Scary people. Sanaev Vsevolod Vasilievich Lidiya Antonovna Sanaeva 1918 1995

Sanaev had only one wife... But what a wife!

In our time, the actor’s grandson Pavel Sanaev has washed his dirty laundry in public, telling in the story “Bury Me Behind the Baseboard” the story of the difficult relationship between the elder Sanaevs and their daughter Elena and her chosen one, Rolan Bykov.

The image of a grandmother who can “love you to death” came out very colorful.

How were things really?

That's what we'll talk about.

Vsevolod Sanaev wanted to work at the Moscow Art Theater. His dream came true, albeit not in the form he was promised.

After graduating from GITIS, the guy was accepted into the troupe of the famous theater, where the luminaries firmly held the line, not allowing the youngsters to play.

In 1938, Sanaev made his film debut, in two roles at once, and even in the hit “Volga-Volga”, but the roles turned out to be so small that the viewer did not remember them. Sanaev’s work in Pyryev’s film “Beloved Girl” was more successful, after which the actor began to be recognized.

"GIRLFRIEND"

While on tour in Kyiv, Vsevolod met philology student Lydia Goncharenko and fell in love. For a whole month he tried to persuade her to get married. As a result, Lida agreed, although all relatives were against marriage with the actor.

The peaceful course of life was disrupted by the war. At the very beginning, Sanaev was called to filming in Borisoglebsk, and while he was there, Moscow, as a front-line city, was closed. Languishing in Borisoglebsk, Sanaev did not know that Lydia and her young son had been evacuated to Alma-Ata.

In Alma-Ata, the boy fell ill and died, which became a psychological trauma for Lydia, from which the woman was never able to recover.

When Elena was born a year later, all the complex love of a mother fell upon her.

Elena Sanaeva said:

“Having lost her son, she was afraid of losing both my dad and me, and this endless fear drove her into the stress in which she lived. She sometimes manifested it in a peculiar way: in childhood, when I fell, she could also kick in: “How did you fall?!” Why did you go there?!”

The second incident that turned Lydia Sanaeva’s life into hell happened in the early 1950s. A woman told a political joke in the communal kitchen, about which someone knocked in the right direction. After talking with people in civilian clothes, Lydia destroyed all valuables. She cut up her fur coat and broke a bottle of perfume. She had to be admitted to a psychiatric hospital, diagnosed with persecution mania, where the unfortunate woman was treated with insulin shock.

These events forced Vsevolod Sanaev to finally leave the Moscow Art Theater (from which he had already left and returned again).

Here's what my daughter says about it:

“The director of the theater at that time was the famous Alla Konstantinovna Tarasova, with whom we lived in the same house. One day they were returning home together, and her father decided to consult with her: “Alla Konstantinovna, I decided to leave the theater.” - “What happened, Sevochka? - she asked. “Everyone treats you so well.” “You see,” he complained, “my wife is sick, I work alone, I live in a communal apartment (Tarasova herself had a four-room apartment), and I don’t have roles for which it would be worth turning a blind eye to all this.” And she, after thinking, replied: “Unfortunately, Sevochka, you are probably right: as long as the Moscow Art Theater luminaries are alive, they will not give you anything to play.”

This departure had a beneficial effect on Sanaev’s film career. He began filming a lot, with high quality, and soon became one of the leading figures on our screen.

AS COLONEL ZORIN

Meanwhile, Sanaev’s daughter grew up and also decided to become an actress. From her first marriage, she gave birth to a son, Pavel, who became the light in the window for her grandmother for 11 years.

After her daughter’s divorce, Lydia insisted that the child would not communicate with his father. Elena could not contradict her mother and invited her husband to meet with her son secretly. He refused such handouts.

And then Elena Sanaeva, on the set of the film “Docker,” met Rolan Bykov, whom the older generation of Sanaevs categorically did not accept.

Pavel Sanaev recalls:

“Screams, curses and manipulation of guilt were the grandmother’s main weapons. She loved us, but with such tyrannical fury that her love turned into a weapon mass destruction. No one could resist the grandmother. The meeting with Rolan Bykov became a chance for my mother to change the balance of power in her favor. When my mother got out of my grandmother’s control, she could not forgive Roland.

Bykov was considered an enemy of the family for a very long time. There were many rumors about him, which, of course, were inflated in every possible way in our house. “The devil has messed with the baby!” - Grandfather repeated pathetically, convinced that Roland would not only “not get along with his mother,” but would also “spoil her and throw her out.” My grandmother also insisted that she was saving me, who was sick, with her last strength, and my mother, instead of helping her, “dragged” with Roland to the set.

Mom was allowed to visit me only a couple of times a month, and each of our meetings, which I looked forward to, ended in a terrible quarrel. My mother couldn’t take me to her place. It was as unthinkable as, for example, coming and asking Stalin for something... Only once, when I was about eight years old, my mother and I ran away. It happened suddenly. Mom, seizing the moment when my grandmother went out to the store and my grandfather was somewhere filming, took me to her place.”

From 4 to 11 years old, Pavel was raised away from his mother. But gradually everything somehow settled down.

When Lydia died in 1995, Vsevolod, who had suffered a lot from her character, quickly burned out. He said to his daughter: “Lel, let her not say anything at all, just sit in a corner on the bed, if only she was alive.”

Vsevolod left after his wife at the moment when his much disliked son-in-law Rolan Bykov measured his blood pressure.

