Will there be mushrooms in October? What mushrooms grow in October? Differences between false honey fungus and autumn honey fungus

Honey mushrooms include several types of mushrooms that share their habitat, namely that they usually grow on tree trunks. Summer honey fungus is one of the most common mushrooms eaten.

What do summer mushrooms look like?

The size of the cap reaches 6 cm in diameter. In a young fruiting body it is convex, and as it matures it becomes flat with a central tubercle. During rain, the color becomes brown, and in dry weather it becomes dull honey. The edge of the cap has clearly visible grooves, usually darker than the central part. Upper layer smooth to the touch and slightly slimy.

At the bottom of the cap there are thin plates that can be adherent or slightly descending. The older the mushroom, the darker the color of the plates. The flesh of the cap is watery and pale yellow- brown.

The thin leg, no more than 7 cm high, has a dense structure. The color is uneven: the upper part is lighter than the base. In addition, there are small dark scales below. Young individuals are characterized by the presence of a remnant of the veil in the form of a thin ring, which disappears over time.

Places and rules for collecting summer mushrooms

The season for collecting summer honey mushrooms begins in June and continues until the beginning of autumn. Mushrooms are found in all forest plantations in Russia. Experienced mushroom pickers go out in search of crops after long rains, especially if it's worth it warm weather. Most often, honey mushrooms settle in hard-to-reach or impassable places. If you come across a tree with a rotten hollow on your way, it is recommended to look into it, otherwise you may miss a whole nest of mushrooms.

Summer honey mushrooms, in addition to fallen trees and clearings, can settle on healthy wood or at the base of the tree, in leaves or tall grass. Mushrooms love birch, oak and hazel.

Varieties of honey mushrooms (video)

Not to return from quiet hunt empty-handed, it is recommended to go for mushrooms in a forest that is over 30 years old, since its forest area has many suitable places for mushrooms: windbreaks, rotten stumps, protruding root systems. It is important to adhere to the established rules for collecting forest gifts:

• do not cut off unfamiliar or unfamiliar mushrooms;
• if there are suspicions about the edibility of a mushroom, it is better not to pick it;
• It is not recommended to collect very young or, conversely, old specimens, since the fruiting body absorbs toxic substances;
• It is advisable to twist the tubular type, and break or cut off the marsupial mushrooms;
• When picking a mushroom, it is important not to cause damage to the mycelium;
• since honey mushrooms grow in colonies, if you find one mushroom, you should carefully search nearby;
• Instead of a bucket, it is recommended to take a basket to provide air access and avoid spoilage of the mushrooms;
• Mushrooms should be placed in the basket with their caps down or sideways.

It is best to go for mushrooms early in the morning, while their freshness and density have not yet been lost after the coolness of the night. Fruit bodies not fragile, but easily bendable, which makes them easier to transport.

Description of the taste and nutritional value of summer mushrooms

The fruits belong to the 4th category of taste. Their soft and pleasant taste, as well as the delicate aroma of fresh wood, is valued in Russian cuisine. Universal mushrooms are used in preparing any dishes, because heat treatment does not affect nutritional properties. The legs are not recommended due to their hardness.

Having studied the properties of honey mushrooms, experts came to the conclusion that it is not only a tasty product, but also healthy.

How to distinguish summer honey mushrooms from false types of mushrooms

Among the representatives of the mushroom kingdom, there are inedible individuals that are similar to their edible relatives, not only in appearance, but also in their places of growth. So that a poisonous specimen does not end up in the basket with summer honey mushrooms, It is important to know some differences:

• an edible mushroom is characterized by the presence of a ring (skirt) on the stem, formed from a protective film, which, as the mushroom matures, comes off the cap, remaining on the stem;
• on the surface of the cap of natural representatives (except for old individuals) there are small scales, painted in a darker palette than the cap;
• the color of the surface film on the caps of false specimens is much brighter and depends on the location of the fungus;
• the color of the plates in twins is slightly green, yellowish or dark olive, in summer mushrooms it is beige-cream or light yellow, depending on the age of the mushroom;
• in contrast to the musty smell emitted by inedible species, real mushrooms have a pleasant aroma.

Given the signs edible mushrooms, even a novice mushroom picker will be able to distinguish false specimens from forest mushrooms.

Where do honey mushrooms grow (video)

Features of growing summer honey mushrooms at home

Honey mushrooms are natural product, which is cultivated in an artificial environment. There are several growing methods that do not require special preparation, using:

• logs;
• banks;
• package;
• greenhouse or open area.

