Distance learning speech therapy. Special (defectological) education. Defectologist: where and by whom he works

reference

"Speech therapy" - the word Greek origin, it is translated as the education of correct speech. The profession of a speech therapist was considered rare 50 years ago, but this does not mean that earlier people did not have speech defects. Contemporaries of the 17th century seriously thought about this problem, but they believed that only doctors could correct the shortcomings of speech.

With the advent of speech therapists, a person has acquired the opportunity to get rid of the complexes caused by his incorrect speech, and fully communicate with others.

Demand for the profession

Quite in demand

Representatives of the profession speech therapist are in high demand in the labor market. Despite the fact that universities graduate a large number of specialists in this field, many companies and many enterprises require qualified Speech therapists.

Description of activity

Speech therapists work with both children and adults with speech impairments (inability to pronounce certain sounds, stuttering, etc.). First of all, the specialist determines the cause of speech deficiencies. To do this, you need to know how the speech cavity is arranged, how sounds are reproduced, and a voice is formed. Next, the speech therapist conducts a whole course of classes with the patient. He chooses exercises for them on his own. All this work takes a lot of time: half a year or more.

Wage

average for Russia:average in Moscow:average for St. Petersburg:

The uniqueness of the profession

Pretty common

The majority of respondents believe that the profession speech therapist can not be called rare, in our country it is quite common. For several years, the labor market has seen a demand for representatives of the profession speech therapist despite the fact that a lot of specialists graduate every year.

What kind of education is needed

Higher professional education

The survey data show that for work in the profession speech therapist you must have a diploma of higher professional education in the relevant specialty or in a specialty that allows you to work speech therapist(adjacent or similar specialty). Medium vocational education not enough to be speech therapist.

Job responsibilities

To eliminate speech defects, a speech therapist must determine the cause of their appearance. At the same time, he should also pay attention to the level of human development: how literate he is, and to what extent he is rich. lexicon. A good speech therapist knows everything about the correct position of the lips and tongue when speaking, he knows a lot of tongue twisters and exercises for working on speech - he actively applies all his skills while working with the patient. Classes with a speech therapist can be conducted both individually (with one person) and in a group of people.

Type of labor

Exceptional mental work

Profession speech therapist refers to professions of exclusively mental (creative or intellectual labor). In the process of work, activity is important sensory systems, attention, memory, activation of thinking and emotional sphere. Speech therapists distinguished by erudition, curiosity, rationality, analytical mindset.

Career Opportunities

Minimum career opportunities

According to the results of the survey, Speech therapists have minimal career opportunities. It does not depend on the person at all, just a profession speech therapist does not have a career path.

What is a speech pathologist? What is his job? What is his salary? What exams do you need to pass to study for it? We will try to answer these and many other questions below. After all, many people who are thinking about working in the field of pedagogy are also worried about the question of a possible job as a speech therapist. This profession is in high demand and preschool institutions is available in almost every city and village.

At all times there has been a natural human need to speak competently. This was important both for doing business and for maximum mutual understanding in communication between people. A certain quality of speech could say a lot, up to the nobility of the origin of a person. But in the old days, the profession of a speech therapist simply did not exist. People communicated to the best of their ability and did not particularly pay attention to distortions in speech. This was not considered something shameful, especially among the common people.

For the first time, they began to think about the need to correct speech in Europe in the 17th century. And the first to do this were, of course, teachers who worked with hearing-impaired children. At that time, speech distortions were classified as purely physiological abnormalities tried to fix it with medicine. But, as you can guess, such methods did not lead to the expected result, but only caused a number of side effects.

It is worth noting that the vast majority of young children have some deviations in the pronunciation of certain sounds. As a rule, these defects disappear closer to five years. If this did not happen for one reason or another, then it makes sense to visit a speech therapist. You don't want your child to feel more adulthood worse than others? And deviations in speech will create him in the future serious problems in communication with others.

Why is it important?

The fact is that man is a social being. It is important for him to communicate with others like himself, it is important that he be correctly understood and accepted by society. If this does not happen for one reason or another, then an inferiority complex can easily develop in him. He will lag behind in training, will not be able to get many positions. Therefore, of course, the work of a speech therapist has great value for society. The need to correctly pronounce sounds and words is quite reasonable, and there are many reasons for this. At a minimum, this is an opportunity to correctly understand each other in the process of communication.

