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All about airborne troops arr belarus. The Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (SSO Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus) is the youngest branch of the armed forces. Here was Kupala, Budyonny and "enemy of the people Uborevich"

August 2 marked the 85th anniversary of the creation of the Airborne Forces, the successors of which in our country were the forces special operations. Our freelance correspondent met with the commander of the SOF of the Armed Forces of Belarus, Major General Vadim DENISENKO (pictured)

— Comrade Major General, in Belarus, the airborne troops have been transformed into a new branch of the military — special operations forces. What is the fundamental difference?

- With the development of weapons and military equipment, the views on the conduct of armed struggle, as well as on the use of the Airborne Forces, have also been transformed. Therefore, it was decided to create in our country on the basis of units of the Airborne Forces separate kind troops of the Armed Forces - special operations forces.

The main distinguishing feature of the MTR is that they are in constant readiness for use both in peacetime and in war time and are designed to solve special tasks in the interests of achieving political, military, economic and psychological goals aimed at preventing the escalation or ending the military conflict against the Republic of Belarus. The military units and subunits of the MTR are entrusted with the following tasks: conducting counter-sabotage, reconnaissance and combat operations and conducting special measures. Also, units of special operations forces are involved in the fight against terrorism, carrying out measures to strengthen the regime of protection of the state border and maintain law and order, together with the personnel of the units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

- When creating special operations forces, was it studied whether overseas experience?

- Of course, but we should not forget that the Belarusian special operations forces were not created from scratch. We had a strike component - well-trained landing brigades. We reinforced these mobile formations with a reconnaissance component - a special-purpose brigade. Both components were united under a single command - in general, they made the best decision for a country with a small territory and compact mobile Armed Forces.

I must say that today our experience is being carefully studied by other countries.

And when did you realize that you were on the right path?

“In 2004, while working out the tactics of actions, we understood that mobile brigades are mobile, capable of making large marches in any conditions, can be airlifted and deliver serious blows. All this was taken into account by us. A special forces group, capable of operating in any conditions, found the object, and soon a mobile unit arrived at the designated point. The commander of the special forces group, together with the commander of the mobile unit, clarified the decision and carried out the destruction of the object. The following year, we were already confident that we were moving in the right direction. The tactics of our actions were also tested during various large-scale exercises of the Belarusian Armed Forces.

- Do not we reveal all the secrets of the special operations forces in this way?

— This is the tactics of any professional unit in the world. And as for the secrets of mastery, believe me, professionals are very reluctant to share them. And we are no exception here. So let's leave the secrets of mastery outside of this interview.

- The BTR-80 armored personnel carriers have replaced the airborne combat vehicles in the mobile brigades. Also to match the modern look?

- We proceeded from the fact that our units must be very mobile: move at any time and on any roads. And this allows you to do the BTR-80. They contribute to the successful fulfillment of the tasks before us. "Wheels" in our conditions look preferable. Artillery of special operations forces is also on wheels. Today, we are considering the BTR-82 armored personnel carrier, which has more firepower, for re-equipment. In particular, the 30mm automatic cannon will replace the heavy 14.5mm KPVT machine gun.

- Since we touched on the issues of equipping the MTR modern weapons and military equipment, tell us how seriously it has changed recently?

- Tests of the armored vehicle "Fox" have recently been completed. We decided what changes should be made to its design so that the vehicle meets our requirements for it: which combat module to install, how to arrange seats, loopholes ... All this is taken into account in the terms of reference submitted to the Minsk Wheel Tractor Plant. First of all, the "Foxes" will go to mobile battalions on cars. This year, the newest ORSIS-T5000M sniper rifles, capable of hitting targets at ranges up to 1,500 meters, were put into service. They have become a good addition to the modern sniper rifles VSK-94, OSV-96, MTs-116M.

The troops received high-precision powerful ammunition with an expansive bullet (338 caliber LAPUA MAGNUM), which pierces all existing armor protection equipment (body armor, helmets of the highest protection classes).

Our military personnel are provided with the most modern means of observation and aiming of domestic production: day-night sights DNS-1, night NV / S-18, night monocular NV / M-19, laser designator LAD-21T, collimator sight PK-01VS.

Delivered to the special operations forces and very worthy means of individual armor protection. In particular, the Skat protective helmet, which provides protection against a bullet from a Makarov pistol already at a distance of one meter, the Raven bulletproof vest, capable of protecting against a bullet from an SVD at a distance of ten meters.

Work is underway to ensure and adopt other advanced optical sights, ammunition, small arms, tactical and shooting points, grenade launchers RPG-32 "Hashim".

Our divisions are provided with reliable communication. On the basis of the Bogatyr vehicle, a modern command and staff vehicle was developed (a means of communication for the commander of the MTR and brigade commanders).

Modern models of weapons and military equipment are supplied to the troops and mastered in the course of combat training. Significantly increased the mobility of payments anti-aircraft installations ZU-23-2 is the modernization of this armament, which is located today along with ammunition on the basis of the Ural-43202 vehicle. In the next two months, we plan to put them in the 38th Guards Separate Mobile Brigade.

