Professionalism in the speech of people of different professions

Abstract: The article is devoted to the description of special vocabulary, traditionally divided into terms and professionalisms. Are given a large number of examples of professionalism from various professional fields: aviation, auto transporters, bank employees, librarians, businessmen, accountants, journalists, engineers, cinematographers, meteorologists, medical, police, marine, hunters, carpenters, printers, puffers, advertising (PR specialists), rock musicians , builders, taxi drivers, theater workers, television workers, traders of old Moscow, teachers, schoolchildren, electronics and computer engineers. The materials of the article may be useful to philologists and university teachers.
Key words: special words, term, professionalism

Tverdokhleb Olga Gennadjevna
Orenburg State Teacher Training University, Orenburg

Abstract: The article describes the special vocabulary, traditionally divided into terms and professionalisms. Given the large number of examples of excellence from different professional fields: aviation, autoprodiks, Bank employees, librarians, businessmens, accountants, journalists, engineers, film-makers, meteorologists, medical, police, marine, hunters, carpenters and joiners, printers, needlewomen, advertising (PR), rock musicians, construction workers, taxi drivers, theater, TV crews, vendors of old Moscow, teachers, students, engineers and computer scientists. The article can be useful to philologists-teachers of the University.
Keywords: special words, the term, the professionalism

Language, reflecting the surrounding reality, consolidates in its lexical composition the practical, social and cognitive experience of people, material, spiritual, cultural and scientific achievements. Essential Function language – communicative provides communication in all areas human activity.

Common words understandable to all speakers of this language, are included in literary language dictionaries. But, in addition to commonly used words, the language has a huge number of special words serving different areas of science, technology and culture. Specially professional communication is carried out through the language of science and technology, special form natural language, concentrating collective professional and scientific memory. Special vocabulary is words and combinations of words used and understood primarily by representatives of a certain branch of knowledge or profession. However, the special role of science and technology in modern society determines the ongoing interest in various problems of special vocabulary.

In specialized vocabulary, it is customary first of all to distinguish terms and professionalisms.

Terms are part of a terminological system, and “a classifying definition is applicable to them through the nearest genus and species distinction.” Created for the precise expression of special concepts and based on definition, they, playing a classification and systematizing role, organize and streamline scientific knowledge in various fields, in particular: military (N.D. Fomina 1968, G.A. Vinogradova 1980, P.V. Likholitov 1998); marine (A. Croise van der Kop 1910, N.V. Denisova 2003); naval (N.A. Kalanov 2003, L.V. Gorban 2005); railway (S.D. Ledyaeva 1973), economic (M.V. Kitaigorodskaya 1996); legal (N.G. Blagova 2002), etc. As special lexical units, terms have been the subject of analysis of many works of linguistic content, both theoretical and practical.

Professionalisms are words used by small groups of people united by a particular profession. Scientists note that professional jargon (slang) are words and phrases of a semi-official nature, denoting some special concept for which there is not yet an officially accepted designation in a given science, branch of technology, etc. We have already indicated that used in work of art professional jargon, in particular school jargon, “must be understandable to the reader, and therefore explained.” It is precisely the absence of officially accepted names that is responsible for the fact that until now full list There is still no all professionalism in the speech of people of different professions. This determines the relevance of our work.

This article provides material for such a list (in alphabetical order):

