Lexical topic of berries in a speech therapy preparatory group. Planning educational work in the preparatory group on the topic: "Garden. Fruits. Berries." Walk in the forest

Svetlana Agafonova
Summary of a lesson on the surrounding world in a preparatory group on the topic “Wild berries”

Familiarization with the world around us in the preparatory group on the topic"Berries"

Tasks:

Generalization and systematization of ideas about the changes occurring in the life of the forest in autumn, about wild berries , places of their growth;

Activation and updating of the dictionary topic« Berries» .Forest in autumn” (forest, swamp, berry, cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, cloudberries, blackberries, raspberries)

Upbringing careful attitude to nature.

Progress of the lesson

1. Organizational moment

spherical shape,

Berries have,

In the swamps in autumn,

They know how to ripen! (cranberry)

A lot of berries in baskets,

There are blueberries and cloudberries.

Here the blackberries are turning black,

Nearby is red. (cowberry)

IN:- What did I ask a riddle about?

D:-O berries

IN:- Today we will talk about late berries. Cranberries ripen in the swamps in late autumn. It grows on hummocks berries lie directly on the moss. Berries are visible from afar, and the stems are invisible. But if you look closely, you will see that there are thin threads stretching across the moss cushion, and on them are hard shiny leaves.

-« Little black berry“, little, sweet, cute for the kids” - this is what people say about blueberries. Blueberry bushes grow in peat bogs.

She was born in a swamp,

Hidden in the soft grass.

Yellow brooch- berry(cloudberry)

It is large, juicy, beautiful berry.

Grows in the north. Found in mossy swamps, along the banks of rivers and lakes, on forest glades. It is a medicinal product.

Lingonberry is a small creeping shrub. Taste the berries resemble lingonberries. From berry jam, and the leaves are used to make medicine.

Blackberries resemble raspberries. The berries look black, but in fact these are black the berries only seem, they are painted in a thick dark purple color. From berries blackberries get very delicious jam, jam, jelly. In late autumn, only cranberries, lingonberries and rowan berries can be collected in the forest. Rest berries at this time you will no longer meet.

2. Physical exercise "By berries»

IN:- And now I suggest you go into the forest for berries. And we will take baskets with us to collect berries.

We to went out to the forest meadow,

Lifting your legs higher

Through bushes and hummocks,

Through branches and stumps.

Who walked so high -

Didn't trip, didn't fall.

So we came to the clearing.

(Children go one after another, bend over, pretending to gather berries).

We collect in the forest

Cranberries and lingonberries, (There are pictures on the carpet depicting berries)

And we will carry it home Children only collect berries.)

Full basket.

2. “What taste?”

Blueberries have a sweet taste, cranberries have a sour taste, lingonberries have a bitter-sour taste, cloudberries have a sweet taste, blackberries have a sweet and sour taste, and rowan berries have a bitter taste.

3. Game "The Fourth Wheel"

IN:- When berries are brought from the forest, they are usually sorted out, cleaned of leaves, unripe berries, miscellaneous forest waste, which could end up in the basket.

Lingonberries, blueberries, sticks, cloudberries;

Blackberry, rowan, cranberry, leaf;

Cranberries, cloudberries, flowers, lingonberries;

Blueberries, cranberries, twigs, blackberries.

4. Ball game “These are the kind of chefs”

IN:- There are blueberries, wild strawberries, blackberries and lingonberries.

All you have to do is talk about Boil some berries for us.

I'll throw you a ball and start a sentence. You will catch the ball and finish the sentence.

IN:-You can make… from blueberries.

D:-Blueberry jam.

IN:-Cranberries can be used to prepare...

D:- Cranberry compote.

IN:- Lingonberries can be used to prepare...

D:- Lingonberry jam.

IN:- Cloudberries can be used to make...

D:- Delicious fruit drink.

IN:-What else can be prepared from berries?

D:- Delicious pie, cakes, pastries.

6. Summing up classes

IN:-Who needs berries?

D:-Animals, birds, insects, people.

IN:- "What kind of benefits of berries?»

D:- They contain many vitamins that are beneficial to humans. Medicinal decoctions and fruit drinks are prepared from them.

IN:- Among the people They say: “To live near a forest, you won’t be hungry. Why do they say this?

D:-The forest is our wealth, it must be preserved and protected.

Bibliography:

1. Nishcheva N.V. Modern system correctional work in speech therapy group for children with general speech underdevelopment. -SPb.: Publishing House LLC "Childhood-Press",2013.-624 p.

2. Lozbyakova M.I. Learning correctly and clearly speak: A manual for speech therapists, educators, parents. M.: Ventana - Graff, 2003. - 304 p.

Publications on the topic:

Summary of a lesson on the surrounding world in the middle group “Space Travel” Space trip. Goal: Development of patriotism. Socialization. Show that people's dreams come true (flight into space). Objectives: 1. Educational.

Summary of a lesson on the surrounding world in the senior group "Cosmos" Lesson notes on the world around us senior group on the topic “Space” Objectives: - Formation of ideas about space, space exploration by people, work.