The form of clothing and equipment of the military personnel of the special operations forces is being improved.

We have recently received new ATVs that have been tested in the Armed Forces. In the future, they will be adopted. I must say it's very efficient technique when performing tasks in forest areas, in swampy areas, on rough terrain ... This was also confirmed by the exercises that took place in Tajikistan, Kazakhstan as part of the verification of the collective rapid reaction forces of the CSTO.

- Servicemen of the 103rd Guards Separate Mobile Brigade are constant participants in such exercises. How important are they to us?

- First of all, it is getting invaluable experience. We have a lot to learn from Russians, Kazakhs, Tajiks. In these exercises, we always learn something new. And, of course, we learn to interact.

Many other teachings are also of great benefit. For example, the joint Belarusian-Chinese anti-terrorist exercises (trainings) "Swift Eagle". Not so long ago, another such exercise (the third in a row) ended on the basis of the 38th Guards Separate Mobile Brigade.

But the closest cooperation has been established with Russian colleagues. Of the latest joint exercises, a battalion-tactical exercise that took place in the 38th brigade, in which a company of the 76th Guards Air Assault Division took part. Our servicemen showed themselves worthy during the humanitarian search and rescue operation at the North Pole, where they had to perform tasks in difficult climatic conditions. Those who distinguished themselves are presented for state awards. Trial north pole withstood both modern uniforms and the equipment of the military personnel of the special operations forces. Many of our novelties were received with interest by the Russians. For example, cargo containers with which our military personnel jumped with a parachute.

- Comrade Major General, what other successes did you remember the jubilee year for?

- In the first half of the year, the command of the special operations forces, as well as units of the 38th and 103rd Guards Separate Mobile Brigades, successfully passed the inspection of the Ministry of Defense. The SSO team excelled in international competitions at the best group special forces, held in Kazakhstan, where she won a prize. Our servicemen won the competition for the best sniper pair of special forces of the Armed Forces, in which representatives from all power structures of our country and teams from Russia and Kazakhstan participated.

The SSO team won the championship of the Armed Forces in army hand-to-hand combat. The next tests for the right to confer the badge "Valor and Mastery" also showed the increased level of training of our servicemen.

Interestingly, bilateral battalion tactical exercises. A very useful event was a joint diving training camp held in Ryazan. Much attention during it was paid to the study of new diving equipment, which is being supplied to the Russian Armed Forces today.

This year, 11 of our servicemen have mastered the most modern parachute systems"Crossbow". They were trained at the center special training Airborne Forces of Russia.

Undoubtedly, the participation of servicemen of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade on May 9 at the parade held on Red Square in Moscow was a landmark event. They adequately represented the Belarusian Armed Forces.

Another important event was the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the 334th separate special forces detachment, which took place on the basis of the 5th separate special forces brigade.

It's nice that the successes of the special operations forces do not go unnoticed, including at the highest level. Only in this year Colonel Vladimir Bely and Lieutenant Colonel Nikolai Smekhovich were awarded the Orders "For Service to the Homeland" III degree by the Head of State for exemplary performance of official duties. Last year, these high awards were awarded to Lieutenant Colonel Sergei Sukhovilo and Major Alexei Khuzyakhmetov.

- At all times, service in the "troops blown by all winds" was prestigious. How popular is service in the special operations forces today? Is it in demand among young people?

— We do not experience a shortage of people who want to serve in the special operations forces.

As for the training of officers for our kind of troops, it is carried out at the faculty military intelligence Military Academy of the Republic of Belarus, as well as in the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation. Training is conducted in two specialties: "Use of mobile units" and "Use of special forces".

The demand for the profession of an officer of the special operations forces is evidenced by the annual competition for admission to the specialty of the MTR. This year, he made up more than two people per place, and for the specialty "Use of special forces" - more than three people per place.

Service in the special operations forces is really prestigious. We are glad to see in our ranks those who have a craving for romance, a desire to see something new, learn a lot and build character.

CHRONICLE
On August 2, 1930, during an exercise near Voronezh, a group of armed paratroopers was shown dropping out. The landing force consisted of twelve people, who were divided into two groups of six paratroopers. The paratroopers were supposed to drop weapons and ammunition from aircraft on special cargo parachutes.
After the successful landing of a group of paratroopers, armed with rifles, light machine guns and grenades, were ready to perform combat missions.
PERSPECTIVES
The main directions of the construction and development of special operations forces of the Armed Forces:
- development and testing of new ways of performing tasks;
- optimization of the organizational structure of formations and military units in accordance with the tasks being solved, as well as taking into account changes in the forms and methods of military confrontation;
- modernization of existing weapons, military and special equipment and equipping with new models of both domestic and foreign production;
- improving the quality of training of specialists for special operations forces;
- beautification of military camps and the creation of housing and living conditions for servicemen that meet modern requirements.

