UN Day October 24 presentation. Presentation on the topic: United Nations. ensuring sustainable environmental development
History of creation The creation of the United Nations became possible as a result of the combined efforts of states in the fight against fascism during the Second World War. The creation of the United Nations became possible as a result of the combined efforts of states in the fight against fascism during the Second World War. The predecessor of the UN was the League of Nations, created after the First World War. The predecessor of the UN was the League of Nations, created after the First World War.
History of creation The name "United Nations" was proposed by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and first used in the Declaration of the United Nations, signed on January 1, 1942, according to which representatives of 26 states pledged on behalf of their governments to continue the joint struggle against the Axis powers. Nations" was proposed by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and first used in the Declaration of the United Nations, signed on January 1, 1942, according to which representatives of 26 states pledged on behalf of their governments to continue the joint struggle against the Axis powers
History of creation The final text of the UN Charter was adopted at a conference in San Francisco, which took place from April to June 1945, and was signed on June 26, 1945 by representatives of 50 states, entered into force on October 24. The date of entry into force of the Charter is celebrated as United Nations Day. The final text of the UN Charter was adopted at a conference in San Francisco, held from April to June 1945, and signed on June 26, 1945 by representatives of 50 states, and entered into force on October 24. The date of entry into force of the Charter is celebrated as United Nations Day. Currently, 192 states are members of the UN.
UN Charter When the United Nations was created, it was stated in the very first line of the preamble of the UN Charter that “We, the peoples of the United Nations, are fully determined to rid succeeding generations of the disasters of war, which twice in our lifetime have brought untold grief to humanity, we strive to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights and freedoms.”
UN Charter The UN Charter also enshrines the basic principles of international cooperation: The UN Charter also enshrines the basic principles of international cooperation: sovereign equality all members of the UN; sovereign equality of all UN members; resolution of international disputes exclusively by peaceful means; resolution of international disputes exclusively by peaceful means; refusal in international relations to threaten or use force in any way incompatible with the purposes of the UN; refusal in international relations to threaten or use force in any way incompatible with the purposes of the UN; non-interference of the UN in matters essentially within the internal competence of any state, etc. non-interference of the UN in matters essentially within the internal competence of any state, etc.
UN Declarations and Conventions Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide, 1948 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide, 1948 International Covenant on Civil and Civil Rights political rights, 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 Non-Proliferation Treaty nuclear weapons, approved and opened for signature in 1968 Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, approved and opened for signature in 1968 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1992, came into force and was ratified by Russia in 1994. Came into force and was ratified by Russia in 1994 Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, open for signature in 1998, ratified by Russia in 2004 Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, open for signature in 1998, ratified by Russia in 2004 Millennium Declaration , 2000 Millennium Declaration, 2000
UN structure General Assembly General Assembly Security Council Security Council Economic and Social Council Economic and Social Council International Court UN International Court of Justice Secretariat Secretariat Trusteeship Council Trusteeship Council
UN Activities Ecology Ecology Economics Economics Statistics Statistics Safety Security Family Family Education Education Population Population Crime Crime Health Care Health Care Disabled People Disabled Science Science Elderly people Elderly people Communication Communication
Economic activity UN The activities of the UN are to assist UN member countries, conduct scientific research in such areas as: taxation and public finance taxation and public finance management and organization systems management and organization systems economics of the public sector and public policy public sector economics and public policy
UN Budget Budget moves forward Secretary General UN after agreement with the organs of the organization and based on their requirements. The proposed budget is subsequently reviewed by the 16-member Administrative and Budgetary Advisory Committee and the 34-member Program and Coordination Committee. The budget is put forward by the UN Secretary-General after agreement with the organs of the organization and based on their requirements. The proposed budget is subsequently reviewed by the 16-member Administrative and Budgetary Advisory Committee and the 34-member Program and Coordination Committee.