Lesson summary for the middle group on the environment “Pets” Topic: “Pets” Objectives: To introduce children to such concepts as “pets” and their “cubs”. Develop attention.

Cognitive and creative project with children of senior preschool age

Teaching visual arts is an important component educational program kindergarten. Drawing, sculpting and appliqué are children’s favorite activities, craving for creativity stronger year from year. Receiving positive emotions From the process of creating crafts, the children simultaneously develop the skills necessary for their future school life. By the age of 6–7 years, the fine motor skills of preschoolers are well developed, the ability to predict and analyze, to identify relationships between objects and phenomena of the surrounding world appears. In visual arts classes, children are given maximum freedom of choice in completing a task: independently thinking through a plan, planning actions for its implementation, determining execution techniques, necessary tools and materials. Today we will tell you how a lesson on the topic “Mushrooms and Berries” should be held in a preparatory group of children.

Preparation for a drawing lesson on the topic “Mushrooms and Berries” in the preparatory group of a kindergarten

Drawing is one of the main forms creative activity child. Held in kindergarten classes serve harmonious and emotional positive development preschooler preparing for primary school and develop personal qualities. Working with a brush, pencils and felt-tip pens develops fine motor skills and prepares the hand for mastering an important skill for future life - writing. In drawing classes, a child gains knowledge about colors and shades, learns to see beauty in various color combinations. Spatial thinking develops, the concepts of composition and perspective are reinforced. Figurative memory and thought processes are activated.

Objectives of teaching drawing in the preparatory group

1. Development of aesthetic feelings: color and compositional perception of objects, sense of form, rhythm, proportion. By directing children to a specific visual perception of objects, the teacher must teach them to see the beauty of objects and the unique properties of objects.
2. Development of spatial thinking, consolidation of compositional abilities. Older preschoolers should be able to create a three-plane composition.
3. Learning to identify the main or most significant properties object using color highlighting, image size, location in the foreground of the picture.
4. Development of drawing skills based on ideas (on themes of the surrounding reality, based on fairy tales).
5. Encouragement for independent creative activity, activation of the child’s imagination.

Pupils of the preparatory group are familiar with main types of drawing and use various techniques and techniques to realize the creative concept:

1. Subject drawing.

   Children learn to realistically convey in a drawing the characteristic shape of an object or its parts, respecting proportions, color, volume, and movement. Children aged 6–7 years actively develop analytical thinking, they learn to identify general signs Objects also have features by which they differ from one another. Drawing is not carried out in classes in the senior and preparatory groups. Samples may be viewed finished works on a given topic, discussion of execution techniques, drawing techniques. There is no direct demonstration of actions. Recommended when studying technology maps and visual instructions Together with the students, build an oral plan for performing actions. Great importance is given to drawing objects from life: the children learn to convey the characteristic features of structure and form using specific examples. In the preparatory group, the guys draw objects and, based on ideas, using images visual memory and following the imagination.

2. Subject drawing.

   Preschoolers learn to convey their impressions and sensations by drawing objects and displaying their understanding of the connection between them and interaction. In the preparatory group, children are given the opportunity to independently come up with a plot (small scene) on the topic of the lesson. The compositional abilities of young artists develop: they arrange the drawing over the entire area of ​​the sheet, learn to determine the position of objects - foreground and background. In the graduating group of kindergarten, children master the ability to convey the characteristic movements of objects, overcome the conventionality and static nature of the image.

3. Decorative drawing.

   Learning to decorate a paper blank or papier-mâché figurine fulfills the requirement of developing aesthetic taste in art classes. Preschoolers get acquainted with the folk crafts of our country, learn to see beauty in the products of craftsmen from the people. The children use the acquired knowledge about the features of Gzhel, Khokhloma, and Gorodets paintings in creating their own patterns based on folk painting.

For the topic “Mushrooms and Berries” in the preparatory group, the most relevant is subject drawing from life or from an idea: “ Fir branches", "Bunch of Rowan", "Fly Agaric", "Mushrooms in the Forest", "Family of Honey Mushrooms", etc. The children practice the skills of creating a composition, arranging objects on a sheet of paper, learn to fill the entire sheet with a drawing, and create an unusual background. Drawing from life will be the main method in school. In the preparatory group, students are not tasked with depicting the volume of an object or creating light and shade. The goal in teaching children 6–7 years old is to learn to identify the features of an object in front of them and display them in a drawing: the shape of the object, its parts, the relationship of parts with the main figure. Analyzing an object and conveying its details is successfully carried out by children 6–7 years old when the object is close to each other. Classes that have a game element at their core are effective. For example, in front of each student, a sprig of rowan is placed on the table, which, according to the assignment, must be drawn from life. Each person studies only his own branch, identifies and depicts its features (one or two clusters of berries, a forked branch, the number of leaves, fresh or withered foliage). At the end of the lesson, the teacher collects the twigs and places them on the common table, inviting the children to find from the drawings who drew which branch.