Interviewed by Alexander MAKAROV

On March 20, 1992, a government decree "On the Creation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus" was adopted. On the same day, the parliament of the republic adopted the Law "On the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus", on the basis of which their formation began.
November 1992 Supreme Council Laws "On Defense", "On General military service and military service"," On the status of military personnel.
And on December 6, 1992, at the 10th session of the twelfth convocation, the parliamentarians of the republic adopted the Military Doctrine. Among the CIS states, Belarus was the first to adopt this document.

In accordance with the adopted legislative acts former troops The Belarusian Military District (BVO) were reformed into the Armed Forces of Belarus in two stages.
At the first stage(1992) they were reduced by almost 30,000 people, their operational purpose was determined, and the main guiding documents were developed.
At the second stage(1993-1994) the reduction of the army was basically completed, its structural transformations were carried out, the command and control system was reformed.

The concentration of military units and formations in the republic was the highest on the European continent. One soldier accounted for 43 civilians. (For comparison: in Ukraine - by 98, in Kazakhstan - by 118, in Russia - by 634 people). For a republic with a population of ten million, such exorbitantly large Armed Forces were not needed, the costs of maintaining and equipping them were unacceptable. In addition, their total number in accordance with the final act Helsinki Agreement dated 07/10/1992 should not exceed 100,000 military personnel.
In this regard, in 1992-1996, more than 250 military formations that fell under the jurisdiction of Belarus ceased to exist or were seriously reformed, and the number of military personnel decreased by a factor of three and in 1997 stabilized at around 83,000 people.
At the same time, the arsenal of military equipment and weapons was significantly reduced. This reduction was implemented by the beginning of 1996.

By the same time, the process of structural reform of the army was basically completed: combined arms and tank armies were transformed into army corps, motorized rifle and tank divisions- in separate mechanized brigades, and part of them weapons and equipment storage bases, an airborne division and a separate airborne brigade - into the Mobile Forces, consisting of three mobile brigades, aviation divisions and regiments - into air bases.

Since December 2001, the Armed Forces have been transferred to a two-service structure - the Ground Forces and the Air Force and Air Defense Forces.

In addition to the tasks of maintaining the combat readiness and combat readiness of subordinate formations and units at the required level, the command of the Ground Forces is also entrusted with the function of directing the preparation and conduct of territorial defense. The city of Bobruisk became the place of deployment of the command of the Ground Forces.

On the basis of the 28th and 65th army corps, the Western and North-Western operational commands were created. By 2005, the total strength of the Armed Forces was 65,000 people (50,000 servicemen and 15,000 civilian personnel).

At present, the staffing of the Armed Forces with sergeants and conscripts is carried out mainly on a territorial basis.
Since 1995, in the Belarusian army, in the positions of privates and sergeants, contract service has been practiced.

The problem of training military personnel has been solved in the Belarusian army. Established in 1995 in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus on the basis of the Minsk Higher Engineering Anti-Aircraft Missile and Minsk Higher Military Command Schools, the Military Academy trains officers for almost all branches of the Armed Forces and branches of service. The basis of the country's main military university is 10 faculties.
Along with this, Belarusian officers and cadets have the opportunity to receive education in higher military educational institutions of the Russian Federation. Basically, military personnel of scarce specialties, whose training is not conducted in Belarus, are trained there.
To replenish formations and units with specialists and low-level commanders in the Armed Forces, there is a wide network of training units.

In 1995, the Minsk Suvorov military school. This educational institution its original purpose was returned - first of all, children of fallen servicemen, orphans, children from large families and poor families. Adolescents who have completed the 5th and 6th grades of secondary school have the right to enter the school.

The difficult international situation at the end of the 20th century required the creation of a sufficiently effective security system based on a political, economic and military alliance with the Russian Federation.
Proclaiming a purely defensive character military doctrine, the Republic of Belarus proceeds from the fact that at present none of the states is a potential adversary for it.

official website of the Ministry of Defense of Belarus http://www.mod.mil.by/

Landing units and formations

In the early 90s of the last century, the military and political leadership of the country faced the difficult problem of preserving the 103rd Guards Airborne Division, the 38th Guards air assault brigade and the 5th separate special-purpose brigade, which became part of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, as well as rethinking the tasks that it is expedient for them to perform.
This was dictated by the proclamation by the Republic of Belarus of the Military Doctrine, which is purely defensive in nature.
The reform of the country's Armed Forces, which followed this, did not bypass the airborne units.

In September 1995, on the basis of the 103rd Guards Airborne Division and the 38th Guards Airborne Assault Brigade, mobile forces were formed as part of the 38th, 317th and 350th separate mobile brigades. On the basis of the last two in 2002, a formation was formed, which was given the name 103rd Guards Order of Lenin, Red Banner, Order of Kutuzov II degree, a separate mobile brigade.

The mobile forces were a branch of the Ground Forces, designed to cover the strategic deployment of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus, disrupt the special operations of the enemy and perform other suddenly arising tasks.
The process of comprehending the role of the newly created formations in the system of the Armed Forces has come a long way. Initially, in the mid-90s of the XX century, these formations were planned to be used similarly to combined arms. During the exercises of those years of connection mobile forces most often used for defensive and offensive operations, covering certain areas. Their main trumps: swiftness, onslaught and high maneuverability - remained unclaimed.