Such work imposes certain requirements on specialists. At a minimum, a good speech therapist should be theoretically savvy, know the structure of the vocal apparatus and speech, and be knowledgeable in psychology and pathophysiology. In addition, a speech therapist must be persistent, because it is not so easy, as it seems, to work out the same thing with his wards every day. All this requires great diligence and true love to your work.

More about the work of a speech therapist

This specialist tries to work with each ward personally, delving specifically into his problem. It is important at the beginning of cooperation to establish good contact with a client. Why is it important? The fact is that those who have distortions in spoken speech are very shy about this and are reluctant to reveal themselves in a conversation with another person. In view of this specific nature of work, a specialist develops the habit of almost always communicating with other people sympathetically, carefully.

The process of interaction begins with special exercises for practicing speech. Of course, it is the responsibility of the speech therapist to suggest to their clients how best to achieve desired result how to hold your tongue and lips. After these exercises, classes move into the phase of gradual sound correction. Then the corrected sound is combined into syllables and then into separate words. Along with this, classes can be held aimed at improving auditory attention, fine motor skills. All this necessarily proceeds mainly under the guise of a game. As a rule, sound correction lasts about 3 months, but this period can be longer.

Who exactly is this specialist? We note right away that to become a speech therapist, you do not need a specialized medical education. You can get the specialty of a speech therapist by graduating from the institute of a pedagogical profile.

On the difficulties and work schedule of a specialist

1. It would be a mistake to assume that the activities of a speech therapist are associated with private lessons alone. In addition, his duties include maintaining documents, such as: a speech card for all patients, plans for personal sessions, a diary for recording the work process, etc. And after all, this entire list is necessary for reporting to the relevant authorities. You need to be prepared for the fact that at any time the inspector can turn up, and in which case not only the specialist, but also his superiors can suffer. As a rule, it is from the monotonous process of reporting that a specialist can be more exhausted than from training with his wards.
2. A speech therapist can work in institutions such as kindergartens, hospitals, specialized circles. It can be assigned to a particular group or to all groups at the same time. His salary depends on the length of service and the specific place of work.
3. In medical institutions, speech therapists have to deal with patients who have speech disorders due to previous injuries, certain diseases or operations.
4. And the last option for making money for a speech therapist is to create your own small business, namely, to offer your services as a private contractor. If your priority is a good salary, then this will be the best option for you.

A speech therapist can formalize an individual entrepreneur or LLC, having received written approval from the state. But there are some pitfalls here, because in this case you will have a lot of expenses. These are the costs of renting the corresponding premises, and advertising, and tax deductions.

For this reason, in reality, everything is arranged much easier. The specialist simply receives clients at home. In this case, you can still separately draw up an agreement with municipal structures, such as Kindergarten. This will allow you to combine official work and your own business. Over time, if you manage to amass a large enough customer base, you will be able to make decent money from your craft.

What subjects need to be taken by applicants who have chosen this species activities and want to study to be a speech therapist? First, you need to take exams in the Russian language and literature when entering a pedagogical university.

In conclusion, I would like to wish our readers, as always, success! Firmly follow the chosen path, do not be afraid of difficulties and pitfalls, improve your skills. Do not forget that in any business you can endlessly learn something new. And then any business will be on your shoulder. We hope that the description of this kind of activity attracted you, and perhaps it is the speech therapist profession that will become yours. lucky ticket in life. In addition, you will be guaranteed a high salary if you become a truly worthy specialist.

It is no secret that a person's speech reveals a lot about himself, being a kind of reflection of personality. IN modern age communication, the need to speak beautifully and correctly becomes literally obvious. Good clear diction can make a person successful, and speech therapy defects can become a tragedy of a lifetime.

Previously, the profession of a speech therapist did not exist at all. It was believed that if a person has speech problems, then this is his individual feature that cannot be changed.

In fact, classes with a good specialist can give a stunning result, completely changing the quality social life. Speech therapists are trained by pedagogical universities, which have a faculty of defectology or special pedagogy.

What does a speech pathologist do

What does a speech therapist do and what does he do? A speech defect specialist works primarily with children: in kindergartens, schools, and sometimes in special institutions for students with hearing and speech defects. Almost all young children pronounce a couple of letters incorrectly or indistinctly, but this usually goes away on its own before the first trip to school. For some, speech defects have to be corrected professionally.