• aviation: goat ‘involuntary jump of the plane during landing’; underdose ‘undershoot’; peremaz ‘flight’; fly around ‘get used to the car’; bubble / sausage ‘balloon’; give goat ‘hard plant airplane; aircraft names: Annushka ; Plush ; duck ‘biplane U-2’, Donkey , Ass 'airplane I-16’; Pawn ‘Pe-2 plane’; Hawk ‘plane Yak-3,7,9’; Humpback ‘Il-2 plane’; Balalaika ‘airplane MiG-21’; Eggplant ‘airplane IL-86’; Rook ‘airplane Su-25’;
• car haulers: mouse ‘grey colour ’; on the handle ‘with manual transmission’; skin ‘leather interior’;
• bank employees: drunk And goggle-eyed ‘O fake banknotes, portraits on them’; car loan ‘car loans’;
• librarians: storage room ‘room, Where are stored books’; comb fund ‘arrange carefully books on shelves’;
• businessmen: white rollback ‘official Commission intermediary’; non-cash , By cashless ‘to pay non-cash’; turn on the counter ‘increase the loan percentage’; send ‘give bribe’; cash , cash , cash ‘to pay cash’; shuttle , shuttle (business);
• accountants: Kasachka , cash register ‘cassation’; izlup ‘overpaid tax’; kapiki ‘capital investments’; axles ‘fixed assets’;
• journalists: overlay ‘error'; snowdrop ‘Human, working correspondent, But listed V state By another specialties’; telekiller ‘corrupt journalist’; duck ‘deception’;
• engineers (workers): pot (in nuclear physics) ‘ synchrophasotron’; goat (in metallurgy) ‘ remains of frozen metal in the ladle’; cup a (in the production of optical instruments) ‘concave grinder (one of the abrasive devices)’; sneaker ‘self-recording device’;
• filmmakers: filmmaker ‘worker cinema’; shelf movie ‘O unshown/ prohibited movie’;
• meteorologists: star , needle , hedgehog , plate (‘kinds snowflakes’) ;
• medical: eight (at dentists) ‘ tooth wisdom’; cover ‘pronounce death’; pulse stretches in a thread ;neuralgic ; birthplace ; talus ;
• policeman: hanger ‘hopeless case’; brood ‘investigative experiment’; tinsel ‘ECG film’; lost ‘missing without lead’; pipes are burning ‘problems with appendages’; cleanliness ‘sincerely confession’;
• nautical: admiral's ‘cabin at the stern’;certificate ‘duffel bag, clothing property’, tank bulletin (tank news ) ‘rumors exchanged between sailors on the forecastle in their wardroom’;Barents ‘Barents Sea’;bargevik (barzhak ) 1. ‘sailor sailing on a barge’. 2. ‘rude, blasphemous’;beska ‘cap, headdress of sailors, petty officers and naval cadets’;all-night watch ‘watch while staying in a port or roadstead (berthing watch) from 00.00 to 8.00, i.e. all night long’;V bre ‘vacation in September-December’; helicopter ‘snow shovel’; grab by the nostril ‘take in tow’;lie ‘lift up or choose, drag towards oneself, towards oneself (from the "vira" team)’; Vladik ‘Vladivostok’;soak the anchors ‘stand at anchor for a long time’;galliuntimes ‘newspaper in the toilet’; Holland ‘Higher naval school in Sevastopol’;Debardaker ‘every mess’; grandfather , hazing ; fraction ! ‘team: « enough! stop working!”(in the navy)’; caperang ‘captain first rank’; drop ‘captain-lieutenant’; compass ; mine ‘lower or(push, pull)move away from oneself(from the "mine" team)’; fur ‘mechanic’; buyer ‘an officer who arrived at the military registration and enlistment office to receive a team of conscripts’, ‘a representative of a formation, a unit who arrived in the semi-crew to receive personnel young replenishment’; blazer ‘a person in an officer position, but without a diploma from a military university’; rapport ; bagel ‘helmsman’, new guy , starley ‘senior lieutenant’, starmos ‘senior sailor’; holdway ‘bad wine’; walks ‘floats’; chop , sniff ‘sail (about the ship)’; shkershchik ‘a worker who guts fish (usually by hand) on fishing vessels’; types of ships, names of ships: bandura , Warsaw woman ‘B class submarine’; diesel fuel ‘diesel submarine’, box , little one, tumbler, Rybinets,tuzik , pike ;
• hunters: hang on one's tail ‘chase the beast with hound dogs’; wheel ‘grouse's loose tail’; dug ‘sharp lower tusk of a boar’; kuyruk , burdock ‘deer's tail; shovel ‘beaver tail’; seasoned ‘dominant, head wolf ’; pestun, peston ‘old bear ’; pereyarok ‘yearling wolf’; log ‘wolf tail’; profitable ‘wolf before of the year’; embrace the beast ‘take away a hunted animal from a dog’; furry ‘squirrel tail’; pipe ‘fox tail’; fallen ‘hidden hare’; flower , bunch , burdock ‘forms tail hare’;