Ten states that contributed the largest share to the UN budget (2005 data) USA 22% million dollars. USA Japan 19.47% million dollars USA Germany 8.66% million dollars USA UK 6.13% 88.0 million dollars USA France 6.03% 86.6 million dollars USA Italy 4.89% 70.2 million dollars USA Canada 2.81% 40.4 million dollars USA Spain 2.52% 36.2 million dollars USA China 2.05% 29.5 million dollars USA Mexico 1.88% 27.0 million dollars USA
Members of the UN The original members of the UN include the 50 states that signed the UN Charter at the conference in San Francisco on June 26, 1945, as well as Poland. During this period, another 141 states were admitted to the UN (in reality, during this period more states were part of the UN, but the figure is smaller due to the withdrawal of a number of states, such as Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia due to their division into independent states). The original members of the UN included the 50 states that signed the UN Charter at the conference in San Francisco on June 26, 1945, as well as Poland. During this period, another 141 states were admitted to the UN (in reality, more states were part of the UN during this period, but the figure is smaller due to the withdrawal of a number of states, such as Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia due to their division into independent states).
UNITED NATIONS Semenova Vera Sergeevna teacher of history and social studies GBOU secondary school No.
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GENERAL INFORMATION United Nations The official languages of the UN are: English; Arab; Spanish; Chinese; Russian; French. Nations is a unique international organization. It was founded after the Second World War on October 24, 1945 by representatives of 51 countries who were supporters of the policy of maintaining peace and security throughout the world, developing friendly relations between countries and promoting social progress, improving living conditions and the UN pursues the following goals: state of affairs areas of rights, peacekeeping and human security. on the planet; development of friendly relations between countries; cooperation in resolving international problems and in ensuring respect for human rights;
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UN HEADQUARTERS Welcome to the United Nations! The global organization's headquarters are located on an 18-acre site on the eastern side of Manhattan. This is an international zone belonging to all member states. The UN has its own security service, fire department and post office. Visitors from around the world often like to send home postcards with UN stamps - mail with such stamps can only be sent from the UN compound. The Headquarters complex consists of four main buildings: the General Assembly Building, the Conference Building, the 39-story Secretariat Building and the Library. Dag Hammarskjöld, which was added in 1961. The complex was designed
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UN FLAGS Membership of the United Nations has grown from an initial number of 51 Member States in 1945 to 192 Members in 2006. The colorful flags of member states fly along First Avenue. Flags are arranged in English alphabetical order: the first flag - Afghanistan - is located at the level of 48th street, the last - Zimbabwe - at 42nd street.
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UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY HALL
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The General Assembly Hall is the largest room in the United Nations, accommodating over 1,800 people. The hall was designed jointly by a team of 11 Headquarters architects and, to highlight international character This hall does not display a single gift from Member States. The General Assembly is the only meeting room in the United Nations that displays the Organization's emblem. It is a map of the world surrounded by olive branches - a symbol of peace, in the center of which is North Pole. The General Assembly is the central organ of the United Nations. All 190 member states can gather here to discuss the pressing issues of our time, most of which affect many
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SECURITY COUNCIL HALL
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The Security Council Chamber is a gift from Norway - it was designed by the Norwegian architect Arenstein Arnenberg. In the Council Hall, the first thing that attracts attention is a large panel (oil on canvas) by the Norwegian artist Per Krogh. It depicts the Phoenix bird rising from the ashes, a symbol of peace being restored after the Second World War. The dark, ominous tones at the bottom of the panel give way to figures in bright colors that symbolize hope for a better future. The idea of equality is conveyed by a group of people weighing grain that will be distributed to everyone. Tapestries embroidered with blue and gold silk threads on the walls and curtains on the windows overlooking the East River depict an anchor - a symbol of faith, ripening ears - a symbol of hope and a heart - a symbol of mercy. According to the Charter, the Security Council has the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and
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ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL HALL
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The Economic and Social Council Chamber is a gift from Sweden. It was designed by Swedish architect Sven Markelius, one of 11 architects on the international team that designed United Nations Headquarters. Swedish pine was used for the delegates' lounge, as well as for the handrails and doors. Special attention The hall is attracted by the pipes and ventilation holes visible in the ceiling above the gallery for visitors. According to the architect's plan, all structural elements having one purpose or another were to remain open. The "unfinished" ceiling is usually taken as a symbolic reminder that the work of the United Nations in economic and social areas never stops: there is always something more that can be done to improve the living conditions of the world's population. The founders of the United Nations recognized that the key to ensuring world peace is economic and social development and the international cooperation. According to the Charter, the Economic and Social Council is called upon to
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TRUSTEE COUNCIL The Trusteeship Council Chamber is a gift from Denmark to the United Nations. It was designed by Danish architect Finn Juhl, and all interior fittings were brought from Denmark. The walls are lined with ash panels to improve the acoustics of the hall. The large wooden statue in the Trusteeship Council Chamber, by Danish sculptor Henrik Starke, represents a gift from Denmark to the United Nations in June 1953. Carved from a teak tree trunk, the figure of a woman releasing a bird from her open hands signifies “free flight upward to new heights.” When applied to the Trusteeship Council, this statue may symbolize the colonies seeking independence.