Only winter and summer varieties are suitable for self-cultivation. When using wood, it is important to adhere to the following rules:

1. The trunk must have a dense structure, but not rotten (birch, aspen, poplar) with a diameter of 15 cm or more;
2. Provide sufficient humidity. If the material for growing mushrooms is dry, then a few days before sowing it should be watered abundantly or immersed in water;
3. After sowing, bring the trunk into a cool room (not lower than 15°C);
4. As soon as the mycelium begins to germinate intensively, the wood can be taken out to the site and buried a little with earth;
5. You can collect mushrooms after a couple of years, until the wood is completely destroyed;
6. To obtain mycelium, you can use fruits, wood pieces, or purchase mycelium in specialized stores. It is recommended to use a refrigerator to store it.

If desired, dilute mushrooms personal plot, wood is usually used. At the same time, labor costs are very low. In addition, you can grow mushrooms on your own in a greenhouse or in a jar. In the case of using a greenhouse, the following technology is used:

• logs prepared in advance are stacked in the greenhouse;
• wood is infected with mycelium using spores or mycelium;
• Before the mushrooms appear, the wood is constantly moistened.

In addition to wood, you can use substrate blocks purchased ready-made, or jars or bags. If desired, you can make the blocks yourself from a mixture of sawdust, barley (oats) and chalk. You need to take 200 g of sawdust, 70 g of cereals and a teaspoon of chalk. Then boil the sawdust in water for a third of an hour, drain the water and dry it. After this, add the remaining ingredients, mix and place tightly in a container. This method is usually used for cultivation.

To grow summer honey mushrooms, large areas are not required. 15-20 sq.m. is enough. m. Regardless of the chosen location, it is important to maintain temperature regime, varying from 20-25°C to 10-15°C. Keeping high level humidity, you can increase the rate of mycelium development. Mushrooms do not require lighting, so in an open area it is better to choose a shady place so as not to dry out the wood.

How to cook honey mushrooms (video)

Due to the unpretentiousness of honey mushrooms and easy care, many mushroom pickers decide to grow them at home. Breeding technology is selected depending on living conditions and available funds. Besides, this type mushrooms are very tasty and can be stored for a long time without losing its properties.

With the onset of autumn, the world around us transforms and changes its shades. This is especially noticeable in autumn forest. Walking along forest paths, you can be completely satisfied with the variety of colors that nature itself generously gifts us with. Among three months In autumn, October stands out with its brightness. It is not so warm, but on sunny days all the trees in the forest glow with gold. A walk in the forest can be useful if desired. Among the fallen leaves you can see a mushroom trying to hide. Autumn is the period of mushroom picking. There is a place to have a blast and stock up on mushrooms for the winter. Let's first figure out what mushrooms grow in October.

October harvest!

In the middle month, the number of mushrooms begins to decrease, but their quality noticeably improves. Due to the fact that the nights are already cool and there is fog in the morning, there are fewer and fewer mushroom flies. Mushrooms, accordingly, retain their integrity. In this connection, the fungi that we collect in the fall are better stored, unlike those collected in the summer.

IN different regions countries, the diversity of mushroom species is still different. Much depends on climatic conditions. When going for mushrooms, take a real mushroom picker with you, because if you are not professional in this matter, you risk picking up poisonous species, which are very similar to edible mushrooms. Therefore, do not take risks, but approach this issue with all seriousness.

In October forested areas The following mushrooms can inhabit:

The cap of the milk mushroom is funnel-shaped, regular in shape. IN early age convex with rolled edges. Young milk mushrooms are dark olive in color and earthy. With age it darkens to a dark brown hue. The stem of the mushroom is thickened to 8 centimeters in height and has a cylindrical shape. Tapers towards the bottom. It is lighter than the hat. As it matures, it becomes hollow. The flesh of the milk mushroom is dense and brittle.

Detailed information about honey mushrooms: types, photos, places and terms of growth, distinctive features of inedible ones.

Honey mushrooms are the most common mushrooms. They are familiar even to a novice mushroom picker. But their diversity sometimes casts even scientists involved in the study of mushrooms into doubt when determining their species. But honey mushrooms are not only edible, but also deadly poisonous.

Therefore, before you go into the forest, familiarize yourself with the main, most common types of honey mushrooms.

Types of edible honey mushrooms - Assumption, summer, meadow, Chinese, autumn, winter, thick-legged, slimy honey mushrooms, honey mushroom: description, photo

Summer (Kuehneromyces mutabilis)

Meadow (lat. Marasmius oreades)

Edible scale (lat. Pholiota nameko)

Autumn (Armillaria mellea) or Assumption

Winter (Flammulina velutipes)

Thick-legged (lat. Armillaria lutea, Armillaria gallica)

Mucous or udemansiella mucosa (lat. Oudemansiella mucida)

Common garlic (lat. Mycetinis scorodonius, Marasmius scorodonius)

How to identify false honey mushrooms: signs

1. Most main feature- false mushrooms do not have a membranous ring (skirt) on the leg
2. Have an unpleasant earthy odor
3. The color of the caps is bright
4. Smooth caps without scales
5. The plates are yellow, becoming greenish or olive-black as they grow
6. They taste bitter when eaten

How to distinguish toadstools from real honey mushrooms?

note

On what stumps do honey mushrooms grow?