Work on this topic is often carried out using the method of plot drawing: “Bullfinches pecking a rowan tree”, “A squirrel jumped onto a branch”, “Mushroom hedgehog”, “Who hid under the fungus”, etc. Pupils of the preparatory group learn to depict the characteristic movements of birds and animals, think through small story scenes. IN decorative painting Mushrooms and berries are also used to create floral patterns on the workpiece.

As a basis for drawings, sets of white and colored paper, special for watercolor and gouache, and Whatman paper are used (usually for creating collective works or implementation of creative projects). Tinted paper is rarely used for work, mainly to create a decorative pattern based on folk painting. In subject and subject drawing classes, children learn to create a background on their own (plain or with smooth transitions).

Drawing techniques and techniques

Let's consider in the form of a table what techniques senior schoolchildren should master as part of learning drawing in the preparatory group:

On the topic “Mushrooms and Berries,” classes are held on non-traditional drawing techniques: wax crayons with sketching with watercolor paint, cotton swabs, chalk on sandpaper, scratch paper techniques, monotype, etc.

Examples of drawings of mushrooms, branches and berries made using non-traditional techniques

Drawing with prints Scratchboard Blotography Finger painting Monotype Blotography Finger painting Drawing with wax and watercolor Dot painting Drawing with crayons on sandpaper “Poke” method

In progress educational activities a person-centered approach should be implemented. When preparing to conduct drawing classes in a preparatory group, the teacher must take into account the individual characteristics of each child. This is the degree of proficiency in specific drawing techniques, the ability to work in mixed media, the degree of involvement in collective activities. All students must achieve the goal set at the beginning of the lesson. For those who have difficulties in the process of creating a drawing, the teacher uses a form of individual demonstration. Successful students are additionally given tasks to decorate a finished drawing or design a general composition in a subgroup (creating a panel on a sheet of whatman paper).

The personal approach is implemented through the freedom of choice by students of drawing materials. Children should be given access to sets of paper, pencils and markers, paints and crayons. Older preschoolers, based on an assessment of their capabilities, have the right to independently choose a drawing technique to complete the task.

The main thing in the implementation of a student-centered learning concept is to provide freedom of design. The child is given a topic that involves activating the imagination. Drawing with a plot is especially conducive to imagination: the child comes up with images for the drawing, a situation, the relationship of objects.

Options for individual and collective compositions on the theme “Berries and Mushrooms”

Motivating start to a lesson on “Berries and Mushrooms”

A mandatory stage of a visual arts lesson in a preparatory group is a motivating beginning. It creates an emotionally positive atmosphere, activates the pupils’ figurative memory, expands children’s knowledge about the surrounding reality, and sets them up for the subsequent creative process. The following are used as motivating material at the beginning of a drawing lesson:

• Visual material: thematic posters, cards, illustrations in books, toys and figurines.
• Reading poems, fairy tales, proverbs and sayings, excerpts from prose works of art on the topic of the lesson.
• Conducting a conversation.
• Creation of problem and game situations, surprise moments.
• Use of technical means: listening to audio recordings, showing slides on a projector.

Examples of using motivating materials at the beginning of a lesson on the topic “Mushrooms and Berries”

Drawing up notes for a drawing lesson on the topic “Mushrooms and Berries”

Temporary plan for a drawing lesson in the preparatory group

The duration of a drawing lesson for pupils aged 6–7 years is no more than 30 minutes.

• Organizational moment 1–2 minutes.
• Motivating start 6-7 minutes.
• Practical work 15–17 minutes.
• Demonstration and discussion of finished works for 2–3 minutes.
• Summing up 1 minute.

The teacher analyzes each lesson conducted according to the following criteria:

• Achieving the goal of the lesson.
• Fulfillment of educational and educational tasks.
• The emotional mood of the pupils at each stage of the lesson (what caused this or that state of the children).
• The presence of delays at any stage of the lesson: identifying the causes and ways of correction in subsequent educational activities.
• Analysis of students’ work: which drawing techniques require additional reinforcement.
• Self-analysis of the teacher’s work: which teaching methods and techniques were effective in conducting the lesson, which were not.

Outline of a drawing lesson (preparatory group) on the topic “Rowan Branch”.
Creating a drawing using various techniques (dipping, poking, drawing with the end of a brush, elements of finger painting). TasksCreate comfortable conditions for positive creative activity.
Improving watercolor painting skills.
Strengthening the skill of mixing paints on a plastic palette or sheet of paper.
Developing a sense of beauty through observing natural objects. Progress of the lessonThe teacher reads a poem about the beautiful mountain ash. Tells the children about the structural features of this tree and how the color of its leaves changes with the onset of autumn.
Study and discussion of visual material - pictures depicting rowan trees in different seasons.
Practical part:
Tinting a sheet of paper using paint and a piece of foam rubber.
While the paper is drying, the teacher once again examines the image of a rowan branch with the children, discussing the structural features, shapes of berries and leaves, and color qualities.
Drawing branches and leaves with a brush, rowan berries with fingertips.
Drawing small details with the tip of a brush: leaf veins with strokes, berry centers with dots.
Demonstration and analysis of finished works.
Gratitude to the students for the work done.