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LIBRARY NAMED AFTER DAG HAMMARSCHOLD Library named after. Dag Hammarskjöld was named after the deceased Secretary General on November 16, 1961. The library building, a gift from the Ford Foundation, is adjacent to the Secretariat on the southwest side of the Headquarters complex. Library named after Dag Hammarskjöld serves primarily the staff of the Secretariat, the delegation to the United Nations, staff permanent missions and others
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STAINED GLASS GLASS BY MARC CHAGALL
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In the eastern part of the visitor lobby you can see a stained glass window created according to a sketch by the French artist Marc Chagall. It is a gift from United Nations staff and Marc Chagall himself, given in 1964 in memory of Dag Hammarskjöld, the second Secretary-General of the United Nations, and the 15 others who died with him in a plane crash in 1961. The memorial stained glass window, approximately 15 feet wide and 12 feet high, depicts a number of symbols of peace and love, such as the child in the center being kissed by an angelic face emerging from flowers. On the left, below and above are a mother with a child and people fighting for peace. The musical symbolism of the stained glass gives rise to associations with Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, a favorite piece of music
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FOUCAULT PENDULUM
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One of the main exhibits in the lobby of the General Assembly is the Foucault pendulum, donated to the United Nations by the Netherlands in 1955. Foucault pendulum, named after French physicist Jean Bernard Leon Foucault, provides clear evidence of the rotation of the Earth. It consists of a gold-plated sphere partially filled with copper metal that is suspended from the ceiling 75 feet in the air by stainless steel wire. The universal joint allows the sphere to swing freely in any direction. An electromagnet installed under the pendulum compensates for friction with the air, providing uniform motion pendulum. Visitors can see how the direction of the pendulum's swing changes throughout the day due to the rotation of the Earth. The sphere completes a full cycle in 36 hours and 45 minutes.
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SCULPTURE “BEATING SWORDS INTO PHALAHALS” The United Nations Garden is decorated with a number of sculptures and statues that were donated different countries. One of them is called “Let’s Beat Swords into Plowshares” and is a gift from the then Soviet Union, presented in 1959 (sculptor Evgeniy Vuchetich). It represents a bronze figure of a man with a hammer in one hand and a sword in the other. The sword is reforged onto the plow, symbolizing the desire
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MOSAIC BY NORMAN ROCKWELL
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This mosaic panel was presented to the United Nations on the occasion of the Organization's fortieth anniversary in 1985 by Mrs. Nancy Reagan, then “First Lady,” on behalf of the United States. The mosaic is based on the painting “Golden Rule” by American artist Norman Rockwell. Rockwell wanted to show that " Golden Rule” runs like a thread through all the major religions of the world, and has depicted people of all races, creeds and colors filled with dignity and respect. The inscription on the panel reads “Do unto Others as You Would Have Them Do unto You” (“And as you want people to do to you, so do to them”). The panel was made by Venetian mosaic artists.