Soviet cinema is radically different from modern Russian cinema not only in the quality of the films produced. TV viewers throughout the CIS still continue to watch “The Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath” every New Year, and outside of the holidays I wouldn’t mind watching the film “Volga, Volga” directed by , “Hearts of Four” by Konstantin Yudin and others.

The secret to the success of period films Soviet Union associated not only with nostalgia, historical value and directing, huge contribution What contributes to their popularity is the soulful performances of the cast.

Childhood and youth

Vsevolod Vasilyevich Sanaev was born in Russia (then Russian empire) February 25, 1912 in a poor large family of workers (12 children in the family). The boy grew up on the outskirts of the industrial city of Tula. Studying at school was difficult for Vsevolod, and he studied reluctantly. For this reason, Vasily Sanaev took his son from school and sent him to master working profession to a factory that produced accordions.

So the future actor became an apprentice at the company where his father also worked. The young man’s responsibilities included assembly and configuration musical instruments. At the age of 16, Vsevolod himself taught the profession to two apprentices. While working at the factory, the young man was haunted by the thought that he was not doing what he was passionate about.

Even as a child, Vsevolod and his mother went to the theater where the Moskovsky was touring Art Theater showed a performance based on the play “Uncle Vanya”. The boy was very impressed by the acting, the atmosphere of the theater, but even to dream about theater career didn't dare. However, Vsevolod began to enjoy attending the Hammer and Sickle amateur theater in Tula as a listener. Having achieved positive results in acting, the young man, although not the first time, entered the drama studio.

Already in 1930, Sanaev became an actor in the backup cast of the theater, which worked at the Tula Cartridge Plant OJSC. His career was rapidly going up. A year later, Vsevolod was already working as an actor at the Tula State Academic Drama Theater named after. For further professional development young man it was necessary to obtain specialized education.

A senior mentor at the theater prepared Vsevolod for the entrance exams to the theater working faculty in Moscow. Despite the family's censure (the parents of working professions did not take the hobbies of their adult son seriously), Sanaev went to the capital to study.

After graduating from the workers' faculty, Vsevolod improved his professionalism at the theater technical school under the leadership of Nikolai Plotnikov. Given the acute lack of finances, the young man had to work hard in the evenings. Vsevolod’s diligence helped him to enter college after graduating from college. State Institute theatrical art, where the talented director Mikhail Tarkhanov became the mentor of the future actor.

Since 1943, Vsevolod has changed several more theaters on the stage of which he performed. In 1943, he worked at the State Academic Theater named after Mossovet of the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, and in 1946 - at the State Theater of Film Actors. In 1952, Sanaev wanted to move to the Moscow Art Theater, but the proposed roles did not suit him: the actor’s wife became seriously ill, and the family was in dire need of money.

Movies

After graduating from college, Vsevolod Sanaev got a job as an actor at the Moscow Art Theater. Despite the popularity of art in those days, there was little work and competition was high, so the aspiring actor turned his attention to the developing cinema.

In 1938, a musical comedy with the participation of Vsevolod “Volga, Volga” appeared on Soviet television screens. The actor made his film debut in two small roles at once: a young man played a musician and a lumberjack. But just two years later, Sanaev had his first big and serious role as the worker Dobryakov in feature film"Girlfriend".

In total, the actor has played 89 roles in Soviet and Russian films, 2 roles in television plays and one voice-over in a cartoon.

Personal life

The biography of Vsevolod Sanaev in terms of the actor’s personal life until recently remained a blank spot, until Vsevolod Sanaev’s grandson released the biographical book “Bury Me Behind the Baseboard,” which tells about the family life of the famous grandfather.

WITH future wife The actor met Lydia Antonovna (nee Goncharenko) on the eve of the Great Patriotic War, when he was on tour in Kyiv with the Moscow Art Theater troupe. Almost from the very moment he met Lydia, a student at the Faculty of Philology, Vsevolod decided to marry the young beauty. All the girl’s relatives were against their marriage, but you can’t help your heart - Lydia left for Moscow with Sanaev.

Lydia Antonovna was sincerely devoted to her husband and family, but suffered from a depressive disorder, which made it difficult family life Sanaev. After one recklessly told joke in a common kitchen (the family lived in a communal apartment), the secret services became interested in the girl’s personality, as a result of which the impressionable Lydia ended up in a psychiatric ward with an official diagnosis of persecution mania.

With the beginning of the war, Vsevolod Vasilyevich went on tour to Borisoglebsk, leaving his wife and little son in Moscow, but was unable to return due to the hostilities. Lydia with the baby in her arms was evacuated to the territory of Kazakhstan. There, two-year-old Alexey contracted measles and diphtheria, which is why he soon died. The loss of her first child was a terrible blow for Lydia Sanaeva.

In 1943, the Sanaevs had a daughter, who early childhood suffered from jaundice. Against the background of her daughter’s serious illness, Lydia Antonovna developed an acute fear of losing her daughter after her son, who accompanied the woman all her life. This problem greatly complicated the family life of the spouses. As a result, according to the artist’s grandson, Vsevolod Ivanovich often did not want to return home, even though he devotedly loved his wife.

Vsevolod Vasilyevich’s relationship with his daughter was also difficult: the imperious Lydia Antonovna did not want to accept her daughter’s choice, and the father did not want to argue. Elena Vsevolodovna first married engineer Vladimir Konuzin, and the girl’s second husband was the director. From her first marriage, Elena gave birth to a son, Pavel, who became a writer, director, and actor.