The order of drawings on the theme “Mushrooms and berries”

Pupils of the preparatory group actively develop the ability to follow the teacher’s oral instructions. Therefore, before the children complete the practical part of the task, the teacher should discuss with them in what ways and in what sequence they will draw the landscape, and how leading questions and prompts to guide them to the recommended course of action. You can look at examples of finished works on a given topic and invite the children to determine the techniques used to create these drawings. For those children who have difficulty completing the task, cards with schematic instructions for drawing objects can be offered. The teacher performs a direct demonstration of actions for pupils of the preparatory group only in the case of performing a particularly difficult element or individually in a situation of extreme difficulty for the pupil.

"Rowan Branch"

Creating a sketch Creating a sketch Coloring with shading Drawing with shading of leaves The process of shading Painting the contours of berries Painted brush The process of tracing the contours of a branch Drawing the contours Drawing leaf veins Tracing the contours of berries Brush with outlined berries Drawing berry cores (crosses or stars) Brush with drawn cores Drawing cores with dots Finished work

"Rowan Branch"

Drawing a sketch with a simple pencil Tracing the contours of a branch Coloring the branch Tracing the contours and coloring the leaves Painted branch and leaves Tracing the contours of the berries Coloring the berries Painted branch and bunches of rowan Drawing the veins Drawing the cores of the berries (crosses) Intermediate stage of drawing Drawing small details Finished work

"Mushroom hedgehog"

Creating a watercolor background While the background is drying, draw the body of the hedgehog Draw the grass with strokes Draw the legs of the hedgehog Draw the face and nose Apply brown strokes - needles Apply strokes with black paint Gouache draw the legs of the mushrooms Draw the caps of the mushrooms Let the gouache dry Use the tip of the brush to outline the legs of the mushrooms The mushrooms are also outlined on the hedgehog Ready Job

"Who hid under the fungus"

We draw the background of the sky with watercolor paint. We draw the grass in a smooth transition. On the wet background we draw clouds in the sky. We draw drops with strokes on the wet watercolor background. We draw grass and leaves with strokes on the wet watercolor background. With gouache we draw the leg of a mushroom. With gouache we draw the hat. beetles Draw details with the tip of the brush Finished work

Berries grow on trees, bushes, swamps, and low bushes.

You can make compote, jelly, fruit drink, pie, and jelly from the berries.

GAME "WHAT? WHAT? WHAT?"
Cherry jelly, what kind? - Cherry.
Raspberry pie? - Raspberry.
Currant juice? - Currant.
Strawberry compote? - Strawberry.
Cranberry juice? - Cranberry.

GAME "WHAT JAM".
Raspberry – raspberry jam
Blueberry – blueberry jam
Strawberry – strawberry jam
Cranberry – cranberry jam
Lingonberry – lingonberry jam, etc.

TELL WHICH BERRY:
What kind of lingonberry? Red, sour, small.
What kind of raspberry? Pink, large, sweet, juicy.
What kind of blueberry? Blue, sweet, small.

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH PREPOSITIONS:
Rowan berries grow... on a tree.
Gooseberries are falling... from the bush.
Strawberries were picked... twigs.
Blackberries were laid out... baskets.
They were looking for blueberry bushes... in the grass.
Currant berries were peeking out...leaves.

SAY THE OPPOSITE:
The strawberries are large, and the raspberries...
The gooseberries are hard, and the blueberries...
Blackberries are sweet, and currants...
Rowan is bitter, and strawberries...

SELECT AS MANY WORDS AND ACTIONS AS POSSIBLE:
The berries on the branches (what are they doing?) grow, ripen, ripen, ripen, and fill with juice.
Berries from branches...
People in the forest berries...
Juice from berries...
Juice in a glass...
Jam, (jam, jam) from apples...
Add berries to the basket...

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES USING "SO THAT" AND "BECAUSE":
Mom bought a bucket of cherries to...
Mom went through the currants to...
Mom bought Sasha strawberries because...
Mom dried rose hips...
Vova did not eat gooseberries...
Grind raspberries with sugar...

COMPLETE DESCRIPTIVE STORIES ABOUT BERRIES:
Name.
Where does it grow?
Appearance.
What does it taste like?
What is made from it?

WHERE DOES BERRY GROW.

Sour cranberries grow in a swamp. You can also collect it in the spring, when the snow melts. Anyone who has not seen how a cranberry grows can walk on it and not see it. Blueberries grow - you see them: next to the berry leaf. And there are so many of them that the place turns blue. Blueberries grow in bushes. In remote places there is also a stone fruit - a red berry with a tassel, a sour berry. Our only berry - cranberry - is invisible from above.

QUESTIONS:
How do cranberries grow?
What other berries grow in the forest?
How do they grow?
Which berry is invisible from above?

RETELLING.

BERRY PICKING.

I pick berries from the branches
And I collect it in a basket.
A basket full of berries!
I'll try a little.
I'll eat a little more -
The path to home will be easier.
And let's eat some more raspberries.
How many berries are in the basket?
One two three four five…
I will collect again

RIDDLES ABOUT BERRIES.