• carpenters and joiners: mold , zenzubel , tongue and groove (‘kinds planer’);
• printers: widow ‘incomplete line with which a page begins or ends’;clogged (font) ‘font, located for a long time in typed galleys or strips’; Christmas trees ‘quotes’; goat (goats ) ‘omission of text in prints’; paws ‘quotes’; slur ‘outsider imprint on imprint’; ending ‘decoration V end books’; slur ‘foreign imprint on the print’; band ‘column'; tendril - ‘ending with thickening in the middle’, tail ‘lower external field pages', and ' the bottom edge of a book, opposite the head of the book’; stranger (font) ‘letters of a font of a different style or size that are mistakenly included in the typed text or heading’; a cap ‘common title for several publications’;
• downworts (Orenburg): snowflakes , feline paws , rays , little trees , snakes , raspberries , large raspberries , little windows , millet , ropes (‘kinds patterns’);
• advertising (PR people): vital cycle ‘period, V flow whom noticeable positive reaction on advertising’; wall ‘inscription propaganda content on walls, fences, cars; used V black PR’; drain ‘tradition publicity Togo, What held on V secret’; elephant ‘authoritative face, organization, which can bring to the candidate additional vote voters’; sandwich -advertising ‘previously recorded video clip television or radio advertisements, inside whom reserved empty place For inserts special advertising messages’; background ‘effects, which accompany advertising announcement By radio And television or advertising V press’;
• rock musicians: operational drive ; execution live , under plywood ; labukh ‘bad musician’; drummer ‘drummer’; soundtrack ‘sound track’; cover-version ‘transfer’;
• builders: capital ‘overhaul’;
• taxi drivers: station worker ‘taxi driver, specializing on service station public’; hat ‘fastidious passenger Taxi’;
• theatrical: chief manager , give bridge ‘emotionally complete stage’; green play ‘last play season’; throw , leave text ‘fast repeat dialogue With partner’; pass the text kicks ‘physically distribute text on stage’; clean turn ‘full change scenery’;
• TV people: bow ‘funny story program news, to cheer up spectators’; leader ‘producer’; cranes , fishing rods ‘microphones on long stick, stretched To far standing hero plot’; sound ‘sound engineer, sound engineer’; suckers ‘spectators V studios’; furniture ‘People, invited V program, including communication with spectators: them they will give say one phrase or No, their called "For furniture"’; bush ‘big fluffy nozzle on microphone, protective his from wind’; soapy ‘ a sentimental film (often a television series) dedicated to the problems of love, family relations, raising children’;block synchronous ‘impose picture on interview, relevant, When Human speaks too much for a long time’; overlap ‘short plot, voiced Not correspondent, A leading’; eyeliner , ustnyak ‘words presenter before showing plot’; a gun ‘microphone’; shot down pilot ‘leading, which was Very popular, A Then disappeared With screen’; Cup , Stakankino ‘television center "Ostankino"’; ear ‘earphone, through which leading hears teams from hardware’; wheeze ‘message, transmitted correspondent V ether By telephone, with bad quality sound’;
• traders of old Moscow: handbrake ‘hand seller’; collar ' gatekeeper’; money for the wind ‘missing money’; prick ‘complete the deal’; sub-fence place ‘a place reserved for sale near a fence’;
• teachers: zero ‘preparatory Class’; window , good guy ;
• schoolchildren: wheel , wheels ‘vehicle’, control ; rooster ‘five'; spurs , crib ;
• electronics and computer engineers: tower ‘tower computer case (mini tower, midi tower, big tower)’; vir ‘computer virus’;truck ‘a character with ultra-high strength indicators, used to transport goods and resources’; freeze ; save ‘save’; script ‘ write a script, create some sequence of actions’;computer ;machinists And evaem people ‘computer center maintenance personnel’; soap box ‘a simple, cheap camera, player, radio, or any other portable device’;get too drunk ‘reboot’; armpit ‘mouse pad’; inkjet ‘jet printer’;to brake ‘extremely slow operation of a program or computer’; X horny ‘computer mouse' and etc.