Death of Vsevolod Sanaev

Vsevolod Vasilyevich worked on the set with irrepressible vital energy until the end of his life, as long as his health condition allowed.

At the age of 75, the actor suffered a serious heart attack, but survived, according to his daughter, solely for the sake of love for his wife - he was afraid to leave her without support. In 1995, Lydia Antonovna died, and ten months later Vsevolod Antonovich also died.

The cause of the actor's death was a serious oncological disease - lung cancer. The grave of Sanaev and his wife is located on Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.

In memory of the actor’s contribution to theatrical cinema, a postal envelope with a photo of Vsevolod Sanaev was issued in December 2011.

Filmography

• 1938 – “Volga, Volga”
• 1941 – “Hearts of Four”
• 1948 – “Young Guard”
• 1959 – “The Ballad of a Soldier”
• 1963 – “Optimistic Tragedy”
• 1969 – “Strange People”
• 1983 – “White Dew”
• 1987 – “Forgotten Melody for Flute”
• 1995 – “Shirley Myrli”

I watched "Bury Me Behind the Baseboard."
The film is surreal, radiating concentrated anger and hatred.
I was completely shocked by the ending of the film: little Judas over his grandmother’s coffin whispers to his mother such that the mother freezes, realizing that the monster has already grown ...

The story was written by the grandson of Vsevolod Sanaev, a functionary from Soviet cinema.
He lived with his wife for 50 years. Her name was Lydia Goncharenko, married to Sanaeva, and she was once a philology student, whom he brought to Moscow from a Kyiv tour before the Second World War.

Sanaev’s wife with their daughter Elena, who was born to them during the war.
Sanaev did not fight, he lived in evacuation.

Elena Sanayeva gave birth to a son, Pavel.
He looks a lot like his mother. The lower lip is a copy, and this is an important sign))

Red fleshy mouth with a special protruding curved lower lip

The lower lip has a life of its own

Physiognomy

Determining a person's character by his face

I will try to analyze the character of Pavel Sanaev by his face in order to explain to myself how such an “autobiographical” book could be written by a person who lived with his grandfather and grandmother from 4 to 11 years old.
If he lived in a normal, traditional family, with a mother and father, he would certainly have expressed himself in similar literature))

Frozen (eyelids)
Pessimism (eyelids)
The lower lip protrudes above the upper - selfishness
If one corner of the mouth is higher than the other, there is a tendency to deceive.
Constantly twitching mouth - nervousness and excitement.
Mouth slanted to one side - nervousness, tendency to sarcasm.
An unsteadily shaped mouth, with corners curving downwards - a stormy character.
From what I read earlier, I remember that a person with a fat, shiny, protruding lower lip is ALWAYS DISSATISFIED, criticizes EVERYTHING, and is a severe, selfish pessimist.
PAVL SANAEV'S LIP, INHERITED FROM HIS MOTHER, EXPLAINS EVERYTHING. Including an “autobiographical” book.

A man's face is like an open book. Everything says it - eyebrows, eyes, mouth, every wrinkle. With age, faces change, but the most important features remain unchanged, and some begin to manifest themselves more clearly. It is believed that physiognomy is the most ancient science in the world and originated in China. Chinese physiognomists say that you can even read his fate from a person’s face.

Many viewers are well aware of the work of Vsevolod Sanaev. This Soviet actor is famous not only for his film roles, but also theatrical works. The audience always loved the characters he played. It was work that saved him from life’s problems and gave meaning to life. The actor had a lot of problems, but the audience in the audience never saw this.

Difficult childhood years

The city of Tula, where the future actor Vsevolod Sanaev was born in 1912, was provincial. but a fairly large industrial center located close to Moscow. The large family consisted of twelve children, so she always lived poorly.

The future actor did not like studying too much, so his father decided to send him to work in a factory. At the enterprise where the child was assigned, accordions were made. Having studied the skill, the guy became an apprentice to his father. Despite the fact that in general he liked the work, he did not want to make tools all his life. His soul yearned for the theater, the world where his mother took him as a child.

Tula is not far from the capital, so tours of Moscow theaters took place here very often. The guy enjoyed going to performances of famous groups. The boy especially liked the play based on Chekhov’s play “Uncle Vanya.” Vsevolod was delighted with the acting and the atmosphere that reigned in the hall. He dreamed of becoming an artist in order to be involved in the world of art.

The appearance of an amateur theater in the city helped to achieve the desired goal. To get into the circle, the boy had to make a lot of effort. He didn’t succeed the first time, but his persistence and desire to play helped him achieve what he wanted.

Theater career

The artist Sanaev first appeared on stage in 1930. At first it was a backup cast of the troupe, but the talent was noticed very soon young talent invited to Moscow. To play in the State Academic Drama Theater named after Maxim Gorky, it was necessary to receive an appropriate education. Despite his parents' dissatisfaction, the guy entered the theater college. and left for Moscow.

When the training was successfully completed, Vsevolod decided to improve his skills under the guidance of Nikolai Plotnikov at his native technical school. Like any student of those times, he did not have enough money, so the future actor worked in the evenings to support himself.

Vsevolod Sanaev began working in the Moscow theater in the difficult year of 1943. The roles he played at the Mossovet Academic Theater could not fully satisfy the artist’s creative ambitions, and three years later he moved to the film actor’s theater.

When in the early fifties an offer was made to move to the Moscow Art Theater, Sanaev refused, since the roles that were offered did not suit him professionally, and most importantly, financially. The money was needed for the treatment of his seriously ill wife.