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CHINESE SCULPTURE This ivory sculpture is a gift from China to the United Nations in 1974. It shows a section of the Chengdu-Kunming railway, over 1,000 kilometers long, which opened to train traffic in 1970. This Railway connects two provinces of China - Yunnan in the south and Sichuan in the north. The sculpture is carved from eight elephant tusks, and it is said that 98 craftsmen worked on its creation for more than two years. Amazing subtlety
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JAPANESE "BELL OF PEACE"
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The Japanese Peace Bell was presented to the United Nations in June 1954 by the Japan United Nations Association. It was cast from coins collected by children from 60 countries and placed under the arch of a typically Japanese cypress wood structure reminiscent of a Shinto shrine. It is customary to ring the bell twice a year: on the first day of spring - the day spring equinox- and September 21, International Day of Peace. In 1994, the fortieth anniversary of the Japanese bell was celebrated with a special ceremony. On this occasion Secretary General Boutros Boutros Ghali said: “The Japanese Peace Bell, whenever it is rung, sends a clear signal. This is a signal for all humanity. Peace is a great value. It is not enough to dream about peace: achieving peace requires work - long,
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MEMORIAL TO THE DEAD UN STAFF
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On October 24, 2003, at 12:30 p.m., a Memorial dedicated to the memory of United Nations personnel who gave their lives in the cause of peace was unveiled on the north lawn of the park located on the grounds of the United Nations Headquarters in New York. . The central element of the architectural design of the memorial, the construction of which was financed by Nobel Prize 1988 Peace Award, which was awarded to United Nations peacekeeping forces, is a crystal stele on which six official languages The organization is engraved with the words: “Let us remember here those who gave their lives for peace.” The memorial to the victims, designed by the New York architectural firm Arquitectonica International, consists of 191 stone slabs, which corresponded to the number of UN member states in 2003. The slabs are installed in close proximity to the pedestrian path and form a polygon
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Presentation on the topic: United Nations
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GENERAL INFORMATION The United Nations is a unique international organization. It was founded after World War II on October 24, 1945, by representatives of 51 countries committed to maintaining world peace and security, developing friendly relations between countries and promoting social progress, improving living conditions and human rights. The UN pursues the following goals: maintaining peace and security on the planet; development of friendly relations between countries; cooperation in resolving international problems and ensuring respect for human rights; coordination of actions of different countries. The official languages of the UN are: English; Arab; Spanish; Chinese; Russian; French.
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UN HEADQUARTERSWelcome to the United Nations! The global organization's headquarters are located on an 18-acre site on the eastern side of Manhattan. This is an international zone belonging to all member states. The UN has its own security service, fire department and post office. Visitors from around the world often like to send home postcards with UN stamps - mail with such stamps can only be sent from the UN compound. The Headquarters complex consists of four main buildings: the General Assembly Building, the Conference Building, the 39-story Secretariat Building and the Library. Dag Hammarskjöld, which was added in 1961. The complex was designed by an international group of 11 architects led by Wallace K. Harrison from the United States of America.
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UN FLAGS Membership of the United Nations has grown from an initial number of 51 Member States in 1945 to 192 Members in 2006. The colorful flags of member states fly along First Avenue. The flags are arranged in English alphabetical order: the first flag, Afghanistan, is at 48th Street level, the last, Zimbabwe, is at 42nd Street.
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The General Assembly Hall is the largest room in the United Nations, accommodating over 1,800 people. The Hall was designed jointly by a team of 11 Headquarters architects and, to emphasize the international nature of the Hall, no gifts from Member States are on display. The General Assembly is the only meeting room in the United Nations that displays the Organization's emblem. It is a map of the world surrounded by olive branches - a symbol of peace, with the North Pole in the center. The General Assembly is the central organ of the United Nations. All 190 member states can gather here to discuss the pressing issues of our time, most of which affect many countries and continents and therefore require international cooperation to resolve them.
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The Security Council Chamber is a gift from Norway - it was designed by the Norwegian architect Arenstein Arnenberg. In the Council Hall, the first thing that attracts attention is a large panel (oil on canvas) by the Norwegian artist Per Krogh. It depicts the Phoenix bird rising from the ashes, a symbol of peace being restored after the Second World War. The dark, ominous tones at the bottom of the panel give way to figures in bright colors that symbolize hope for a better future. The idea of equality is conveyed by a group of people weighing grain that will be distributed to everyone. Tapestries embroidered with blue and gold silk threads on the walls and curtains on the windows overlooking the East River depict an anchor - a symbol of faith, ripening ears - a symbol of hope and a heart - a symbol of mercy. According to the Charter, the Security Council has the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and safety. As a kind of emergency service for the United Nations, it must be ready to assemble at any time when a threat to the peace arises.
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The Economic and Social Council Chamber is a gift from Sweden. It was designed by Swedish architect Sven Markelius, one of the 11 architects on the international group, which designed the United Nations Headquarters. Swedish pine was used for the delegates' lounge, as well as for the handrails and doors. Of particular interest in the hall are the pipes and ventilation holes visible in the ceiling above the gallery for visitors. According to the architect's plan, all structural elements having one purpose or another were to remain open. The unfinished ceiling is usually seen as a symbolic reminder that the work of the United Nations in the economic and social fields never stops: there is always more that can be done to improve the living conditions of the world's people. The founders of the United Nations recognized that the key to ensuring world peace is economic and social development and international cooperation. According to the Charter, the Economic and Social Council is called upon to create conditions for economic and social progress and promote universal respect for human rights. The Council coordinates the work of the United Nations system, which includes over 30 programs and specialized institutions.