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Each profession has its own specifics not only in the field of activity, but also in vocabulary. Terms, names of tools, work actions - all this has its own definitions, understandable only to specialists. Progress sweeps across the planet, and with the development of science, more and more new words appear. For example, it is worth noting that today there are almost 60 thousand items in the field of electronics, and in Ozhegov’s well-known dictionary there are 3 thousand fewer of them. There is no other way to describe this than a terminological explosion.

Professionalisms in the Russian language: place and meaning

First of all, let's define this phenomenon. Industrial vocabulary is an autonomous language system, which is a collection of all scientific and technical concepts and names. It has the most developed information function.

Special vocabulary penetrates into literary language, which is completely inevitable, since highly specialized words may well become commonly used objective reasons. This includes the popularization of scientific knowledge, increasing the level of people’s culture, and accessibility to modern communication technologies. For example, today everyone knows what apogee and perigee are; no one will be surprised by the expression “soft landing” or the science of selenology.

Literary language and professional vocabulary have a common word-formation basis, so a reverse cycle can also occur: famous concept receives a new meaning that has a narrow specialization.

Communication between specialists, all kinds scientific works, reports and production reports contain examples of professionalisms that have their own classification.

special vocabulary

First of all, this is a term (from Latin - “border”). This is the name of a word or phrase (in other words, a linguistic sign) that correlates with special concept. It is these terms that are included in the vast majority of neologisms appearing in Lately. An example is professionalism in medicine.

Terminological system: its components are, in fact, all the same linguistic signs, but have already undergone evolution from functioning as disparate (single) definitions to being combined into a holistic scientific theory.

Nomen (from Latin “family name”). This independent category vocabulary denoting a single, visible object. For example, when they show us a device and say that it is an oscilloscope, then we will imagine it every time as soon as we hear this word. For non-specialists, it is impossible to imagine another device that visualizes electrical vibrations.

The most democratic concept of special vocabulary is professionalism. They are especially widespread since most of them are unofficial synonyms of scientific concepts. Examples of professionalism can be found in explanatory dictionaries, and in newspapers and magazines, and in literary works, they often perform a figurative and expressive function in these texts.

Occurrence classification

There are three ways to form special words:

Actually lexical. This is the emergence of new special names. For example, fishermen from the verb “shkerit” (to gut fish) formed the name of the profession - “shkershik”.

Lexico-semantic. The emergence of professionalisms by rethinking an already known word, that is, the emergence of a new meaning for it. For printers, a header is not a headdress, but a heading that unites several publications. And a trumpet for a hunter means nothing more than the tail of a fox.

Lexico-word formation. Examples of professionalisms that arose in this way are easy to identify, since they use suffixes or addition of words. Everyone knows what a spare wheel is (a backup mechanism or part of something) or a chief editor - editor-in-chief.

Features of speech and special words

Despite the apparent limitation in use, professionalisms are found in all. The dryness of the official business style will not surprise anyone, therefore, professionalisms in it simple function conveying the meaning of an utterance.

As for scientific speech, professionalism is used here for several reasons:

For better assimilation of information through the imagery of special vocabulary;

They make it possible to quickly remember the text due to the capacity of concepts;

Tautologies are avoided by replacing terms with examples of professionalism.