Small as a mouse
Red as blood
Tastes like honey. (Cherry)

In haymaking it’s bitter,
And in the cold it’s sweet,
What kind of berry? (Kalina)

Two sisters are green in summer,
By autumn one turns red, the other turns black. (Red and black currants)

Autumn has come to our garden,
The red torch was lit,
Here blackbirds and starlings scurry about,
And, noisily, they peck at him. (Rowan)

Red beads hanging
They're looking at us from the bushes,
Love these beads very much
Children, birds and bears. (Raspberries)

Low and prickly
Sweet and fragrant
If you pick the berries, you'll rip off your whole hand. (Gooseberry)

The long-legged one boasts -
Am I not beautiful?
And the bone itself
Yes, a red blouse. (Cherry)

Himself scarlet, sugar,
Kaftan green, velvet (Watermelon)

Striped balls came to us from melons. (Watermelon)

Small as a mouse
Red as blood
Tastes like honey. (Cherry)

I'm a drop of summer on a thin leg,
They weave boxes and baskets for me.
He who loves me is happy to bow down.
And the name was given to me by my native land. (Strawberry)

In the hot sun, the stumps have many thin stems,
Each thin stalk holds a scarlet light,
We rake the stems and collect the lights. (Strawberry)

And red and sour
She grew up in a swamp. (Cranberry)

Drawing classes in kindergarten occupy a special place in the calendar and thematic plan of the preparatory group. By the age of 6–7 years, children already have a sufficient range of drawing techniques and have the skills to work with different materials and types of images. One of the topics for practicing these skills is the image of mushrooms and berries, as well as related objects. Let’s look at the methodological nuances of creating a lesson that will make it fun for children and make the teacher’s work easier.

Preparation

The result of achieving the set goals and objectives depends on how thoroughly the teacher prepares for the lesson - this is no secret. And taking into account all the subtleties of the preparatory process plays an important role in this process.

Materials

In the preparatory group, children are already familiar with the main types of drawing materials. That is, they can use

• pencils;
• gouache;
• watercolor;
• wax crayons;
• markers.

This is interesting. Many methodologists categorically deny the possibility of using felt-tip pens in drawing classes in kindergarten, since children cannot use them to convey shades and elementary shadows in an image.

The basis

As a basis for drawing you can use:

• paper of different thicknesses (colored or printer paper);
• cardboard (thick and thin).

The only condition is that the drawing format should not be larger than A4 if we are talking about individual work. For group assignments, you can use sheets of A3 and even A1 format.

This is interesting. Images on whatman paper are allowed if the teacher takes an active part in creating the overall composition of the work.

Techniques and techniques in the preparatory group

It is assumed that in the preparatory group children already speak a number of unconventional techniques performing a drawing (for example, blotography, when an outline is applied to random spots of paint, or palm painting, when various images are created based on the outline of the palms). However, classical techniques still remain a priority. Among them

• coloring picture templates;
• completing the composition on a ready-made background (for example, a forest background is complemented by a drawing of a hedgehog, squirrel, mushrooms, berries, etc.);
• sketching (this technique is actively mastered in the senior group and practiced in the preparatory group);
• tracing and coloring stencils (in the group the figures depicted are becoming more complex, animals appear with traced contours of fur, small objects in the composition, etc.);
• drawing from life (natural materials are used as nature - branches, stumps, acorns, chestnuts, etc.).

To depict mushrooms and berries, it will be important to use additional drawing, sketching and drawing from life.

Drawing techniques are determined by the fact that children already have clear ideas about the point-boundaries of the image, determined by the idea of ​​the drawing. Available for children 6–7 years old

• any form of painting (small, large details, as well as elementary shadows);
• drawing thin and wide lines in any direction;
• vertical position of the brush when drawing thin lines and inclined position of the brush for wide lines (when using paints);
• dipping, when a brush dipped in paint is applied to the paper with all its bristles to make a print;
• mixing a watercolor palette to obtain different shades;
• techniques for painting in different positions of the pencil in relation to the sheet.

In a lesson on mushrooms and berries, you can combine all these techniques, depending on what materials will be used.

Photo gallery of drawings made using non-traditional techniques

Using semolina dyed in different colors using watercolor or gouache, allows you to quickly fill an image with color. Drawing with cotton swabs is one of the types of blotography, when an object takes shape from a spot of paint. To create this drawing, the technique of imprinting paint from fingers was used.

How to personalize work?

The implementation of an individual approach is one of the main goals of the educational process in kindergarten. This is easier to do in drawing classes than in others, since the final product is a priori unique. And yet, the teacher can already achieve the goal at the stage of setting the task. To do this, an adult can give the following drawing options:

• present the composition in different time days (day, night, morning) or different times of the year, which implies the use of different colors;
• depict a picture from life in different approximations (for example, with close range if the baby has vision problems);
• add one element to a given composition at your discretion and prove the validity of this detail.

This is interesting. To individualize the drawing, you can invite kids to add elements of other types of visual activities, for example, appliqué from natural materials, fabric or voluminous plasticine parts.