However, in the same period, the formations of mobile forces began to work out certain tasks of special actions, mainly related to countering illegal armed formations and airborne sabotage forces of the enemy. Special intelligence units worked out the issues of conducting special operations on the territory captured by the enemy. Further development theory and practice of special actions received during the preparation and conduct of complex operational and operational-tactical exercises "Neman-2001", "Berezina-2002", "Clear Sky-2003", "Shield of the Fatherland-2004", "Shield of the Union-2006" , command and staff (tactical-special) exercises with the 38th Guards and 103rd Guards separate mobile brigades, the 5th separate special-purpose brigade.

At the beginning of 2004, in connection with the further increase in the role of special operations forces in modern wars, the Directorate of Special Operations Forces of the General Staff of the Armed Forces was created, cardinal changes were made to the organizational and staffing structure of mobile formations and units.

In 2005, in the course of a bilateral command and staff exercise with the troops of the Northwestern Operational Command, a rather large range of combat use of special operations forces was worked out.
The result of painstaking work was the further reform of mobile connections and their management system. The first step on this path was the reorganization of the command of mobile forces and formations, the direct subordination of mobile brigades to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus and the creation of a department of special operations forces in the operational management.

In order to optimize the management of these formations, manage their combat and mobilization training, organize their construction and development, comprehensive support, coordinate actions in the course of fulfilling assigned tasks, plan the activities of special operations forces in August 2007, the command of special operations forces was created in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus .

Currently, the total number of special operations forces is about five thousand people. They are intended to perform reconnaissance, special and organizational tasks both on temporarily captured by the enemy and on their own territory. An equally important task is the fight against terrorism.
In modern conditions, mobile brigades, which form the basis of the special operations forces of the Armed Forces, are considered not as mechanized formations, but as special troops capable of conducting highly maneuverable, secretive and effective fighting specific (non-traditional) ways. They involve actions by small units, combined with active reconnaissance, effective application available weapons, equipment, engineering ammunition, stealth action.
One of the features of the training of units of special operations forces (SOF) of the Armed Forces is a mixed system of their recruitment - conscripts and conscripts. contract service. This allows us to prepare a trained reserve for understaffing units to wartime states and to replenish units when combat capability is restored.

The training of units of special operations forces today is carried out directly at the training and material base of formations and military units of the Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces.
Until the end of 2010, on the basis of the training ground of the 103rd guards separate mobile brigade "Losvido" training center training of special operations forces. This center will ensure the implementation of measures to improve the special training of the SOF of the Armed Forces.
In the Belarusian SOF, when conducting special operations, it is planned to widely use standard armored vehicles and heavy weapons.
That is why mobile formations and military units in Belarus are also called “heavy special forces”.

The composition, structure and strength of individual mobile brigades are practically the same, with the exception of the military equipment of individual mobile battalions.
The 38th Guards Separate Mobile Brigade is armed with BTR-80 armored personnel carriers, and the 103rd Guards Separate Mobile Brigade is armed with BMD-1 airborne combat vehicles.
AT organizational structure formations and military units of special operations forces provides for almost all issues on which the performance of a combat mission may depend, while the emphasis is placed on mobility (reduction of "convoys"), long-term autonomy of the actions of units and subunits without reducing their combat capability.
In addition, the main units are in a state of readiness and are able to carry out combat missions without additional staffing and equipment in the peacetime state.

In the training of units of the MTR of the Armed Forces, joint training activities with other troops and military formations of other power structures are widely used. military organization states.
At the same time, during the training of SOF units, the experience of the combat use of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and special operations forces of foreign states in modern military conflicts is widely studied and taken into account. The content of the training of the military personnel of the SOF of the Armed Forces is as close as possible to real conditions modern warfare. MTR units are constantly in readiness to perform suddenly arising tasks, in close cooperation with other law enforcement agencies and local administrative and executive bodies.
At present, a coherent system of views has developed on the conduct of special operations and the use of special operations forces of the Armed Forces, although theoretical and practical developments in this area of military art continue.

Based on the analysis of trends in the development of the armed forces of foreign states, the experience of conducting military conflicts of the last decade and the exercises, it was determined that the special operations forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus are designed to perform various tasks using special methods and methods in order to prevent the escalation or cessation of an armed conflict against Republic of Belarus from any aggressor and act as one of the main elements of strategic deterrence.

REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

At the turn of the 80-90s. of the last century, the rapidly developing instability greatly influenced all aspects of society. One of the important tasks was to bring down the wave of crime, to ensure order in society. Therefore, in the Republic of Belarus there are many special forces, and at each power ministry.