For journalistic and artistic styles, the use of special words occurs with the same functions:

Informational;

Communicative (not only hero-hero communication, but also reader-author communication);

Saving speech effort - professionalism always explains in shorter terms;

Cognitive, forming cognitive interest.

Where do special words come from?

The main source of professionalisms, first of all, are native Russian words that have undergone semantic rethinking. They appear from common vocabulary: for example, for electricians, a hair becomes a thin wire. The colloquial layer of vocabulary gives the name of the hammer handle - kill, and the jargon suggested that the driver call downtime "kimarit". Even local dialects have shared the definition for the big road - highway.

Another source of the appearance of special words is borrowing from other languages. The most common of these professionalisms are examples of words in medicine. Whatever the name, it’s all Latin, except for the duck under the bed. Or, for example, a foreign printing machine with a form, called a cliche, from which we only have the designation of the drawing made by it.

Any branch of production has objects that make up a system in which classes can be distinguished. Both require specific names to be grouped into thematic groups.

About lexical-thematic groups

Professional titles contain not only knowledge about the industry, but also the speaker's attitude towards the subject. From this point of view, they can be objective (as a rule, these are nomen) and subjective:

Expressing negativity or irony towards the subject itself. So, a faulty car for motorists is a coffin.

Relation directly to the name. This is how the bomber became a bomber in aviation.

Even the quality of work can be indicated by professionalism. In construction, they say about brickwork: waste (little mortar) or zavalinka (uneven wall).

All these thematic groups are in certain connections, and it is they who fragment reality with the help of words.

About lexical-semantic groups

They are united not only by availability emotional assessment to the object or its name, but also, if possible, interact with each other. This concerns semantic relations: synonymy, homonymy, polysemy, metaphor. In this regard, the following groups can be distinguished:

Words that have an equivalent in common vocabulary. Their meaning can be found by opening Dictionary. There are a lot of professionalisms of this order in the Russian language: mine - large intercolumn spaces on a newspaper page.

Terminological synonyms. IN different areas professionalism means the same thing. For example, among motorists, builders and mechanical engineers, a crowbar is called a “pencil”.

Multiple meaning words. The word “Zhiguli”, in addition to the well-known meaning of a car as a trademark, refers to a specific camshaft in mechanical engineering.

And finally about jargon

Each profession has a number of words, phrases, and expressions that contain very vivid expression. These are usually informal synonyms for certain terms. They are used exclusively in communication between specialists and are called “professional jargon”.

The specificity of this vocabulary makes speech incomprehensible to an outsider who is outside this field of activity. Many programmers' professionalisms are tinged with jargon: teapot, dog or crib. They are already more reminiscent of argot - a social dialect widespread in a narrowly professional or even asocial environment. The function of this language is secret, it is only for “our own people”.

Conclusion

Everything related to professional vocabulary, jargon and even argot must be constantly studied, since this is a fairly large lexical layer that cannot be ignored, since it reflects historical processes and development of society.

The use of professionalisms, as well as the word “professionalism” itself, in everyday speech

Purpose of the work: to find out whether people use professionalism in Everyday life.

Ways to carry out work:

1). Survey using a questionnaire

2). Observations

3). Analysis of the results obtained

4). Comparison of the received data and bringing them together into a single whole

Work plan:
1). Introduction - theoretical part

2). Results in chart form

3).Analysis of results

4).Conclusion

What are professionalisms? Professionalisms are words or expressions characteristic of the speech of a particular professional group. Professionalisms usually act as colloquial equivalents of terms corresponding in meaning: a typo in the speech of newspapermen is a blunder; the steering wheel in the speech of drivers is a steering wheel; synchrophasotron in the speech of physicists is a saucepan, etc. The terms are legal names of any special concepts. Professionalisms are used as their informal substitutes only in the speech of persons associated with a profession, limited to a special topic. Often professionalisms have a local, local character. There is, however, a point of view according to which professionalism is synonymous with the concept of “term”. According to some researchers, professionalism is a “semi-official” name for a concept that is limited in use - the vocabulary of hunters, fishermen, etc.