Composition options

Drawing, as already mentioned, can be done individually and collectively. In the latter case, it is better if these are elements (for example, pine, squirrel, mushrooms, etc.) made on separate sheets and then placed against a general background. Alternatively, children can color individual blocks of the overall composition. As for the thematic variety of using images of mushrooms and berries as a task, this is traditionally an “autumn-winter” thematic block when kids study natural phenomena, animal life associated with seasonal changes. You can suggest the following ideas for wording the topic:

• “Supplies for a hedgehog”;
• "Rowan Branch";
• "Mushroom Glade";
• "Amanita";
• “Bullfinches on a rowan branch”;
• “Who hid there under the tree?”;
• “Gifts for a squirrel”, etc.

Motivation

The involvement of children in work depends on how much the teacher manages to interest them in the topic. To do this, you can use a whole arsenal of techniques, combining them depending on the topic and time frame of this stage of the lesson.

Songs

Musical accompaniment of classes allows not only to create a favorable atmosphere in children's team, but also present in an unobtrusive form necessary information, for example, about what edible mushrooms look like. Moreover, you can choose videos so that kids not only listen and sing along, but also perform certain rhythmic movements. In this case, motivation can be combined with physical education.

Video: Example of a video clip for children “Mushrooms and Berries”

Poems

Rhymed lines easily and accurately fit into children's memory, which is why in preschool education Learning poems by heart is almost the main method of consolidating acquired knowledge. For a drawing lesson, poems can be selected separately by type of mushrooms and berries, or in general about the gifts of autumn, for example.

• They walked along the path - they found Borovik. The boletus hid its head in the moss. We could pass it, it’s good that we walked quietly.
• Golden foxes - Curious sisters. They wear red berets, they bring autumn to the forest in summer.
• I walk through the forest, I look at the berries: There is a raspberry on the bush, There is a rowan on the tree, There is a strawberry in the grass, There is a blueberry under the mountain, Klyukovka is on a hummock... - The box is empty!
• - Autumn! Tell me quickly, have you saved anything for the animals? - I will give the bear and wood grouse a lot of berries. And cloudberries, and raspberries, and ruddy rowan. - And for the forest squirrel I have a different surprise: I will give the red-haired baby Acorns, mushrooms and pine cones.

Puzzles

This is a quick and very productive way to get children into the mood for work, since solving riddles does not require much time, and kids listen with pleasure and try to give an answer as quickly as possible.

• This fungus is the son of a birch tree. Whoever finds it, everyone puts it in a basket (Boletus).
• The mushroom is red - dangerous to health (Amanita).
• Yellow-red foxes - sisters call us (Little Chanterelles).
• Near the stumps and on the lawn We always walk in a flock. Very friendly guys, They call us... (honey mushrooms).

Fairy tales

One of the win-win options to get kids to work is fairy tales. As motivation for a drawing lesson on the topic of berries and mushrooms, you can suggest not just listening to ready-made stories, but coming up with your own (from 2-4 sentences) on a given topic. For example,

• Once upon a time there was Friendly family Have fun again. One day a misfortune happened: the little brother got sick, so much so that he turned green all over...
• A daughter was born to the mushroom king Boletus, and he threw a feast on this occasion. He invited distinguished guests: Borovik and Borovikha, Gruzdya and Volnushka and other mushroom inhabitants...
• Chanterelles grew up in a clearing, bright and orange, and the evil witch Toadstool White lived nearby...

Conversation and visibility

It’s hard to imagine drawing without pictures. Children should see different options for interpreting the image that they have to reproduce. That is, if we are talking about berries, the images should be made from different angles, always with enlargement (for example, individual rowan berries, and not just bunches). And, of course, looking at the pictures should take place during a conversation on the topic.

• How often do you go to the forest?
• What grows in the forest?
• Why are mushrooms and wild berries needed?
• What can you do with mushrooms or berries at home? etc.

Scheme for drawing up lesson notes

A detailed plan for working with children in a specific period of time is that part methodological work which determines the professionalism of the teacher. And you should start preparing your lesson by formulating your goals:

• teach children to depict mushrooms and berries on paper using different techniques;
• consolidate children’s knowledge about the structure of forest flora, shapes and colors of plants;
• train the skill of depicting several objects on one line;
• expand children’s understanding of natural phenomena;
• develop creative abilities;
• cultivate respect for the environment;
• instill a positive attitude towards creativity and communication with each other.

The tasks may be the following:

• consolidate knowledge about edible/poisonous mushrooms/berries;
• develop memory, cognitive sphere;
• automate the ability to distinguish mushrooms/berries from pictures or riddles/songs/poems;
• cultivate patience in work.

It is very important to observe the timing of each stage of work.

• Introductory part - 5 minutes (repetition of what we did last time, motivational techniques).
• The main stage of the work is 20 minutes (formulating the task, performing the work with the obligatory inclusion of physical education and finger gymnastics in the timing).
• Final stage - 5 minutes (drawing up a group composition or designing individual works at one stand, words of encouragement from the teacher and reflection from the child, for example, in the form of questions - Did you like the lesson? How? or What didn’t you like? Did you manage to draw everything you planned? How would you rate your picture? Which picture do you think is the most beautiful? Why? etc.).