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TRUSTEE COUNCIL The Trusteeship Council Chamber is a gift from Denmark to the United Nations. It was designed by Danish architect Finn Juhl, and all interior fittings were brought from Denmark. The walls are lined with ash panels to improve the acoustics of the hall. The large wooden statue in the Trusteeship Council Chamber, by Danish sculptor Henrik Starke, represents a gift from Denmark to the United Nations in June 1953. Carved from a teak tree trunk, the figure of a woman releasing a bird from her open hands signifies “free flight upward to new heights.” When applied to the Trusteeship Council, this statue may symbolize the colonies seeking independence. Guardianship Council - main body, who was tasked with overseeing the administration of the 11 Trust Territories until they achieved self-determination. Having completed this task, the Council decided in 1994 to suspend its work and meet only when necessary.
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LIBRARY NAMED AFTER DAG HAMMARSCHOLD Library named after. Dag Hammarskjöld was named after the deceased Secretary General on November 16, 1961. The library building, a gift from the Ford Foundation, is adjacent to the Secretariat on the southwest side of the Headquarters complex. Library named after Dag Hammarskjöld serves primarily the staff of the Secretariat, the delegation to the United Nations, staff of permanent missions and other official users.
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In the eastern part of the visitor lobby you can see a stained glass window created according to a sketch by the French artist Marc Chagall. It is a gift from United Nations staff and Marc Chagall himself, given in 1964 in memory of Dag Hammarskjöld, the second Secretary-General of the United Nations, and the 15 others who died with him in a plane crash in 1961. The memorial stained glass window, approximately 15 feet wide and 12 feet high, depicts a number of symbols of peace and love, such as the child in the center being kissed by an angelic face emerging from flowers. On the left, below and above are a mother with a child and people fighting for peace. The musical symbolism of the stained glass evokes Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, Mr. Hammarskjöld's favorite piece of music.
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One of the main exhibits in the lobby of the General Assembly is the Foucault pendulum, donated to the United Nations by the Netherlands in 1955. The Foucault pendulum, named after the French physicist Jean Bernard Leon Foucault, serves as visual evidence of the rotation of the Earth. It consists of a gold-plated sphere partially filled with copper metal that is suspended from the ceiling 75 feet in the air by stainless steel wire. The universal joint allows the sphere to swing freely in any direction. An electromagnet installed under the pendulum compensates for friction with the air, ensuring uniform movement of the pendulum. Visitors can see how the direction of the pendulum's swing changes throughout the day due to the rotation of the Earth. The sphere completes a full cycle in 36 hours and 45 minutes.
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SCULPTURE "BEATING SWORDS INTO PHALASHES" The United Nations Garden is decorated with a number of sculptures and statues that were donated by different countries. One of them is called “Let us beat swords into plowshares” and represents the gift of the then Soviet Union, presented in 1959 (sculptor Evgeniy Vuchetich). It represents a bronze figure of a man with a hammer in one hand and a sword in the other. The sword is reforged into a plow, which symbolizes the desire of people to end the war and transform the means of destruction into tools of creative labor for the benefit of all mankind.
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This mosaic panel was presented to the United Nations on the occasion of the Organization's fortieth anniversary in 1985 by Mrs. Nancy Reagan, then “First Lady,” on behalf of the United States. The mosaic is based on the painting “Golden Rule” by American artist Norman Rockwell. Rockwell wanted to show that the "Golden Rule" runs through all the major religions of the world, and depicted people of all races, creeds and colors, full of dignity and respect. The inscription on the panel reads “Do unto Others as You Would Have Them Do unto You” (“And as you want people to do to you, so do to them”). The panel was made by Venetian mosaic artists.
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CHINESE SCULPTURE This ivory sculpture is a gift from China to the United Nations in 1974. It shows a section of the Chengdu-Kunming railway, over 1,000 kilometers long, which opened to train traffic in 1970. This railway connects two provinces of China - Yunnan in the south and Sichuan in the north. The sculpture is carved from eight elephant tusks and is said to have been created by 98 artisans over two years. The delicacy of the work is amazing - you can even see small carved figures of people inside the train.