Love for cinema

At first, the aspiring actor did not have a large number of roles in the theater., and Vsevolod Vasilyevich sometimes took part in filming.

The first film in which he participated was the film " Private life Peter Vinogradov. It was shot by Alexander Macheret. In the picture talented actor played the role of a Red Army soldier in a short episode.

This little work was the beginning long way in cinematography. Despite the fact that she did not bring much fame, success was very close. It was followed by more significant works:

• In 1938, Sanaev starred in the cult film of that time “Volga, Volga”. Director Alexandrov entrusted to the young actor two small but noticeable roles. After this film, the number of film offers increased several times.
• In 1940, in the film “Beloved Girl,” directed by Ivan Pyryev, the actor played the main role, which became the first work of this level in his life. His hero is an ordinary turner who is going through a love drama. The plot of the picture is simple and lies in the fact that the hero had an absurd quarrel with his beloved girl, suspicions arose that she was unfaithful, and they parted. After much ups and downs, through the efforts of friends and relatives, a logical reconciliation and family reunion finally took place.

The filmography of the films in which Sanaev starred is extensive. His list of works includes about 90 different roles. One of the most famous to Russian audiences is his role in the film “White Dews”. It was filmed in 1983.

His hero is an ordinary villager Fyodor Filimonovich Khodas or Fedos, as his neighbor and friend calls him. He says goodbye to his home and everything that made up the meaning of life, as the hopeless village is swallowed up by the city. To live in multi-storey building I don’t want to, and the person suffers. All he wants to do in the rest of his life is to arrange the fate of his sons, and then he can die, he believes. Director Dobrolyubov made a cult film that is still relevant today, and in this he was helped by a stellar ensemble of actors.

Difficult personal life

The artist did not like to talk about his family. Only many years later, when his grandson wrote the book “Bury Me Behind the Baseboard,” which became a bestseller, the secret was revealed. The story describes Vsevolod Sanaev himself, biography, personal life and wife with biographical accuracy.

Grandson Pavel Vladimirovich Sanaev is not only a writer, but also a very versatile creative person. He has acting and directing education. This was his first and successful work in literature. The famous grandfather was certainly proud of him.

It is now known that Vsevolod Sanaev's wife, Lidiya Sanaeva. Met her famous artist before the war, when he was on tour in Kyiv with the Moscow Art Theater troupe.

Lydia Antonovna, at that time Goncharenko, studied there as a philologist. Vsevolod immediately fell in love, and the girl reciprocated. Despite the desire of the young people to get married, the bride's parents were against it. However, when it was time to return to Moscow, Lydia followed him. Love and youth overcame all obstacles, and, despite the claims of their relatives that this should end quickly, they lived together for more than fifty years.

She became a good wife and a wonderful mother to her daughter, but family relationships were often tense. The reason for this was the constant depression that the woman had. At one time, after an unsuccessfully told joke, she was summoned to the relevant authorities, and the impressionable Lydia decided that she was under surveillance. After one such breakdown, she was in the psychiatric ward of a capital hospital.

Another tragedy made the situation worse. At the beginning of the war, when Vsevolod Vasilyevich was on tour, his wife and little son were evacuated to Kazakhstan, where the baby fell ill and died of diphtheria. This was a blow to the family, and only when a daughter was born in 1943 did everything calm down a little.

Elena, like any child, was often sick. But the mother was afraid of losing her second child, so she took care of her as best she could. Fear haunted the woman for the rest of her life. Despite his love for his wife, Sanaev sometimes did not want to return home. There I had to control myself more than on stage. Every awkwardly spoken word caused hysteria or a quarrel.

The relationship with his daughter was no less difficult. The girl was literally divorced from her first husband, Vladimir Konuzin, by her domineering mother, because she believed that a simple engineer was not a match for her. Vsevolod Vasilievich chose not to interfere in the conflict. As a result, despite the birth of her son Pavel, the future actress broke up with him.

The second chosen one of actress Elena Sanaeva was famous actor and director Rolan Bykov. He snatched the girl from her mother’s stuffy world, but the grandmother did not allow her to take her son with her, leaving him as a hostage. Although Pavel remembers with gratitude the moments of communication with his stepfather. Life with his grandmother became hell for him.

Death of a famous actor

Work saved Vsevolod Vasilyevich from the unsettled personal life. His indefatigable energy allowed him to work almost until the end of his days. But time flew inexorably.

At the age of 75, he had a severe heart attack, from which it was difficult to recover. But love for his sick wife and reluctance to leave her alone without support forced the actor to fight for life and win. Only when Lydia Antonovna died did his strength dry up, and the actor died ten months after her departure. According to documents, the cause of Sanaev’s death was lung cancer, but most likely he was tired of life. The actor was buried with his wife. The grave is located at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Sanaev Vsevolod Vasilievich

People's Artist of the USSR (1969)
Laureate of the State Prize of the RSFSR named after. Vasilyev brothers (1967, for the role of Ermolai Voevodin in the film “Your Son and Brother”)
Diploma winner of the All-Bulgarian Festival in Varna (1972, for the film “The Stolen Train”)
Laureate of the All-Union XVII Film Festival in Kyiv in the category “Prizes for the best acting work” for 1984 (film “White Dews”)
Knight of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor

Vsevolod's childhood years were spent on the working-class outskirts of Tula, next to an arms factory. The large family of Sanaevs was very friendly, but at school Vsevolod did not study well and often stood outside the classroom door for all sorts of tricks, later receiving strong slaps on the head from his mother. Due to poor academic performance, Vsevolod's father Vasily Sanaev sent his son to work, and the boy became an employee of a harmonium factory. He quickly mastered the profession of a half-cutter, and by the age of 16 he himself had two students. Sanaev's duties included assembling the accordion and tuning the instrument. At the same time, Vsevolod’s acting abilities began to emerge. When guests came to the Sanaevs on holidays, Vsevolod, in order to amuse the guests, easily imitated any of those present.