ARMY SPECIAL FORCE

5th SEPARATE SPECIAL PURPOSE Brigade

STORY

Formed in 1962 as an airborne reconnaissance unit, it has a high level of combat training and vast combat experience. Stationed in Maryina Gorka, Pukhovichi district, Minsk region. Participated in hostilities as part of a limited contingent Soviet troops in Afghanistan, conducted special events in Transcaucasia during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

The appearance of such military units and formations in the Soviet army is caused by the presence of, as it was customary to call it, our probable enemy in Europe, tactical nuclear weapons. The task of the airborne brigades was to destroy command posts and launchers missiles, fuel and ammunition supply bases, intelligence gathering, sabotage on communications, in the future - and the organization of a partisan movement on enemy territory. Spetsnaz was designed to carry out operations in the rear in small groups. All brigades were directly subordinate to the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff. Soon a unique unit appeared - a company, consisting only of officers and ensigns, well-trained professionals. The best of the best were selected, who flawlessly mastered various styles of martial arts, shooting from all types of small arms, including Western models. Knowledge was essential foreign languages. The servicemen also took a course in light diving training under the program of naval special forces, mountaineering and piloting a trike. The company was intended to carry out especially important tasks in the interests of the GRU of the General Staff.

PREPARATION

The main direction of training is reconnaissance and sabotage activities. Scouts are taught to overcome swamps, water barriers. "Field is a soldier's academy" - fighters spend about seven months a year at the training ground.

In order to complete the task without losses away from the main forces, the commando must be a universal soldier. In his arsenal - tactics of covert movement, knowledge of engineering, possession of hand-to-hand combat techniques and first aid skills. Distinctive features- skillful management of all types of army transport and the ability to shoot accurately from various types of small arms, including captured ones.

There are no mountains in Belarus, but there are many high-rise buildings. Therefore, the basis of training is urban mountaineering. Classes are held not only on the territory of the brigade, they are also organized jointly with colleagues from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the KGB. Diving training is also offered.

Special forces are landing from the sky, and in a variety of ways. Landing with high precision day and night, in any weather conditions. To do this, new parachutes were put into service here, which allow scouts to jump from any height and at any speed of the aircraft. In addition to parachutes, there are in the arsenal of special forces and motorized hang gliders.

WEAPONS

Like many special forces of the former republics of the USSR, army special forces Belarus is equipped with weapons and equipment of Soviet and Russian production.

KGB Special Forces "Alpha"

The Alpha group under the USSR State Security Committee was established in 1974. In March 1990, the then chairman of the KGB V. Kryuchkov signed an order to create the 11th group of the KGB of the USSR with deployment in Minsk. The document listed the tasks of the operational-combat unit being created: localization and suppression of terrorist and extremist actions, especially dangerous criminal manifestations. Area of activity - Belarus and the Baltic republics.

From October 1991 to January 1992, the group was at the disposal of the main security department under the apparatus of the President of the USSR. Then she entered the structure of the central apparatus of the KGB of the Republic of Belarus. The fighters of the group carried out special operational tasks, and in 1992-1994. was involved to ensure the physical protection and security of the leadership of Belarus and members of foreign delegations. The range of tasks gradually expanded; now it also includes the fight against organized crime, as well as the illegal export of precious metals, material and historical values outside the country.

SELECTION

When creating Alpha, preference was given to officers with combat experience, former paratroopers, and professional athletes. Today is mandatory for candidates higher education and military service. Particular attention is paid to the ability to endure great psychological and physical stress. Average age fighters - 30–35 years.

For some time, there were rumors that the Alpha fighters received military experience in Chechnya, but the group's leadership stubbornly denies this.

SPECIAL FORCE OF THE BORDER TROOPS

A separate service of active measures (OSAM) is a unit whose task is anti-terrorist activity in the border zone.

The history of the special forces of the border troops of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR began in 1981. The purpose of the group operating in Afghanistan was to fight the counter-revolutionary underground and agents of enemy special services.

OSAM appeared after the collapse Soviet Union, in 1993. Its first commander was Gennady Nevyglas. One of the primary tasks of the special forces was the fight against illegal migration. Later, new tasks appeared - the fight against economic crime and drug smuggling, countering terrorism and human trafficking.

On the uniform chevron of the OSAM fighter there are two crossed balls and a wind rose against the background of the contour of the country.

At one time OSAM was headed by the Chairman of the Border Committee Igor Rachkovsky. And the eldest sons of the President of the country, Viktor and Dmitry Lukashenko, served in the special forces.

TASKS

For special forces units border service the following tasks are assigned:

Carrying out operations related to the implementation of operational information about hostile activities on state border and at checkpoints through it of special services of foreign states, extremist and criminal groups;

Protection in extreme conditions premises, Vehicle and other objects of operational bodies;

Implementation of reconnaissance and search activities;

Ensuring the security of activities carried out by the leadership of the border service;

Release of hostages from among the military personnel of the troops, bodies and organizations of the border service;

Studying the operational situation in the areas (places) of the alleged actions of the group, conducting reconnaissance of these areas (places);

Participation in the holding of special events related to the implementation of specific operational information, information of interacting law enforcement agencies;

Participation in the search and detention of armed groups and persons who have crossed or are trying to cross the border;

Ensuring the security of the leadership of the border service during trips around the country and abroad;

Ensuring the security of the operational staff of the border service during activities at the state border;

Ensuring the personal safety of PS servicemen and members of their families in cases provided for by law;

Ensuring the group's own security.