By origin, professionalism, as a rule, is the result of a metaphorical transfer of the meanings of words from everyday vocabulary to terminological concepts: by similarity, for example, between the shape of a part and everyday reality, the nature of the production process and a well-known action, or, finally, by emotional association.

Professionalisms are always expressive and are contrasted with the precision and stylistic neutrality of terms. Professionalisms are similar to jargons and words of colloquial vocabulary in their reduced, rough expression, and also in the fact that they, like jargons and colloquialisms, are not an independent linguistic subsystem with its own grammatical features, but a kind of small lexical complex. Due to the expressiveness inherent in professionalisms, they relatively easily pass into the vernacular, as well as into the colloquial speech of the literary language. For example: the cover is “a mistake” (from the actor’s speech), the wiper is “a car windshield wiper” (from the speech of motorists).

Like terms, professionalisms are used in language fiction as a visual medium.

And so, we found out that professionalisms are words characteristic of a particular profession, sometimes close to jargon.

At the second stage of our work, we conducted a survey among people of various professions. In particular, teachers.

To the diagram: 40% of respondents said that they do not know what professionalism is, 27% can guess, more than 30% of respondents answered that they know. Some respondents insisted that the word “professionalism” does not exist, but only professional vocabulary (a concept close in meaning). Slightly more than half said that they often use professionalisms in everyday life; the majority agreed that professionalisms help them communicate with people in their profession, but several people, including a couple of teachers, said that they get along just fine in speech without them.
We also asked all respondents to give a couple of examples of professionalism related to their profession.

Here are the examples we received:

Teachers - pedagogical skills, project, non-linear learning process, class magazine, equation, music teacher - major mood, you are false (in the sense of lying), book sorter - codification (of books), coach - cutting, economist - asset, credit, debit, engineer - sunbed, riser, helmsman - fordak, tacking (overtaking), compass (instead of compass).

From the examples described above, it is clear that many (about 92%) do not perceive the word “professionalism” well. Some Russian language teachers insisted that the words “professionalism” in given value doesn't exist at all. From which we can conclude that the term “professionalism” itself refers to professional vocabulary.

After conducting the survey, we came to the unanimous opinion that we do not need the term “professionalism” in everyday life. We understand each other perfectly well even without him. For example, when we explained what these very professionalisms are, the example of a sailor - a compass - was very helpful. People often use professionalisms and find them convenient. Professionalisms also help people in the same profession understand each other better. Professionalism can become synonymous with ordinary words in everyday life (for example, major mood means “good mood”)

This methodological development for 6th grade can be used as when studying new topic, and when consolidating, slightly changing some elements of the lesson. The development contains a systematic repetition of all terms studied in the "Lexicology" section

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Detailed Russian lesson plan

in 6th grade on the topic:

"Professionalism"

(according to the textbook by T. A. Ladyzhenskaya)

teacher of Russian language and literature

MKOU Verkhnetereshanskaya secondary school

Starokulatkinsky district

Ulyanovsk region

Aksyanova Guzel Saitovna

Target setting:

Educational goals.

Knowledge: provide knowledge about vocabulary of limited use, in particular about professionalisms.

Skills: to develop the practical ability to correctly use professionalisms in everyday speech, “not to litter” the Russian literary language with an excessive number of professionalisms; improve the ability to correctly perform linguistic analysis: morphemic, phonetic, orthographic elements.

Skills: improve your writing skills: spellings (spelling of unstressed vowels at the root of a word, spelling of unpronounceable consonants at the root of a word),punctograms (end of sentence mark).