When the Moscow Art Theater came to Tula on tour, Sanaev saw the play “Uncle Vanya” by Chekhov, which made a deep impression on him. To try himself as an actor, he, together with his acquaintance, worker Gury Karneev, came to a rehearsal of a local amateur theater at the Hammer and Sickle club, where Sanaev was again impressed by the ability of the director of the harmonium factory, Sinyavin, to masterfully impersonate. Having become interested in the profession of an actor, Sanaev began to often attend club rehearsals, and when the theatre studio, tried to enroll there, but was rejected due to insufficient education. However, Vsevolod continued trying to get into the studio and asked: “I will do whatever you need, just take it!” Thanks to such persistence, he was finally taken into the studio. During the day he worked at a harmonica factory, and in the evening he went to the theater, where he was a stage worker, a noisemaker, a lighting designer, and even played two small roles. But in order to play in real performances, one had to study, and Sanaev’s mentor was the Tula theater actor Kudashev, who helped Sanaev prepare for exams in Moscow for the theater workers’ school.

For his parents, Vsevolod’s desire to become an actor was a surprise, and they decided that he simply did not want to work. “You will die, you will disappear under some Moscow fence,” they said. In order for the son to return faster, the mother and father hid his winter coat and did not give him money for the journey. But Sanaev did not return. He studied at the workers' faculty for two years, after which he spent another year at the theater technical school, taking the course of Nikolai Plotnikov. He lived in a hostel on Sobachaya Square, worked part-time at the station at night, unloading cars, and soon became a student at GITIS.

One of the first performances seen in Moscow was the Moscow Art Theater “At the Gates of the Kingdom” with the participation of Kachalov. Sanaev was shocked, and later said: “I only want to serve in this theater, only this is how I should be.” real actor. Either I’ll go back to collecting harmonicas, or I’ll learn to play like them.” The young actor was lucky at GITIS. In addition to Plotnikov, acting skills were also taught to students on the course by Mikhail Tarkhanov, about whom Sanaev later said: “For us, he was a school of life’s truth in art. Knew many secrets acting, taught students how to treat their bodies and surrounding objects, how to pronounce words on stage in such a way that, even if you speak in a whisper, you will be heard and understood in the gallery.” Sometimes Vsevolod accompanied Tarkhanov home, and the teacher generously shared his thoughts about art with the student.

When Sanaev was graduating from GITIS, the Moscow Art Theater announced a competition for young actors, at which Vsevolod read to the commission an excerpt from Gogol’s story “How Ivan Ivanovich and Ivan Nikiforovich Quarreled.” Out of seven hundred applicants, Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko chose three GITIS graduates, among whom was Sanaev. Thus, he ended up in the theater he dreamed of. Young actors were not hired straight away - they were considered “candidates” and were included only in auxiliary compounds troupe, but because large quantity famous actors It was not easy for a newcomer to break into such a team. Nevertheless, Sanaev soon moved to the main team. There was a tradition at the Moscow Art Theater: on the first floor, the “old people” - the “golden fund” of the theater - dressed and made up, and the fourth floor was assigned to the youth. Sanaevsky’s “descent to fame” was rapid: having played the role of Pikalov in Yarovaya Love and Chepurin in Ostrovsky’s play Labor Bread, he descended from the fourth floor to the first within a year. Soon, on a theater tour in Kyiv, he met Lida, a student at the Faculty of Philology. The Moscow Art Theater troupe performed in Kyiv for only a month, but this time was enough for Sanaev to persuade the girl to marry him and leave for Moscow. Later they lived together all their lives.

Simultaneously with the start of work in the theater, Sanaev began acting in films, the film “Beloved Girl” directed by Ivan Pyryev was one of the first. Sanaev said that working with Pyryev was not easy. Once the lights were on for a long time in the pavilion, the young actors sitting behind the scenery were telling each other jokes and the director did not like their laughter. Pyryev jumped out of his chair, shouted and chased after the actors, waving a stick. Having caught up with them, Pyryev said, looking at Sanaev: “You will still act in film, but you will never!” Sanayev never saw his colleague at Mosfilm again.

In addition to “Girl with Character,” Vsevolod then starred in “Volga-Volga” and “Hearts of Four.” But the start was successful creative career Sanayev was interrupted by the war. And he, having said goodbye to his wife and son who had been born by that time, went to collection point, but the conscripts were ordered to report to their military registration and enlistment offices and await further instructions. At the same time, work began on propaganda film collections for the front, and Sanaev left with the film crew to Borisoglebsk, in aviation school named after Chkalov. But when filming ended, he was unable to return to Moscow - German troops were on the outskirts of the capital, entry into the city was closed. The Moscow Art Theater was evacuated, and Sanaev’s wife left for Alma-Ata, but Vsevolod did not know about this. He was offered to work at the Borisoglebsky Chernyshevsky Theater, which showed performances for soldiers twice a day. Theater actors played at train stations for those going to war, and in hospitals for the wounded, as well as on the front line. Sanaev believed that his place was in battle, but after each performance the actors were surrounded by fighters, thanked for their performance and promised to fight the enemy to the death. Once they were playing for snipers who came from their posts in white camouflage coats, and one of the soldiers gave the actors a small bouquet of snowdrops. This was a very expensive award for the artists.