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The Japanese Peace Bell was presented to the United Nations in June 1954 by the Japan United Nations Association. It was cast from coins collected by children from 60 countries and placed under the arch of a typically Japanese cypress wood structure reminiscent of a Shinto shrine. It is customary to ring the bell twice a year: on the first day of spring - the vernal equinox - and on September 21, the International Day of Peace. In 1994, the fortieth anniversary of the Japanese bell was celebrated with a special ceremony. On this occasion, Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali said: “The Japanese Peace Bell sends a clear signal every time it is rung. This is a signal for all humanity. Peace is a great value. It is not enough to dream of peace: achieving peace requires work - long, persistent, hard work.”
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On October 24, 2003, at 12:30 p.m., a Memorial dedicated to the memory of United Nations personnel who gave their lives in the cause of peace was unveiled on the north lawn of the park located on the grounds of the United Nations Headquarters in New York. .The central element of the architectural design of the memorial, the construction of which was financed by the 1988 Nobel Peace Prize, which was awarded peacekeeping forces United Nations, is a crystal stele on which are engraved in the six official languages of the Organization the words: “Let us remember here those who gave their lives for peace.” The memorial to the victims, designed by the New York architectural firm Arquitectonica International, consists of 191 stone slabs, which corresponded to the number of UN member states in 2003. The slabs are installed in close proximity to the pedestrian path and form a polygon irregular shape. The stone for the slabs comes from quarries on five different continents. Fifteen vertical onyx blocks of varying heights serve as benches, as the Memorial is intended as a place of remembrance and reflection. At night, the Memorial is illuminated with lanterns.
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Creation of the UN. The idea of creating a global intergovernmental organization to prevent wars and maintain peace has occupied the minds of mankind for a long time. Second World War Due to its scale, the methods of terror used by the fascist armies gave a powerful impetus to government and public initiatives to organize peace and security. The most important stage in the creation of the UN is rightly called the conference in Dumbarton Oaks (1944), at which the basic principles and parameters of the mechanism of activity of the future organization were agreed upon. The San Francisco Conference (April 25 - June 26, 1945), convened on behalf of the USSR, USA, Great Britain and China, was the final stage in the creation of the UN. It adopted the UN Charter, the founders of which are 50 states.
UN structure. Specialized bodies. International currency board, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, International Association development, international maritime organization, International organization civil aviation, International Labor Organization, International Telecommunication Union, Universal Postal Union, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, World organization Health, World Organization intellectual property, United Nations industrial development, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Meteorological Organization, International Fund Agricultural Development, International Atomic Energy Agency
UN structure. Main bodies: UN General Assembly. The General Assembly, according to its decision of December 17, 1993, has 6 committees, the General Committee and the Credentials Committee: General Committee Credentials Committee Committee on Disarmament Issues and international security(First Committee) Committee on Economic and financial matters(Second Committee) Social, Humanitarian and Cultural Affairs Committee (Third Committee) Special Political and Decolonization Committee (Fourth Committee) Administrative and Budgetary Committee (Fifth Committee) Legal Affairs Committee (Sixth Committee) UN General Assembly established in 1945 in accordance with the UN Charter, the main deliberative, decision-making and representative body of the United Nations.
Functions of the UN General Assembly According to the Charter of the United Nations, the UN General Assembly has the following functions and powers: to consider general principles cooperation in maintaining international peace and security, including in matters of disarmament, and make appropriate recommendations; discuss any issues related to the maintenance of international peace and security; organize research and prepare recommendations to promote international political cooperation, international law, the implementation of human rights and fundamental freedoms, economic, social and humanitarian fields and in the field of culture, education and health; to recommend measures for the peaceful settlement of any situation which might disturb friendly relations between nations; receive and consider reports from the Security Council and other UN bodies; review and approve the UN budget and establish the amount of assessed contributions of member states; elect non-permanent members of the Security Council and members of other UN councils and organs and appoint the Secretary-General.