WEAPONS AND EQUIPMENT

Armament - mainly Soviet and Russian production. The unit is equipped with modern radio stations. For cross-country vehicles, bumpers are additionally reinforced with rails, a steel bottom is welded, and a rubber mixture is poured into tires.

SPECIAL FORCE OF THE INTERNAL TROOPS OF THE MVD

3rd Separate Red Banner Special Purpose Brigade

The third separate Red Banner Special Forces Brigade (military unit 3214, Uruchcha) was formed on the basis of the 334th regiment of the 120th division. It is prepared both to disperse street actions and to participate in special operations. it shock part internal troops. population personnel- 1500-2000 people. As part of the brigade - battalions of special purpose, special squad rapid response (SOBR) and support units.

The main tasks of the brigade are the fight against terrorism, actions in case of emergencies, preparation in case of a military threat.

In peacetime, the fighters of the brigade participate in the protection public order in the capital of the republic, often go on missions outside of Minsk. During opposition street actions, the brigade is usually kept in reserve and used only in the most extreme cases.

Soldiers receive comprehensive and varied training. The program includes acrobatics, hand-to-hand combat, strength training, athletic gymnastics, crosses. A lot of attention is paid to shooting from different types of weapons, as well as tactical and special training for actions in various situations.

In fact, the special forces of the Ministry of the Interior began with Almaz. True, then this unit was called "Berkut", and its main purpose was the organization of prison anti-terror. Similar detachments were created in other Soviet republics.

Today it is a rapid response unit. In 1994, the then head of Berkut and the future Minister of Internal Affairs, Vladimir Naumov, took the initiative to rename the special unit to Almaz. On the basis of the department for correctional affairs of the former republics of the USSR, they urgently began to form a prison anti-terror unit. The order was signed on January 2, 1992. Vladimir Naumov, then the commander of a patrol company, was appointed the first commander of the unit.

The main tasks to be solved at that time were:

Release of hostages;

Detention of armed criminals;

Elimination of riots in places of deprivation of liberty.

The forces of the then still small special forces carried out a number of operations to search for and detain dangerous criminals who had escaped from the pre-trial detention centers in Minsk and Brest. The hostages captured by recidivists in the penal colonies of Orsha and Minsk were released, and a mass escape from the colony in Shklov was prevented.

As the nature of crime changed, so did the unit. At this time, many different criminal gangs appeared. They started talking about the mafia, thieves' authorities, about the division of territories and spheres of influence. Not limited to the walls of the colonies and Belarusian terrorism. More extensive use of special forces was required. The question of reorganization arose. A review of all special forces units was held, and the best one was chosen - "Almaz".

Since the autumn of 1994, the unit has been transformed into a special unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus with subordination personally to the minister. The fighters are responsible for carrying out the most difficult tasks: the elimination of terrorist attacks, the release of hostages, the detention of various criminal armed groups.

The history of the name of the special unit is unique - in many countries such formations are still called "Berkut" or "Falcon", and Belarusians have chosen a different path. The new name was not chosen by chance - the diamond symbolizes hardness, purity, nobility. In a memo for fighters, their commander once wrote: "Always remember that a special forces officer must be clean and hard as a diamond."

Over the years of its existence, Almaz SPBT has accumulated vast practical experience, thwarted terrorist attacks and released about 100 hostages, together with the operational units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, more than five and a half thousand special operations have been carried out to search for and suppress the activities of organized criminal groups and organizations. One of the most resonant events of Almaz was the detention in Minsk of suspects in the murder of Russian journalist Paul Khlebnikov.

TASKS

The main tasks are:

Prevention of terrorist acts;

Detection and neutralization of explosive devices;

Carrying out special measures to detect and detain dangerous armed criminals, to seize counterfeit banknotes, narcotic, chemical and radioactive substances and ammunition;

Ensuring the physical security of the operational staff of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;

Carrying out search and reconnaissance activities;

Protection of judges and persons of the controlling composition of the republic, high officials of the state and foreign delegations.

The combat readiness of the unit is evidenced by the following fact: in the event of an alarm, the "Almaz" must arrive at the base within 5-7 minutes. And within 20 minutes, reconnaissance and a combat group are sent to the scene anywhere in the country. After another 20 minutes, the second group leaves.

Basically, officers from similar units of the Ministry of Defense, police special forces, the security service of the head of state, and border troops come to Almaz. As a rule, these are people who have served at least five years and have already participated in special operations. Women also serve in Almaz - negotiators and snipers.

The armament corresponds to the armament of other special forces of Belarus.

Minsk Special Purpose Police Regiment

The regiment was formed in the fall of 2005 on the basis of a police detachment special purpose. Both then and now, the main task of the regiment is the protection of public order during various mass actions.

Other tasks were:

Ensuring the personal and property security of citizens on the streets and in other public places;

Prevention and suppression of offenses, group violations of public order and riots;

Participation, together with other services and divisions of the internal affairs bodies, in the detention of armed criminals, the suppression of the activities of organized groups and criminal organizations;

Participation in special events and operations carried out by internal affairs bodies.

In addition, the fighters of the unit must be prepared for cataclysms, disasters, natural and man-made accidents.