Be carefull

Poisoning can be caused by both poisonous and edible varieties honey, last in case of poor quality.

• The first symptoms of poisoning with rotten boiled or poorly pickled edible specimens appear 1-2 hours after their use, in the form of:

1. Nauseous attacks and vomiting
2. Diarrhea
3. Pain in the stomach and intestinal areas
4. Heartburn and belching
5. General weakness
6. Headache
7. Increased body temperature to 37.5 degrees
8. Increased gas formation in the intestines

• False honey mushrooms, mistakenly taken into food, cause the first symptoms of poisoning within 15-20 minutes. They develop brightly, instantly disturb the patient’s condition, and are expressed:

1. Severe dizziness and loss of coordination
2. Nausea and vomiting. First, food residues come out, and then gastric juice and bile
3. Breathing disorders - turns into superficial, frequent, accompanied by shortness of breath, lack of air is felt
4. Bright mirages - auditory, tactile or visual
5. Copious and repeated diarrhea
6. Convulsions - partial or general
7. Impaired awareness, even coma is possible

Popular gifts of nature are extremely appetizing in any form:

• fried
• stewed
• pickled
• salty

A successful harvest harvested on time will allow you to enjoy yourself and treat your guests with the healthy gifts of nature in the winter.

Video: Mushrooms of October: autumn honey mushrooms

Honey mushrooms are such small and inconspicuous-looking mushrooms that, out of ignorance, they can be mistaken for toadstools. With an abundance of other mushrooms of a more presentable appearance, honey mushrooms often remain untouched. And only when the range of mushrooms in the forests is small, they remember honey mushrooms.

Where and when do honey mushrooms grow?

Honey mushrooms grow from May to late autumn.

Most often they appear near stumps or on fallen trees, which is why they got their name. Even if honey mushrooms have chosen a clearing, it’s not just like that. This means that roots extend deep underground, extending from a stump that was once a powerful tree.

Honey mushrooms are permanent mushrooms. They don't like to "jump" from place to place. And if a family of honey mushrooms was once discovered near some fallen tree, then experienced mushroom pickers will say with one hundred percent certainty that next year it will be possible to harvest a good harvest of mushrooms here. And until the stump of this tree (or the tree itself) turns into dust, honey mushrooms will appear near it.

Honey mushrooms differ from each other in appearance and time of appearance. This comes from the fact that there are several types of honey mushrooms: summer honey fungus, meadow honey fungus, autumn honey fungus and winter honey fungus.

In May, when there are no other mushrooms in the forests, mushrooms appear in clearings, pastures, pastures, and along the edges of fields. honey fungus. It grows until November.

Honey fungus is a sociable mushroom. It grows in such groups that you can pick a whole basket of mushrooms from one clearing. It is noteworthy that meadow honey fungus often grows not just in bunches, but as if forming a circle, which is popularly called the “witch’s circle.” And these circles are sometimes quite large diameter. This is the mycelium of the meadow honey fungus that is growing so much. Of course, if it is not disturbed or damaged by vandal mushroom pickers.

The meadow honey fungus has a yellowish-brownish or cream-colored cap with a tubercle in the middle. The edges of the cap are always lighter than the center. The leg is high, thin, tortuous, dense. The meadow honey fungus emits a pleasant smell of mushrooms and cloves. The taste is sweetish.

Summer honey fungus grows from July to September. It appears on deciduous stumps, as well as logs, rotten wood and other debris deciduous trees. It does not grow on a living tree. This is a small mushroom with a yellow-brown cap, the edges of which are darker than the middle, and a brownish stem. Below the ring on the stem, the color changes to brown-green.

Autumn honey fungus differs from other honey mushrooms in the brown color of the cap and unusual scales that cover the entire cap, especially in the young mushroom. The flesh of the mushroom is light brown or beige. Autumn honey mushrooms have a pleasant smell and a sour-sweet taste.

Autumn honey fungus grows on stumps, dead wood, and also often moves onto living trunks of coniferous and deciduous trees, causing irreparable damage to them. After all, if autumn honey mushrooms completely take a fancy to some tree, it means that it will soon die.

Autumn honey fungus appears in August and grows until October, sometimes longer.

The difference between honey mushrooms and inedible and poisonous mushrooms

It happens that mushrooms grow at the wrong time. This does not happen with honey mushrooms. Therefore, confuse honey fungus with inedible or poisonous mushroom difficult. Especially if you know the appearance not only of honey mushrooms, but also inedible mushrooms.

For example, honey fungus can be confused with wood-loving collibia. It grows from May to December. The difference is a hollow stem, more frequent plates and an unpleasant odor.