Meanwhile, in Alma-Ata, in a cold gym crowded with refugees, the Sanaevs’ first-born Alyosha fell ill with measles and diphtheria. The two year old had heat, he was out of breath and consoled his crying mother: “Mommy, dear, don’t cry, I’ll get better.” But the boy died, and after burying her son, Lida Sanaeva miraculously found her husband a few months later. Soon during the war, they had a daughter, whom they named Elena. The girl was very weak, with thin arms and legs. Vsevolod loved his daughter very much; when he came home, he always brought sugar to little Lena, but she grew up as a very sickly child, and Sanaev jokingly called his daughter “rotten.” Later, Elena Sanaeva said: “That’s probably why my parents raised me with double severity and love. That is, if I fell, my mother could give me a kick for it. And to the question “why?” usually answered: “A curse inspires, but a blessing weakens!”

After the war, the Sanaev family returned to Moscow and began to live on Bankovsky Lane, in a communal apartment, in a room measuring nine meters. Vsevolod worked hard to change it to large apartment, but all family savings disappeared due to monetary reforms. One day, in the communal kitchen, Lida Sanaeva carelessly told a joke, and the NKVD officers who appeared after the denunciation began asking neighbors about the young woman. Lydia took this seriously and was admitted to a psychiatric hospital for several months, diagnosed with persecution mania. Vsevolod Sanaev, who really wanted to protect his family from such situations, bought a separate apartment in a cooperative building in the mid-1950s, but by that time he himself had suffered a massive heart attack while filming the film “Diamonds.” Vsevolod Sanaev and his wife Lida lived in this apartment until the end of their days.

His daughter Elena spoke about Vsevolod Sanaev’s post-war career: “My father didn’t sit without roles, but he couldn’t get ahead, and acting in films was almost impossible back then - they let him leave the theater very reluctantly. One day, returning home after a performance with the director of the Moscow Art Theater Alla Konstantinovna Tarasova, Vsevolod Sanaev told her that he had decided to leave the theater for the cinema. After being silent for a while, she replied: “You’re probably doing the right thing, Sevochka. As long as THEY are alive (she meant the luminaries of the Moscow Art Theater), they will not let you play.” The father did not regret his choice. He said about leaving the theater: “Leaving the Moscow Art Theater, friends, the stage is, of course, not an easy matter. But cinema beckoned, and it was thought that more could be done in cinema. The bad soldier is the one who doesn’t dream of becoming a general.” And then it just arrived in time good offer from Mikhail Kalatozov - the role of the director of a state farm in the first Virgin Lands film. Kalatozov gathered wonderful young actors: Oleg Efremov, Izolda Izvitskaya, Nina Doroshina, Tatyana Doronina. The role was announced and people started talking about Sanaev. By this time, my father had starred with Pyryev, Gerasimov, and Pudovkin. They became friends with the latter. “You are a born comedian,” he said more than once. Indeed, it’s a bit of a pity that Vsevolod Sanaev almost never had a chance to play comedic roles. He joked absolutely amazingly, told jokes: he never laughed himself, only the devils played in the corners of his eyes, but he made him laugh terribly.”

Sanaev also had the opportunity to play with Sergei Yutkevich in the film “Stories about Lenin” and with Leo Arnstam in the film “Five Days, Five Nights”, about salvation Soviet soldiers Dresden gallery. From the Moscow Art Theater he moved to the Film Actor Theater. When the play “Sofya Kovalevskaya” was staged in this theater, Sanaev was involved in it, and director Samson Samsonov had the idea to film “An Optimistic Tragedy” with the participation of Boris Andreev, Vyacheslav Tikhonov, Erast Garin and the Strizhenov brothers. Samsonov entrusted Sanaev with playing the role of Siply. The film ended up waiting big success. The boys, seeing Sanaev, repeated the phrase of his hero: “They got sick with syphilis twice.” At the Cannes Film Festival, the film received an award for the best embodiment of a revolutionary epic. Soviet actors always had a problem with clothes for special ceremonies, and Vsevolod Vasilyevich had difficulty finding a fashionable suit to look decent during the presentation of the award. Elena Sanaeva said: “My father often told me: “We, the Sanayevs, are a talented people, just believe in yourself, and the opportunity will come, be ready for it!” I remembered these words for the rest of my life. But, in fact, the roles that made Sanaev Sanaev came quite late and, undoubtedly, thanks to his loyalty to the profession, patience, courage, and thoroughness inherent in the masters of their craft.”

In 1963, Vilen Azarov invited Sanaev to play the main role in the film “It Happened at the Police.” At first, the director believed that another actor should play the role of Sukhari, but there was no suitable candidate, and they began to try Sanaev. He was approved, but he replied: “Don’t be upset. I’m so tired after “Optimistic” that I’ll take the ballot now, while you look for a replacement.” But the management insisted on starting filming, and work began. Sanaev turned out police major Sazonov in a completely different way from what the author intended. The actor created his own image of the hero - outwardly inconspicuous, reserved and modest.