Example of lesson notes

Vasilyeva Svetlana “V” autumn forest a lot of mushrooms". Open lesson on drawing in the senior group (teaching the “dipping” method)” (fragment)

Stages of working on a drawing

"Basket with mushrooms for a hedgehog"

To complete this drawing, you can use both watercolor and gouache. First, children make a pencil sketch of mushrooms, and then complete the drawing (without a pencil outline) of the basket.

Instructions:

1. “We draw with a pencil the ovals of the caps and legs of the mushrooms.”
2. “We paint them in yellow-beige-brown colors.”
3. “We use beige paint to make an oval into which we write mushrooms.”
4. “We finish drawing the basket, color it yellow.”
5. “We let the background dry for 1-2 minutes and apply a pattern of cells with brown paint.”
6. “We also use brown to imitate weaving on the handle of the basket.”

This is interesting. If there is no beige paint in the palette, then you can make it by mixing white with yellow, adding a little brown.

"Bunch of Rowan"

Instructions:

1. “Dip the brush into brown paint and paint a twig.”
2. “We apply thin short strokes like branches with green color.”
3. “We draw berries on each branch, making dots with orange or red paint.”
4. “Dip the brush into the green paint again and paint the branches for the leaves, making them thin but long.”
5. “Now we apply the leaves by applying the bristles of the brush in one direction to the long green branches.”

"Amanita"

This drawing can be an illustration for a poem or fairy tale you have listened to, and since it is done with felt-tip pens, it takes a little less time to create. That is why such pictures can be supplemented with accompanying elements (in this case, butterflies, clouds, etc.).

Instructions:

1. “We start by drawing the contours of the tree.”
2. “We show the branches and draw marks on the birch trunk.”
3. “Drawing the caps and legs of fly agaric mushrooms.”
4. “We color them, not forgetting to leave white spots.” You can use not only felt-tip pens for coloring, but also pencils.
5. “We draw butterflies. We draw an oval outline for the body, add wings in the form of the number 3, add a circle-head, and don’t forget about the antennae.”
6. "Coloring butterflies."
7. “We close the wavy lines into a shape similar to a circle - these are clouds.”
8. “Coloring the clouds, finishing the sun.”

Lesson topic: Berries.

Goal: learn about berries, compare raspberries and cloudberries;

Learn to work with text, write a brief summary;

Improve your skills in solving riddles;

Progress of the lesson:

1. Organizational moment (the sound of forest birds singing, the sound of the wind).

2. Updating knowledge. Definition of the topic.

Guess what it says:

Red beads hang

They are looking at us from the bushes.

Love these beads very much

Children, birds and bears.

Today we will talk about berries. Let's check how you know the names and characteristics of the berries. We go to the village “Zagadkino”.

You put a serial number on pieces of paper and write the answer. Let's identify a berry connoisseur.

1) Red and grainy,

Sweet and fragrant.

In the summer I'm glad to be fresh

Bear berry;

And dried for stock

It cures us from colds.

(raspberries)

2) I am a drop of summer

On a thin leg.

Weave for me

Bodies and baskets.

Who loves me,

He is happy to bow.

And she gave me a name

Native land.

(strawberry)

3) I'm red, I'm sour,

I grew up in a swamp

Ripened under the snow.

Come on, who knows me?

(cranberry)

4) What kind of bead is here?

Hanging from a pole?

If you look, your mouth will water,

And if you bite through it, it’s sour.

(cowberry)

5) Low and prickly,

Sweet, but not smelly.

You pick the berries -

You'll rip off your whole hand.

(gooseberry)

6) Two sisters are green in summer;

By autumn one turns red, the other turns black.

(red and black currants)

7) Balls are hanging on the knots -

Turned blue from the heat.

8) Put red porridge in your mouth,

From the mouth - a knuckle.

Let's check your answers. The winner was(are)…..

3. Work on the topic of the lesson.

Let's watch the presentation "Berries" and remember appearance some berries.

To work, we will divide into 4 groups. Each will receive their own envelope with the task.

Envelope No. 1. Write a short summary about raspberries.

Envelope No. 2. Write a short summary about cloudberries.

Envelope No. 3. Make a craft of berries from plasticine and find the place of growth on the map.

Envelope No. 4. Make a certificate about the berries from a medical point of view.

4. PHYSICAL MINUTE.

We just entered the forest,

Mosquitoes appeared.

Hands up, clap above your head,

And we meet a bear.

We put our hands on our heads

And we waddle.

Ahead from behind a bush

Looks sly Fox.

We'll outwit the fox

Let's run on our toes.

The bunny jumps quickly into the field,

It's a lot of fun in the wild.

We imitate the bunny

Fidgets are naughty girls.

But the game is over

And it's time for us to learn.

5. Continued work.

Guys, choose material from the article that you understand.

Raspberry fruit

Common raspberry is a deciduous subshrub with a perennial rhizome, from which biennial above-ground stems up to one and a half meters high develop.