It also grows in the same places as honey mushrooms. talker whitewashed. It is distinguished by a light cap without a tubercle in the middle and a floury smell.

Candol's false honey fungus has a white or brownish cap with purple-brown plates (in adult mushrooms) and a thin, hollow stalk.

Gray-yellow honey fungus has a yellow cap, a thin yellow stem and bitter flesh.

Seroplate honey fungus grows on wood coniferous trees and is distinguished by grayish plates.

Honeycombs are inedible. Their hallmark – bright color the caps are greenish, reddish or yellow-sulfur in color.

All fresh honey mushrooms have a pleasant smell, which cannot be said about false honey mushrooms and other inedible mushrooms that can be confused with honey mushrooms.

Winter honey fungus- the latest mushroom - is slightly different from the rest of the mushrooms precisely in the color of the cap, which can be cream, light yellow and even yellow-red.

Winter honey fungus grows in groups not only on dead wood, but sometimes settles on living weakened trees, thereby destroying them.

Winter honey fungus does not disappear even during short frosts, but only becomes covered with a thin ice crust. And as soon as the sun warms it, it will thaw.

All types of honey mushrooms are eaten fresh, boiled, or fried. They are also salted, dried, pickled and frozen. But you need to remember that most mushrooms have a hard stem, especially adult mushrooms, so when picking mushrooms, most often only the caps are cut off or a small stem is left. Since honey mushrooms have a thin leg, scissors are used instead of a knife.

Honey mushrooms are considered one of the varieties of edible mushrooms with plates. They are divided into autumn, summer and winter. It's hard to say for sure what time to collect hemp mushrooms. Autumn honey mushrooms are ending mushroom season and are considered the most collected and widespread mushrooms. They begin to be collected at the end of August and bear fruit for two to three weeks. If the summer turns out to be dry, then this period may go unnoticed or go to a later time. And in the Northern Hemisphere, the second stage of fruiting often occurs, depending on weather conditions. There these mushrooms can grow until half of October.

Summer honey fungus begins to be collected in early June and ends in October. Unlike the autumn one, it has a much smaller cap, its color is yellowish-brown, lighter closer to the center. This mushroom belongs to the fourth category, which is most suitable for drying, soups and pickling.
Winter honey fungus grows only on trees, in small groups. It appears in autumn and remains under the snow in winter. And in a fairly mild climate, honey fungus can be collected until March. It does not have a strong taste; it is mainly used in stews and first courses, as well as in pickled form.

How to distinguish a false honey mushroom from a real one

Inedible honey mushrooms are a number of names of mushrooms, externally similar to edible honey mushrooms. They like to grow in the same parts of the forest as the real ones, on trees that are littered, stumps and stem parts in small groups. Therefore they can easily be confused with false mushrooms. They are divided into three groups:

• inedible
• conditionally edible
• poisonous.

Therefore, you should not take risks and take a mushroom if you are not completely sure of its edibility. If there is even the slightest doubt that it is genuine and can be used in cooking, it is best not to put it in the basket.

The first main point, by which it is easy to distinguish the honey fungus from the inedible one, is the presence of a ring with a film, a kind of skirt, on the leg. Such a ring is a residual phenomenon from the blanket, which plays the role of protection for the honey mushroom at a young age. Inedible mushrooms do not have such a ring.

In addition, there are a number of other distinctive features, false mushrooms:

1. Not false honey mushrooms tasty in smell, they have a mushroom aroma, while inedible mushrooms have an unpleasant and earthy aroma.
2. Inedible honey mushrooms have caps that are most brightly and loudly colored, unlike the opposite ones. Shades can be sulfur yellow or pale red, it all depends on the species. Non-false mushrooms are characterized by the usual light brownish color.
3. The top of edible honey mushrooms has small scales, while the opposite ones have nothing on it, it is smooth to the touch. But this does not apply to old non-false honey mushrooms, since they also have a smooth cap.
4. If you compare the underside of the mushroom caps, they also have differences in color. Plates of inedible mushrooms yellow color, but in older ones it is green or olive-black. But in real honey mushrooms they are creamy or yellowish-white.
5. By taste qualities false honey mushrooms have a bitter taste, but you should not try the mushrooms; all of the above signs are quite enough to determine the edibility of the mushroom.

How and where to collect milk mushrooms, boletus, honey mushrooms

For an experienced mushroom picker, the listed qualities will be immediately remembered and will help to distinguish them in the future, but for a beginner it is better to apply the knowledge carefully and carefully. Because they are theoretical, and each person views color and smell differently. Only experience will help you choose the right mushroom. And for the first trips you should start from an indicative moment in appearance– this is the presence of a skirt with honey mushroom legs. Now it becomes clear when to collect hemp mushrooms and how to distinguish honey mushrooms by appearance. demand to themselves special attention. Read our website website and you won't have any problems with them.

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