At first glance, it seems that there is nothing complicated in speech therapy, you just need to select suitable tasks for students and monitor their implementation. But it's not. A good speech therapist should be fluent in the theory of his subject, know the anatomy and physiology of the speech organs, and pathophysiology. In addition, he needs a lot of special skills: the ability to do speech therapy massage to relax the muscles of the larynx, the ability to “on oneself” show the movements necessary for the patient, and great patience.

Much less often than children, adults also come to a speech therapist. They are often embarrassed by their peculiarities of speech, or vice versa - they have become so used to them that they see no reason to correct them.

It is much more difficult to find an approach to an adult patient, so a speech therapist often has to deal with the patient's isolation and distrust. It is psychologically difficult for a respectable man or young girl to declare his problem to a specialist.

It is safe to say that a speech therapist is a kind of teacher who requires unlimited patience and understanding. He should be able to find an approach to everyone, give exercises to children in an interesting game form and help to overcome adult complexes. It happens that several months or even years pass from the moment you start classes with a speech therapist until the first successes. It all depends on the complexity of the situation and the professionalism of the defectologist. Other mandatory qualities of the profession are sociability and perseverance.

The salary of a speech therapist depends on the region of residence and experience. In small towns, the monthly salary does not exceed 250-300 dollars, in large cities - 500-600 dollars. Some professionals work in private practice.

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Pros and cons of being a speech pathologist

Advantages:

• socially significant profession;
• possibility of private practice;
• when working in an educational institution, vacation is 56 days and always falls in the summer;
• often a separate office;
• working day about 4-5 hours.

Disadvantages:

• emotionally difficult work, often intersecting with neuropsychology;
• documentation processing is included in non-working hours;
• sometimes even a long struggle with the problem may not be successful.

Career growth within educational institution or specialized agency extremely limited. To increase income, you need to take care of your reputation, because new customers, first of all, appear due to personal recommendations.

Beginning: 15000 ⃏ per month

Experienced: 20000 ⃏ per month

Professional: 60000 ⃏ per month

Demand for the profession

According to statistics, in the last decade there has been a sad trend: from year to year, the number of children with certain speech problems is growing. And this applies not only oral speech but also written. Children are getting worse at reading and writing. Therefore, the specialty of a speech therapist is still long time will be very much in demand.

Where to study for the profession of Speech therapist in Moscow

Who is the profession for?

The profession of a speech therapist is more suitable for people who like to communicate with people.

Career

You can grow up to the head, in the place where he worked.

Duties

Children and adults with various problems of pronunciation, reading and writing turn to a speech therapist: stuttering, incorrect pronunciation of sounds, dyslexia, dysgraphia, etc. The speech therapist selects exercises and massages, teaches you to speak and articulate correctly, eliminates lisping, burr and stuttering. As a rule, work lasts from six months to several years. It all depends on the complexity of the task and the age of the client. It is best to contact childhood, problems are solved more quickly at the stage of growing up.

“I want to get a specialty “speech therapist”. Is it worth it? Will this profession be in demand in the next 10 years?

Speaking clearly and correctly is an urgent need.

Previously, the profession of speech therapist did not exist at all. People spoke as best they could, and no one, in general, paid attention to speech defects. This was not perceived as a strong deviation from the norm.

For the first time, they tried to correct sounds in Europe in the 17th century. These were educators teaching children with weak or absent hearing. If a person heard well, but still did not pronounce a few letters, then, apparently, this was considered the norm. Speech defects were previously considered a problem of a purely physical nature, therefore they were treated by medical methods.

Almost all children at an early age have certain shortcomings in sound pronunciation. For most, these problems go away on their own by the age of five. The rest have to contact a specialist.

When a person pronounces sounds incorrectly, this can be a serious prerequisite for an inferiority complex. Man is a social being and communication with others is a very important aspect in life. Many happy and sociable people who surround us could well be shy losers if they had not been taken to a speech therapist sometime in time.

Of course, speech therapists do a great service to the patient and his relatives, bringing speech back to normal. By pronouncing sounds incorrectly, children cannot study well at school, they write and read with errors. Many adults, having speech defects, could not even get a prestigious job.

So, the specialty "speech therapist" ...

It would seem to show the correct position of the tongue, to give homework to practice tongue twisters - what could be easier?

At first glance, the work of a speech therapist does not seem difficult. But if you yourself try to teach a person, for example, how to pronounce the sound R correctly, your attitude towards the profession of a speech therapist will immediately change. Such work requires serious theoretical training, excellent knowledge of the mechanisms of voice, speech, psychology and pathophysiology. Only very persistent specialists are ready to practice every sound for hours with patients day after day. Otherwise, the treatment can last for years, unless, of course, the logopath (a person with speech impediments) does not run away earlier.