In the 1960s, Vsevolod Sanaev became People's Artist The RSFSR, and then the USSR, and critics started talking about him as a serious artist. Elena Sanaeva spoke about this period of her father’s work: “One day a young director called him and asked him to star in his first work. It was Vasily Shukshin, and the film was called “There Lives Such a Guy.” “Whose script is it?” - asked the father. - “Mine too.” “He shoots it himself, writes the script himself...” - this did not inspire confidence, and Sanaev politely refused. “It’s a pity,” said the young director. “I’ll wait another time.” Then my father saw Shukshin’s brilliant debut, found him at the studio and said: “Vasya, a wonderful picture! And I regret that I refused to act with you. If there’s something, even an episode, I’ll be happy to go!” So Vsevolod Sanaev became Shukshin’s actor and starred in three of his films: “Your Son and Brother”, “Strange People”, “Stoves-Benches”. For the painting “Your Son and Brother” they received the Vasilyev Brothers State Prize. The role of Ermolai Voevodin was Sanaev’s favorite. Shukshin was going to make a film about Stepan Razin. I sat down to the script. Having met Sanaev, he said: “Vasilich, let’s work. I’m writing a good role for you.” The death of Shukshin - not just a director, but a friend and like-minded person - was a huge loss for my father. More grief He hasn’t experienced Alyosha since the death of his son.”

Having played Colonel Zorin in the film directed by Bobrovsky and Ladynin, Sanaev became an honored employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. He was invited to all celebrations; people believed in the decency, reliability and professionalism of his hero. Elena Sanaeva said: “But my father never praised himself, I never heard from him, like from many other representatives of our profession: “Well, I gave!” Well, I played!” Sometimes you ask him: “Dad, how are you?” - “Nothing, Lel. Fine".

Vsevolod Sanaev was the secretary of the Union of Cinematographers for fifteen years and was responsible for the household section. He was in charge of issuing vouchers, referrals to hospitals, funerals and obtaining apartments. Elena Sanaeva said: “ Phone calls They pestered him from 8 in the morning, some hysterical voice screamed: “You gave a ticket to actress N, but your sister went instead!” To which he calmly replied: “What do you want me to stand at the station and check who is traveling on the ticket?” My father never refused help to anyone, and he himself never complained: “Everything is fine with me. I have enough of everything.” My wife grumbled all the time: “Well, that’s right, some secretaries go to London and Paris, and you plug all the holes.” But he wasn’t eager to go there. Another thing is fishing. Leonid Derbenev, Nikolai Kryuchkov, Vyacheslav Tikhonov were welcome comrades in this activity. As Nikolai Afanasyevich told him: “Old man, now, when I’m offered a role, I ask: is there fishing? If there is, I am yours, but if not, I refuse.” When the USSR collapsed, many threw away their party cards. The father did not throw out: “I have nothing to be ashamed of. I wasn't upstairs. And in my place I helped whoever I could. IN last years They often recognized their father’s life on the street, approached him, shook hands, or simply smiled with the same words: “How we love you, how we believe in you! You just live, live longer.” And then he told me: “Lel, of course, we are spent cartridges, but it’s still nice that people treat us this way.” And he smiled into his mustache.”

Throughout Vsevolod Vasilyevich’s creative career, critics noted the absence of falsehood and the authenticity of his performance. In turn, the audience especially remembered Sanaev’s work in the last period of his life - in the films “Forgotten Melody for the Flute”, “Shirley-Myrli” and especially in the film “White Dews”, in which he created an inimitable acting duet together with Boris Novikov. Elena Sanaeva said: “My father had a tattoo on his hand, made in his youth - an anchor. Before a performance or filming, he covered it thickly with makeup. Now I think that she, despite the fact that her father later tried to set her up, was very symbolic. After all, Vsevolod Sanaev is the anchor man - a reliable, golden man.”

Vsevolod Sanaev died on January 27, 1996 from lung cancer and was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

His daughter, Elena Sanaeva, became an actress and married actor and film director Rolan Bykov. Vsevolod Sanaev's grandson, Pavel Sanaev, became a screenwriter and film director.

Leonid Filatov prepared a program about Vsevolod Sanaev from the series “To Be Remembered.”

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Text prepared by Andrey Goncharov

Used materials:

Materials from the site www.peoples.ru
Materials from the site www.rusakters.ru
Memoirs of Elena Sanaeva

Filmography:

1938 “Volga-Volga”, role: bearded lumberjack / beardless “symphony” musician
1938 “If there is war tomorrow”, role: competent fighter
1939 “Girl with character”, role: Surkov, police lieutenant
1940 “Beloved Girl”, the main role: Vasily Dobryakov, multi-machine turner
1941 “The First Printer Ivan Fedorov”, role: Pyotr Timofeev, assistant to Ivan Fedorov
1941 “Hearts of Four”, role: Red Army soldier Eremeev
1941 “First Cavalry”, role: Kulik, chief of army artillery
1944 “Ivan Nikulin - Russian sailor”, role: Alekha Lushnikov, Alexey Mitrofanovich, driver
1946 “In the Mountains of Yugoslavia”, role: Alexey Gubanov
1947 “Diamonds”, role: geologist Sergei Nesterov
1948 “Young Guard”, role: underground communist
1948 “Pages of Life”, role: radio announcer
1949 “The Fall of Berlin”, role: speaker
1949 “They have a homeland”, role: Vsevolod Sorokin, major
1950 “Zhukovsky”, episode
1951 “The Country Doctor”, role: Nikolai Petrovich Korotkov
1951 “In the Steppe” (short film), role: Tuzhikov, secretary of the district committee
1951 “Taras Shevchenko”, episode
1951 “Przhevalsky”, role: archpriest
1951 “The Unforgettable 1919”, role: Boris Viktorovich Savenkov
1953 “The Return of Vasily Bortnikov”, role: Kantaurov, director of MTS
1953 “Hostile Whirlwinds”, episode
1953 “Lawlessness” (short film), role: Ermolai, janitor
1954 " Faithful friends", role: builder at Nechoda's reception
1955 "Paths and Fates", episode
1955 “First Echelon”, role: Alexey Egorovich Dontsov, director of the state farm
1956 “Different Fates”, role: Vladimir Sergeevich Zhukov, party organizer of the Central Committee
1956 “Polyushko-field”, role: MTS director Nikolai Kholin
1957 “Stories about Lenin”, role: Nikolai Aleksandrovich Emelyanov, worker from Razliv
1957 "Storm"
1957 “Swallow”, role: Melgunov, Colonel
1957 “Pages of the Past”, role: Skvortsov, police agent
1958 "Next Flight", episode
1958 “On the Roads of War”, role: Ivan Fedorovich Uvarov, sergeant, party organizer
1959 “Unpaid Debt”, role: Alexey Okunchikov
1959 “The Song of Koltsov”, role: Koltsov’s father
1959 “People Too” (short film), role: elderly soldier
1959 “In the Silence of the Steppe”, role: Fyodor Vetrov
1959 "Ballad of a Soldier" episode
1960 “Thrice Risen”, role: Ivan Aleksandrovich Starodub, head of hydroelectric power station construction
1960 "First Date" episode
1960 “Five Days, Five Nights” | Five Days, Five Nights (USSR, East Germany), role: Sergeant Major Efim Kozlov
1961 “On the Way” (short film), role: old man, Uncle Olya
1961 “Adult Children”, role: Vasily Vasilyevich, family friend
1963 “Optimistic Tragedy”, main role: Siply
1963 “It Happened at the Police”, main role: Police Major Nikolai Vasilievich Sazonov
1963 “Meeting at the Crossing” (short film), role: chairman of the collective farm
1964 “Big Ore”, role: Matsuev
1964 “Green Light”, role: pensioner
1964 “Lark”, role: German officer
1965 “First Day of Freedom” | First Day of Freedom, The | Pierwszy dzien wolnosci (Poland)
1965 “Your Son and Brother”, main role: Ermolai Voevodin, father of four sons
1965 “Roll Call”, role: Varentsov
1966 “Trapped”, role: Kovacs
1967 “Moscow is behind us”, role: General Panfilov
1967 “Not a day without adventure”, role: Danilyuk
1967 “For the sake of boredom”, main role: Gomozov
1968 " Spent cartridges"(short film), main role: father
1968, 1970, 1971 “Liberation”, role: Lieutenant Colonel Lukin
1969 " Main witness", role: Dyudya
1969 “Strange People” (film almanac), main role: Matvey Ryazantsev, short story “Duma”
1969 “I am his bride”, role: Mitrokhin
1970 “The Return of “Saint Luke”, main role: Zorin Ivan Sergeevich, Colonel
1970 “Kremlin Chimes”, role: worker
1970 "The Stolen Train" | Otkradnatiyat vlak (Bulgaria, USSR), role: General Ivan Vasilievich
1971 “Nyura’s Life”, main role: Boris Gavrilovich, Nyura’s apartment neighbor
1972 “Not a day without adventure”, role: grandfather Danilyuk
1972 “Stoves and Benches”, role: Sergey Fedorovich Stepanov, professor-linguist from Moscow
1973 “Here is our home”, role: Alexander Evgenievich Pluzhin, plant director
1973 “The Black Prince”, main role: Ivan Sergeevich Zorin, Colonel
1975 “There, Beyond the Horizon”, role: Vikenty Kirillovich
1976 “... And other officials”, role: Oleg Maksimovich Astakhov
1976 “Moscow Time”, main role: Nazar Lukich Grigorenko
1976 “Well, audience!” (television play)
1978 “Colonel Zorin’s Version”, main role: Ivan Sergeevich Zorin, police colonel
1978 “My Love, My Sorrow” (USSR, Turkey), role: Farhad’s father
1978 “Close Distance”, role: Andrei Zakharovich Pogodin
1979 “Profession - film actor” (documentary), role: cameo
1979 "Month" long days"(television play)
1980 “Tehran-43”, role: Inkeper, owner of the tavern
1980 “Uninvited Friend”, role: Vladimir Abdullaevich Shlepyanov
1981 “From Winter to Winter”, role: Andrei Trofimovich, minister
1981 “From Evening to Noon”, main role: writer Andrei Konstantinovich Zharkov
1982 “Hope and Support”, role: Kirill Lvovich Rotov
1982 "Private Life" episode
1983 “White Dews”, main role: Fedos Khodas, Fyodor Filimonovich, honorary labor veteran, front-line soldier of three wars
1983 “The Mystery of the Blackbirds”, role: George Fortescue
1984 “Dead Souls”, role: Ivan Grigorievich, chairman of the chamber
1986 “The First Guy”, role: state farm director
1986 “Into the Muds”, role: Strogoff
1987 “Appeal”, role: Ivan Stepanovich Mironov, chairman of the state farm
1987 “Forgotten Melody for Flute”, role: Yaroslav Stepanovich
1993 “Tragedy of the Century”, role: Lukin
1995 “Shirley-Myrli”, role: music lover