station. Mobile complexes "Divnomorye" suppress locators and other onboard radio-electronic systems of aircraft, helicopters and drones. The station also creates powerful interference for the “flying radars” - E-3 AWACS, E-2 Hawkeye and E-8 JSTAR. Depending on the target, the system selects the type of interference and the method of setting it up, which is why it received the nickname “transformer station” among the troops. According to experts, the new product will take Russian electronic warfare forces to a new technological level.
As the Ministry of Defense told Izvestia, the first Divnomorye electronic warfare systems will enter service with the troops this year. They have already passed tests and trial operation. Specialists are currently being trained to work on the new equipment.
New complex capable of shielding objects over an area of several hundred kilometers from radar detection with an “umbrella” of interference. This is enough to reliably cover command posts, troop groups, air defense systems, and important industrial and administrative-political facilities. The station effectively counters air and ground detection systems. The new product can “clog” with powerful interference the equipment of several radar aircraft at a distance of several hundred kilometers. It is also capable of effectively influencing spy satellites.
It is planned that Divnomorye will replace three electronic warfare systems in the army at once: Moskva, Krasukha-2 and Krasukha-4. It is noteworthy that these systems began to arrive in units only five years ago, in 2013.
— “Moscow”, “Krasukha-2” and “Krasukha-4” are the so-called C complexes, that is, aircraft. They are designed to combat aircraft radars, as well as communication and information transmission systems,” Dmitry Kornev, editor-in-chief of the Internet project Militaryrussia, told Izvestia. — In fact, these stations form a single complex. "Moskva" detects the enemy, determines the type and characteristics of its radio-electronic equipment. This data is transmitted to other systems. "Krasukha-2" is responsible for combating long-range radar detection aircraft. Therefore, it is equipped with a huge parabolic antenna. "Krasukha-4" interferes with other types of aircraft.
"Divnomorye" is at the same time a high-tech command post, a radio intelligence station and a powerful means of suppression. The complex includes only one vehicle on an all-terrain chassis. The system deploys into combat position in just a few minutes. This makes her highly mobile and virtually invulnerable. The complex secretly moves to an advantageous position, carries out a combat mission and quietly escapes from attack.
The main advantage of Divnomorye is full automation. When a target is detected, the system independently analyzes the signal and determines its type, direction and radiation power. Based on these data, the tactical and technical characteristics of the object are determined. After this, the automation draws up a suppression plan and independently selects the most effective type of interference. Next, the system affects the enemy radar with powerful noise radiation.
The creation of universal and robotic means is the main main direction in the development of Russian electronic warfare forces, noted military historian Dmitry Boltenkov.
“Divnomorye takes domestic electronic warfare systems to a new technological level,” the expert noted. “The complex is capable of suppressing a wide range of targets and operating autonomously with minimal human participation.
Today Russia is considered one of the leading powers in terms of the level of development of electronic warfare systems. By 2020, it is planned to update more than two-thirds of the equipment in the electronic warfare troops.
The bomber air regiment of the Western Military District (WMD), stationed in the Voronezh region, received improved Khibiny complexes for modernization.
As a result of modernization, the electronic warfare (EW) capabilities of the Su-34 multifunctional front-line bomber have been significantly expanded. The new complex made it possible to increase the capabilities of front-line aviation of the Western Military District by installing an additional special container on the aircraft.
The previous generation of electronic warfare systems "Khibiny" were intended only to protect the bomber itself, but now they have acquired the capability of group protection of aircraft.
Also, Su-34 crews will be able to automatically interact with ground-based interspecific troop groups and other aircraft - airplanes and drones.
Modern experience in the combat use of aircraft equipped with a new generation of electronic warfare systems will expand the combat potential of the aircraft and optimize the work of units during maneuvering air battles. Also, the improved Khibiny electronic warfare systems will improve the survivability of the crew of Su-34 bombers due to the possibility of uninterrupted long-range launches, the press service of the Western Military District reports.
sources
Located in the village of Stroitel, Tambov region, not far from the regional center. The unit is stationed 15th separate electronic warfare brigade(EW). It carries out deliberate influence on enemy radio-electronic objects and defense own systems control of troops and weapons using radio emission. Distinctive characteristic Electronic warfare is the remoteness of information operations, during which personnel are significantly removed from the target.
History of military unit 71615
The term “electronic warfare” first appeared in Russia in 1969, although radio communications began to be used to counter the enemy at the beginning of the 20th century. IN separate species troops, units and units of electronic warfare were allocated only 40 years later. In 2009 On the basis of the 225th separate electronic warfare regiment, located at that time, in military unit 64055, in Novomoskovsk, Tula region, the 15th electronic warfare brigade was formed. On April 21, 2011, she received a combat symbol - Battle Banner, and in the same year was relocated to Tambov region to military unit 71615.
Service in the 15th separate electronic warfare brigade
Military unit 71615 was located on the territory of the former Tambov Military School, which is why the village of Stroitel is called “Infantry” by local residents. The premises of the educational institution were ideal for housing the administrative apparatus, classrooms and barracks. Accommodation in the barracks is quite comfortable, each has: 4 shower rooms, 1 rest room and a room for sports. Military personnel serving under contract are housed separately from conscripts. Some of the economic duties are performed by civilian workers. Fighters are involved in them only once a week - on Saturdays.
Upon arrival at the unit, within a period not exceeding 30 days, recruits master the young fighter course, after which they are sworn in. Traditionally, the military oath ceremony is held on Saturdays and relatives are allowed to attend.
Periodically, military personnel are taken to field exercises, which usually take place at the training ground in the village of Tregulyai, 5 km away. from Tambov.
Military personnel's allowances are transferred to the VTB Bank card, for "contract soldiers" - 2 times a month, for "conscripts" - once.
Medical care and nutrition
Every day, the unit conducts an inspection of the rank and file to identify diseases or bodily injuries, which is one of the measures to prevent hazing, which, according to those who have been to the unit, does not exist here. Medical care and treatment are carried out in the infirmary at the unit or in a military hospital in Tambov.
There is a canteen and a tea room in the part. Great importance is paid to the quality of food, so it is constantly checked for compliance with sanitary standards.