From the book The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet People (in the context of World War II) author Krasnova Marina Alekseevna

TOPIC: USSR AND BELARUS ON THE EVE OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1. DECISION OF THE CC CP(B)B "ON MEASURES TO ORGANIZE PUBLIC EDUCATION IN THE WESTERN AREAS OF THE BSSR" Minsk, December 2, 1939 The Central Committee of the CP(b) of Belarus decides: 1. Announce all schools

From the book The Triumph of Operation Bagration [Main Stalinist Strike] author Irinarkhov Ruslan Sergeevich

Part one. We are back to you, Belarus! In 1943 there was a radical change in the course of the entire Great Patriotic War. After the bloody battles near Stalingrad, in the North Caucasus and the Kursk Bulge, in the Smolensk operation and in the Left-Bank Ukraine, the strategic

From the book Belarusian collaborators. Cooperation with the invaders on the territory of Belarus. 1941–1945 author Romanko Oleg Valentinovich

National Archives of the Republic of Belarus (Minsk, Belarus) F. 370. General Commissariat "Belarus". 1941 - 1944. Op. 1. D. 23, 90, 423, 443, 480, 1264, 1267, 1277, 1313, 1394, 1570, 2477; Op. 2. D. 24; Op. 6. D. 48, 49.F. 380. Belarusian Council of Trust (BRD). 1942 - 1943. Op. 1. D. 1.F. 381. Belarusian central council(BCR). 1942

From the book Who Helped Hitler? Europe at war against the Soviet Union author Kirsanov Nikolai Andreevich

The Republic is fighting The rebel troops, advancing from the south and southwest, every day came closer to Madrid. Their entry into the capital was scheduled for October 12, 1936. The people's militia, exhausted in battles, desperately resisted. The German and

From the book of Lavrenty Beria [What the Soviet Information Bureau was silent about] author Sever Alexander

Belarus post-war Life in the first peaceful years(after the liberation of the territory from the Nazi invaders) in the western regions of Belarus can hardly be called calm. One of the Far Eastern Chekists, recalling his work in the state security agencies, modestly and

From the book Encyclopedia of Special Forces of the World author Naumov Yury Yuryevich

REPUBLIC OF CHILE Anti-theft aviation unit Agrupacion Antisecuestros Aereos (ASA) The Chilean Air Force Agrupacion Antisecuestros Aereos special unit is a special group whose main function is to free hostages during hijackings in Chile. One of

From the author's book

SLOVAK REPUBLIC LYNX group The predecessor of the LYNX unit was the URNA group, formed in 1980 as part of the 13th Czech Police Department. At the turn of the 1990s. In Slovakia, the level of organized crime has increased markedly. In this regard, it was accepted

From the author's book

TURKISH REPUBLIC "Burgundy Berets" The Turkish Special Forces Brigade, also known as the "Burgundy Berets", is a special intelligence unit whose task is to conduct reconnaissance and sabotage activities and organize a partisan movement on

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Republic of Austria STEYR AUGManufacturer: Steyr - Mannlicbier AG & Co KG, ADI Limited, Lithgow Facility, SME Technologies Years of production: 1978 - present Years of operation: 1978 - present Constructors: Horst Been, Karl Wagner, Karl Moser serial production started in 1977; until now

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REPUBLIC OF ITALY Assault rifles of the Beretta AR-7D / 9D series The oldest and largest Italian arms company Pietro Beretta Spa began the development of a new 5.56 mm assault rifle in 1968. The rifle was ready by 1972 and under the designation Beretta AR-70 / 223 began apply for

From the author's book

REPUBLIC OF INDIA INSAS assault rifleTo date, the Indian army has at least 300,000 INSAS assault rifles, in addition, India is trying to sell INSAS for export, in particular to Kenya and Nepal. The production of INSAS assault rifles is carried out at the state arsenal in

From the author's book

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Pindad SS2 Assault Rifle Assault rifles of the Pindad SS2 family are developed in Indonesia by the state company PT Pindad. The rifles of the SS2 line are based on the SS1 rifles, which are licensed copies of the Belgian FN FNC rifle, manufactured in

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REPUBLIC OF KOREA Daewoo K11 combined assault rifle - grenade launcherThe K11 combined assault rifle - grenade launcher was developed under the leadership of the Korea Defense Development Agency (Agency for Defense Development) with the participation of a number of commercial firms such as Daewoo

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REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIAN Glock-17 pistol Austrian army; this was the first experience in creating pistols - previously the company produced only knives and sapper shovels. Nonetheless

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FRENCH REPUBLIC PGM UR Intervention sniper rifle The Ultima Ratio series of sniper weapons is manufactured by PGM Precision. A number of UR Intervention and Commando rifles enter service with the French armed forces to replace the FR F1 and FR F2 rifles. UR rifles

The Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (SSO Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus) is the youngest branch of the armed forces. On August 1, 2007, the command of the SOF of the Armed Forces was created. The MTR command reports directly to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus.
The command is a body of military control of the Armed Forces and is intended to control subordinate formations and military units, to manage their combat and mobilization training; planning the activities of the special operations forces of the Armed Forces, organizing their construction and development, as well as solving other issues related to the competence of the command.
Commander of the Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus - Major General Vadim Denisenko

The Special Operations Forces include:

- 5th detachment of Special Forces (Maryina Gorka),

- 38th separate mobile brigade (Brest)

- 103rd separate mobile brigade (Vitebsk)

- 33rd separate detachment of Special Forces (Vitebsk).