UN structure. Principal organs: Security Council The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security; All members of the UN are obliged to obey its decisions. Five permanent members of the Security Council ( Russian Federation, USA, UK, France, China) have the right of veto. Russia is represented by the Permanent Representative of Russia to the UN, and Great Britain by the Permanent Representative of Great Britain to the UN. The Security Council consists of 15 members: five members of the Council are permanent (Russia, USA, Great Britain, France and China), the remaining ten members (in the terminology of the Charter “non-permanent”) are elected to the Council in accordance with the procedure provided for by the Charter.
UN structure. Main bodies: UN Secretariat UN Secretariat The UN Secretariat is an international staff working in agencies around the world and carrying out the varied day-to-day work of the Organization. It serves the other main organs of the United Nations and implements the programs and policies adopted by them. The Secretariat's offices are located at UN Headquarters in New York and at other UN Headquarters locations, the largest of which are the UN Offices in Geneva and Vienna. The UN Secretariat ensures the work of UN bodies, publishes and distributes UN materials, stores archives, registers and publishes international treaties UN member states. The Secretariat is headed by the UN Secretary-General, who is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council for a period of 5 years with the possibility of re-election for a new term.
UN structure. Main bodies: International Court of Justice. The International Court of Justice is one of the six main organs of the United Nations, established by the UN Charter to achieve one of the main purposes of the UN “to be carried out by peaceful means, in accordance with the principles of justice and international law, the settlement or resolution of international disputes or situations which may lead to a breach of the peace.” The International Court of Justice consists of 15 independent judges, elected regardless of their nationality, from among the highest moral qualities who meet the requirements in their countries for appointment to senior judicial positions or are jurists of recognized authority in the field of international law
UN structure. Main bodies: ECOSOC. The UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) is one of the main bodies of the United Nations, which coordinates cooperation in the economic and social fields of the UN and its specialized agencies. The UN Economic and Social Council is authorized to: undertake studies and draw up reports on international issues in the field of economic, social, culture, education, health and similar issues or encourage others to do so; prepare draft conventions for submission to the General Assembly on issues within its competence. make recommendations to promote respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all; take appropriate measures to obtain regular reports from specialized agencies; coordinate the activities of specialized institutions; report to the General Assembly your comments on these reports.
UN structure. Main bodies: UN Trusteeship Council. The UN Trusteeship Council is one of the main organs of the United Nations, which was created to oversee the administration of trust territories falling under the international trusteeship system. The UN Trusteeship Council, in the performance of its functions: is authorized to consider reports submitted by the administering authority; is empowered to receive petitions and consider them in consultation with the administering authority; is authorized to arrange periodic visits to the respective territories under trusteeship within the time limits agreed upon with the administering authority; is authorized to take the above and other actions in accordance with the terms of custody agreements; develops a questionnaire regarding the political, economic and social progress of the population of each trust territory
UN structure. Specialized bodies. According to the UN Charter, any principal organ of the UN may establish various subsidiary organs to carry out its responsibilities. The most famous of them are: The World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), UNESCO.
UN activities (Role in modern world). Peacekeeping mission. UN peacekeeping operations are an important tool for maintaining peace and international security. Their activities are determined by a number of resolutions of the General Assembly adopted in accordance with the Charter of the Organization. The UN Charter itself does not provide for peacekeeping operations. However, they may be conditioned by the goals and principles of the UN, which is why the General Assembly regularly considers the need for a particular peacekeeping mission. Implementation peacekeeping operation The UN can be expressed in: Investigation of incidents and negotiations with conflicting parties with a view to their reconciliation; Verifying compliance with the ceasefire agreement; Promoting the maintenance of law and order; Providing humanitarian assistance; Monitoring the situation.
UN activities. Human rights. Human Rights On December 10, 1948, the UN General Assembly adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, after which it recommended that all Member States make the text of the Declaration public by “distributing, publicizing and explaining mainly in schools and other educational institutions, without any distinction based on the political status of countries or territories."