What is the job of a speech pathologist?

For each client, a speech therapist is looking for an individual approach.

Before the beginning corrective work the specialist needs to establish contact with the client. After all, people with pronunciation defects often have a fear of speech - they are embarrassed by their shortcomings and are afraid to speak with others. Because of these characteristics of clients, speech therapists develop the habit, even after hours, to speak softly, sympathetically.

Work begins with specially selected, depending on the problem, articulation exercises. And, of course, a speech therapist, before teaching others, must be able to perform them perfectly himself. For example, to show the patient in which position to hold the tongue in order to achieve the desired sound.

After articulatory gymnastics, the gradual production of sound begins. Then this sound begins to be introduced into syllables, words, sentences.

In parallel, exercises are given to develop auditory attention, fine motor skills and other exercises that seem not directly related to speech. All tasks for children are given in a playful way.

And so for a long time. The entire process from sound production to speech introduction usually takes about 3 months (with two sessions per week), but sometimes, with difficult patients, it stretches for a year or more.

Who is a speech therapist? Doctor? Psychologist? Teacher?

Do I need a medical degree to become a speech therapist? No no need. Speech therapists are trained by pedagogical universities.

Speech therapy is a part of defectology, a science located at the intersection of medicine, pedagogy and psychology. Very often, a patient with a seemingly banal speech disorder has serious psychological problems.

Stuttering, in most cases, is not only a speech defect, but a manifestation of a general neurosis, and not every speech therapist can cure this disease.

Speech therapists must be prepared for this kind of difficulties at all times.

Often a speech therapist has to work with problem children: those with mental retardation, suffering cerebral palsy, autism. Therefore, it is so necessary to have knowledge of defectology.

It should be noted that the work of a speech therapist is not only to deal with patients. He must manage to keep a huge amount of documentation: a speech card for each child, plans individual work, all kinds of accounting and dynamics logs, calendar and thematic plans and much, much more. And all this documentation is simply necessary in public institutions. At any moment, a check can come and not only the “careless” speech therapist will suffer, but also his leader. Often, the speech therapist gets more tired from filling out papers than from working with children.

What can I say, the work of a speech therapist is sometimes hard labor. In kindergartens, these are not only subgroup and individual lessons, but also control over the fulfillment of tasks by educators. If the garden is speech therapy and the specialist is assigned to one group, then he works only with it. In a regular preschool (preschool educational institution) - deals with all children with speech disorders.

Speech pathologists-defectologists also work in medical institutions: polyclinics, hospitals, centers for psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation and correction for children with hearing and speech impairments.

Responsibilities of a speech therapist: receiving patients, individual and group sessions with patients, consulting relatives on speech correction at home.

Speech therapists of children's clinics provide assistance to children aged 2 to 14 years with all types of speech pathology.

In hospitals, specialists work with patients suffering from speech defects due to trauma, stroke, neuroinfectious diseases, and brain surgery.

Finally, an option for professionals is to open their own speech therapy room. You can register as individual entrepreneur, or as an organization, obtain a license allowing similar view activities. But it just seems like a very profitable business. There are numerous expenses: rent, advertising, taxes.

Therefore, in most cases, speech therapists prefer to conduct private receptions illegally, in their own apartments. Some agree with municipal institutions, the same kindergartens: part of the day they conduct classes in groups, part is carried out on a commercial basis. (Download ).

With the accumulation of experience, client base and reputation, the work of a private speech therapist can become a very profitable business.

Will the profession of "speech therapist" be in demand?

According to statistics, in the last decade there has been a sad trend: from year to year, the number of children with certain speech problems is growing. And this applies not only to oral speech, but also to writing. Children are getting worse at reading and writing. It's about o and .

Speech disorders themselves are becoming more complex, complex, systemic, and more difficult to correct.

The main reason for this phenomenon is the deterioration of the environment. Factory emissions, insecticides and herbicides, abundance of household chemicals, availability and inadequate use medicines, electromagnetic radiation, vibrations…. Indeed, all this affects our health and the health of our children.

In addition, in most families, a child from the very early age sits in front of the TV, which does not turn off throughout the day. And this also has a detrimental effect on speech development.

Obviously, the specialty of a speech therapist will be very, very in demand for a long time.

Are you still going to become a speech therapist, despite all the difficulties? Then read.