Speech development: improvement different types speech activity: reading educational texts, expressive reading, listening to the teacher and each other, development of oral monologue and dialogical speech, letter(the number of words recorded in the lesson is 115), the development of communicative and speech skills (composing phrases, sentences, the ability to title a text, determine its topic).

1. High speech development character of the didactic material.
2. Stylistic aspect: the lesson used an artistic style and an educational and scientific substyle of the scientific style.

1. Developmental goals:

1. development of thinking, memory, attention, imagination;
2. creating a psychologically comfortable environment in the classroom.

III. Educational goals:

1. cultivate attention to the surrounding world;
2. develop interest in the Russian language, oral and written speech;
3. bring up serious attitude to teaching and student work, to the subject.
4. to introduce through proverbs and sayings to the cultural heritage of the Russian people.

Lesson equipment:decorated board, textbook

(T. A. Ladyzhenskaya), cards with text, dictionaries (spelling, explanatory).

Methods: teacher's word with elements of conversation, training exercises, work with illustrations, elements of language analysis, observation of linguistic phenomena.

During the classes.

1. Organizing time

1. Greetings
2. Report from the duty officer on readiness for the lesson.
3. Creating a positive psychological attitude among students

II. Survey

Checking homework

Frontal survey on the topic “Lexicology”

What does lexicology study?

What areas of vocabulary did we study last year?

What words are called commonly used?

What sections of uncommon vocabulary are we already familiar with?

III.Learning new material

1. Carrying out the game “Guess the profession”. Today we will talk about professions.

A) He showed me his watercolors and still lifes. The impression from still lifes is a bright, motley carpet of colors, shimmering and sparkling with all the colors of the palette.

B) Leshem Rimsky - Korsakov came up with two themes. He entrusted one to string instruments. The second is played by four horns and cymbals. The theme of Santa Claus sounds stern and sad.

How did you determine this?

2. The teacher’s word about professionalism. Write down the topic of the lesson in your notebook.

3.Introduction to the objectives of the lesson.

4. Filling out directories:

Professionalisms are words associated with the characteristics of the work of people in a particular specialty or profession.

5.Work in pairs.

Each envelope contains the name of the profession. Select terms used by people of a particular profession.
Musicians Military Doctors Mathematicians Historians Chauffeurs Lawyers;
opera artillery medicine square emperor battery lawyer;
clarinet shell bronchitis equation peasants carburetor prosecutor;
romance landing inhalation multiply governor tire fitting judge;
violin cartridge graft equality feudalism bumper witness;
note battalion boil circle reform brake appeal.
Examination. Each pair reads 1 column. The rest check that the work is being done correctly. If anyone notices a mistake, let him silently raise his hand.

Correct answer:

musicians doctors projectile
military mathematicians bronchitis
vaccination inhalation drivers
boil square opera
lawyers multiply equation
equality medicine feudalism
battery circle clarinet
romance violin reform
emperor battalion carburetor
tire service peasants voivode
historians bumper brake
lawyer patron prosecutor
judge note landing
witness appeal artillery

1. Reinforcing the material learned

1. Working with the textbook.

Performing exercises 67, 68.

1. Work with text

Aunt Polya is a surgeon, and my mother is the head of the factory outpatient clinic. As soon as they meet, a conversation begins between them, in which ordinary words are replaced by medical ones. Before I could enter, Aunt Polya asked me:
-Well, Alik, how is your caries?
I just shrugged my shoulders:
-I don’t have any caries.
-How about your tooth? Have you already had a filling done?
Only then did I understand what was going on: a week ago I had a toothache and they treated it at the clinic.
But, in my opinion, it’s much easier to ask instead of the words caries and put a filling: “Have you cured the tooth?” But I didn't argue! You can't convince them.

Is the hero of this story right that there is no need to use professional words at all?

V. Lesson summary

What words did you learn about in class today?

VI. Reflection.

Continue the sentence using professionalism:

I think this lesson...

VII. Homework

P. 15, ex. 69

VIII. Assessment