UN activities. Humanitarian assistance. For conditions of armed conflict, the International Court of Justice has defined permissible humanitarian assistance as “the provision of food, clothing, medicine and other humanitarian assistance, but this does not include the provision of weapons, weapons systems, ammunition or other equipment, vehicles and materials that could be used to cause serious harm.” bodily harm or cause death." Humanitarian assistance differs from foreign assistance in its urgent nature and in that it is used to alleviate the plight of victims of natural disasters. Humanitarian assistance is a type of gratuitous assistance (assistance); means of subsistence distributed free of charge to the population of areas affected by a humanitarian catastrophe or on the verge of one
UN activities. Gun control and disarmament. General Assembly and Security Council at permanent basis consider disarmament issues. In addition, the Assembly also held special sessions on disarmament in 1978 and 1988. Some UN bodies deal exclusively with disarmament issues. These include the Conference on Disarmament. Being the only multilateral negotiating forum international community on the issue of disarmament, the Conference held successful negotiations both on the Convention on the Prohibition chemical weapons, and under the Comprehensive Ban Treaty nuclear tests. The UN Office for Disarmament Affairs (ODA) implements the decisions of the General Assembly on disarmament issues. It also provides material and organizational support for norm-setting activities in the field of disarmament through the work of the General Assembly and its First Committee, the UN Disarmament Commission, the Conference on Disarmament and other bodies. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) conducts independent research in the field of disarmament and issues related, in particular, to international security issues
UN activities. Social and Economic development. Despite advances on many fronts, the world is still characterized by huge disparities in levels of wealth and well-being. The fight against poverty and the elimination of inequalities both within and between countries remains the core purpose of the United Nations. The UN system operates in different ways to achieve its economic and social goals. It is through the activities of various bodies and specialized institutions and the implementation of programs in such diverse areas as education, flight safety, security environment and working conditions, the UN's work touches the lives of people everywhere. The main body coordinating economic and social activity The UN is the Economic and Social Council. The Council also serves as the main forum for discussing international economic and social problems and making policy recommendations in these areas.
Conclusion Today the UN is largest representative international eq. cooperation, the largest international organization whose members are greatest number countries from all continents. The UN is an unprecedented example of the implementation of various joint projects on a global scale. The UN is an interstate universal organization whose purpose and subject matter is of interest to all states of the world.
Demchenko Oleg and Wunder Inna
Students of grade 10 "B"
In the subject Geography.
UNITED NATIONS (UN)
International organization of states created inpurposes of maintaining and strengthening peace, security and
development of cooperation between states.
The predecessor of the UN was the League of Nations, founded in
1919. The name "United Nations" was proposed
US President Franklin Roosevelt and for the first time
used in the United Nations Declaration on 1 January
1942.
The main organs of the UN are: the Security Council,
General Assembly, Secretariat, Economic and
Social Council (ECOSOC), Guardianship Council,
International Court.
UN Charter
The UN was established on June 26, 1945 at the ConferenceUnited Nations in San Francisco (USA): on this day
representatives of 50 states signed the UN Charter,
previously developed by representatives of the USSR,
USA, UK and China at a conference in
Dumbarton Oaks (Washington, USA) in August-October 1944.
Poland, which signed the UN Charter on October 15, 1945, became
51 founding states of the UN. After approval
of the UN Charter by the governments of the countries that signed it
entered into force on October 24, 1945: since then this day
is celebrated annually as UN Day.
By 2007 total number UN member countries reached 192.
Headquarters
European
UN offices
in Geneva
(Switzerland).
UN headquarters building in
New York
(USA).
UN cooperation.
The UN has concluded agreements oncollaboration with 13
specialized
institutions,
implementing broad
activities related to
goals of the UN. Among them
International organization
Labor (ILO), Food
and agricultural
organization (FAO), Organization
UN Education,
science and culture (UNESCO),
World organization
health (WHO),
organization of the World
bank, etc. These are independent
bodies created on the basis
intergovernmental
agreements.
Flag of the International Organization
labor (ILO).
Flag
Food and
agricultural
UN organizations
World Flag
organizations
healthcare.
UNESCO flag.
UN Objectives
The most important tasks of the UN are peacekeeping,respect for human rights, maintaining peace and international
security, curbing the proliferation of weapons, reducing and
liquidation of all stocks of weapons of mass destruction.
Over the years, the UN has promoted the prevention and
ending international crises and armed conflicts. UN
took part in the resolution Cuban missile crisis(1962), crisis on
Middle East (1973), participated in the settlement of the Iran-Iraq conflict
wars (1988), civil war in Afghanistan (1979-2001), Guatemala,
Cambodia, Mozambique, etc.
The official languages of the UN are English and
French, while office work is conducted in six
languages (English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese,
Russian, French). Organization headquarters
is located in New York. In October 2006 general
Foreign Minister was elected Secretary of the UN
Korea Ban Ki-moon.