The organizational structure of the mobile brigades is as follows:

brigade management: headquarters, services;

combat military units and divisions

airmobile battalion;
2 independent mobile battalions
(in each BTR-80, MAZ vehicles, 82mm mortars, 40mm AGS-17 automatic grenade launchers);

artillery battalion (122 mm D-30 howitzers);

anti-aircraft missile and artillery division (BTR-ZD "Screeze", MANPADS "Igla");

combat support and communications units;

logistic and technical support units.

OBRSpN organizationally consists of:

Brigade management
-headquarters; services.

Combat military units and divisions

Special Forces units (detachments);
- communications department.

Support units

MTO division;
- headquarters company;
- medical company.

Based on the analysis of trends in the development of the armed forces of foreign states, the experience of military conflicts of the last decade and the exercises, it was determined that the special operations forces of the Armed Forces are designed to perform various tasks using special methods and methods, in order to prevent the escalation or cessation of the armed conflict against the Republic of Belarus from any aggressor, and are one of the main elements of strategic deterrence. Formations and military units of special operations forces are in constant readiness for timely use both in peacetime and in wartime. They can perform tasks independently or in cooperation with formations and military units of the Armed Forces, internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus and internal affairs bodies, the State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus, newly formed operational detachments of the State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus.

Patch of the Special Special Forces Detachment of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Republic Belarus

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1991-1995

Joint Belarusian-Chinese tactical 2011 workout

Muted version (embroidery)

muted version

Patch stripe 5th ObrSpN of the Armed Forces of the Republic Belarus. Model 1994

Belarus
In 1994, for the 5th separate brigade, the commander of the brigade, Colonel Vilchkovsky I. B., developed a sleeve insignia with the image of a wolf against the background of an open parachute. Sleeve badge lasted from 1994 to 2002.

Patch of the Special Special Forces Detachment of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Republic Belarus

22nd Special Purpose Company of the Western Operational Command of the Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus

33rd Guards Separate Special Purpose Detachment of the Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus

original stripe The 33rd detachment looks exactly like this. Three colors on the field of the shield symbolize 3 elements in which the fighters of the detachment carry out their operational and official activities; blue-sky, green-earth, blue-water.

Reconnaissance Patch of the 38th Guards Separate Vienna Red Banner Mobile Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus

Special Forces of the Republic of Belarus

5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces MO Republic of Belarus (inscription in Latin: "Leaving into the night").

38th Guards Separate Mobile Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus (ceremonial version)

chevron of a special detachment ("officer company") of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus

5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic Belarus, ceremonial version (inscription in Latin: "Leaving into the night").

chevron of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus (inscription in Latin: "Leaving into the night").

chevron of the 103rd Guards Separate Mobile Brigade of the MTR Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (Vitebsk)

chevron of the 38th Guards Separate Mobile Brigade of the MTR Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus (Brest)

In the center of the sleeve insignia is a "walking fox" against the background of a stylized red arrow. The fox is a cunning and cautious beast, acting secretly, assertively but prudently, small, but dangerous predator- symbolizes the specifics of the actions of special forces intelligence officers. The arrow, as an element of a heraldic sign, is an ancient symbol of intelligence - it symbolizes the ability to penetrate deep behind enemy lines and the readiness to perform important tasks at the point of impact. In addition, the sign has the constellation Ursa Major and the North Star, which symbolize accuracy in the choice of targets, control and orientation of special intelligence scouts.
In 1989 Minister of Defense of the Republic Belarus allowed a special company of the beaver of the Special Forces to have its own personal sleeve insignia - "Black Fox" and Chest sign. The sleeve insignia with this symbol in the form of a Gothic shield was developed by servicemen of the 5th arr. Forces of the Republic of Belarus.
From 1994 to 2002, the brigade had a badge with the image of a wolf, developed by the former commander of the brigade, Colonel I. Vilchkovsky.

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Patch of the Special Special Forces Detachment of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Republic Belarus

Joint Belarusian-Chinese tactical 2011 workout

Patch stripe 5th ObrSpN of the Armed Forces of the Republic Belarus. Model 1994

22nd Special Purpose Company of the Western Operational Command of the Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus

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Reconnaissance Patch of the 38th Guards Separate Vienna Red Banner Mobile Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus

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5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces MO Republic of Belarus (inscription in Latin: "Leaving into the night").

38th Guards Separate Mobile Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus (ceremonial version)

chevron of a special detachment ("officer company") of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus

5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic Belarus, ceremonial version (inscription in Latin: "Leaving into the night").

chevron of the 5th Separate Special Forces Brigade of the Special Operations Forces of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus (inscription in Latin: "Leaving into the night").

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