The rhizome is sinuous, woody, with multiple adventitious roots, forming a powerful branched system. Stems are erect. The shoots of the first year are herbaceous, green with a bluish bloom, juicy, covered with thin, usually frequent miniature thorns. The leaves are oval, alternate, petiolate, compound, with 3-7 ovate leaflets, dark green above, whitish below, pubescent with small hairs. The flowers are white, about 1 cm in diameter, collected in small racemes, located on the tops of the stems or in the axils of the leaves. The petals are shorter than the calyx lobes. IN middle lane In Russia, raspberries bloom from June to July, sometimes until August. The fruits are small, hairy drupes fused on a receptacle to form a complex fruit. The fruits are usually red (from pink to deep burgundy), but there are varieties that are yellow and even black (blackberry-shaped). Fruits appear not only on the shoots of the second year. In the southern regions, fruits also appear on the shoots of the first year in mid-autumn. These shoots become woody and acquire Brown color, fruit-bearing branches with flower buds grow from the axils of the leaves. Immediately after fruiting, the side branches dry out, but new stems grow from the same root the next year. There are also remontant varieties of raspberries, adapted to the conditions of central Russia, capable of bearing fruit on the shoots of the first year.

Grows in clearings, forests, bushes, and river banks. Often grown in gardens. Russia is the leader in raspberry cultivation on the world market.

Meaning and Application

Raspberry fruits are consumed fresh or used to make jam, jelly, marmalade, and juices. In medicine, dried fruits are used as a diaphoretic, and syrup is used to improve the taste of potions. IN folk medicine The fruits and leaves are used for colds, flu, and as an antipyretic.

Cloudberry

(Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia)

Cloudberry

Flowering plant cloudberries in culture

“Cloudberry” is both the name of the plant and its fruit.

In ancient times it was called “swamp amber”, “swamp eyes”, “swamp guard”. In the north the name “ royal berry».

Folk names: moss currant, gloshina, northern orange, arctic raspberry.

Herbaceous or semi-shrub plant up to 30 cm high, with a creeping rhizome. Does not like rain and wind, especially frost.

The stems are thin, erect, with 2-3 leaves and one apical flower with white petals. Consequently, one berry is formed per stem. The leaves are rounded, kidney-shaped, five-lobed, irregularly crenate along the edge.

Flowers are unisexual, solitary, white. Staminate and pistillate flowers are on different plants, male flowers are somewhat larger. Flowers appear in June-July, and after 40-45 days the berries ripen.

The fruit is a clustered drupe with a diameter of 1.5 cm, its shape resembles raspberries, but has a special smell and taste, and is sweet; unripe berries are red, and ripe ones are orange color, almost transparent, reminiscent of pure bright amber. The berries change color three times. The yield of berries often reaches 1000 kg per 1 ha. The fruits are harvested in July-August, the roots are harvested in late autumn.

Cloudberries grow in the northern hemisphere in swamps and in the polar-arctic tundra. It is found in peat bogs, swampy forests, moss and shrub tundras in the arctic and northern forest zones of the northern hemisphere, in the central zone of the European part of Russia, Siberia, Far East, in Belarus. Sometimes cultivated. Cloudberries coexist with lingonberries, wild rosemary often grows nearby, and there is a lot of sphagnum moss. Such places are favorite pastures of white partridges and showing capercaillie.

Meaning and Application

Cloudberry is a source of useful, healing substances; Thus, cloudberries contain three times more vitamin C than oranges. Fruits with good taste are consumed in various forms (fresh, in the form of jam, juice, marmalade, jam, compote). It can be stored for a long time when soaked. Cloudberry flowers provide nectar and pollen to honey bees.

Cloudberry jam (Northern Russian cuisine)

Cloudberry is used in dietary and therapeutic nutrition, for the treatment of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases, burns and skin diseases, for heavy metal poisoning, as an antifever agent.

Cloudberry berries have antimicrobial, diaphoretic, antispasmodic effects. In terms of provitamin A content, cloudberries are superior to carrots. The berry is used as a thirst quencher, which is useful for colds. Cloudberries with honey can be given when feeding weakened patients. Cloudberries can enhance blood clotting and have a strengthening effect.

One of the common diseases of residents of polar countries is scurvy. The name of this disease among the Nenets - singa, sigga - was borrowed from the Russians, but methods of combating it were found long before the arrival of the Russians. Therefore, newcomers suffered more from scurvy until they borrowed from the Nenets, Khanty, and Pomors medicines, which included cloudberries. The Khanty and Nenets use cloudberry leaves as a dressing and hemostatic material. The Khanty apply cloudberry leaves, smeared with fish oil, to festering wounds to speed up their release from pus, changing them 2 times a day.

Let's check how the guys made models of berries from plasticine using photographs.

Show on the map where the berries grow.

Let's make a table comparing raspberries with cloudberries.

Cloudberry

Each berry is good and healthy in its own way.

What new things have you learned?

7. Homework.

Compose brief information about other berries. Draw or sculpt a plant model. Make a selection of songs or proverbs on the topic “Berry”.