Honey mushrooms are edible. The honey fungus is real and the honey fungus is false. What false honey mushrooms look like: photo and description

Kira Stoletova

Honey mushrooms belong to a group of difficult-to-recognize mushrooms. They include many varieties. Among them are edible and inedible species. Distinguish false honey mushrooms difficult, because each false honey fungus resembles a real Mushroom in appearance, size and habitat.

Kinds

Honey mushrooms are divided into several types: winter, spring, summer and autumn. Each has its own false subspecies.

Winter

The winter variety differs from other varieties in its harvest time. It begins in mid-autumn and can continue throughout the winter.

Winter ones (flumalina) grow on the stumps of birch and oak trees. They have a hemispherical, honey-yellow cap. In conditions of high humidity, the surface becomes slimy.

The flesh is cream colored. There are no scales or rings on the leg.

This species is tasty and valuable among consumers. In addition, it is suitable for cultivation at home.

Winter mushrooms grown at home are not inferior in taste to their forest counterparts and are absolutely safe.

Spring

One of the most popular species is the wood-loving collibia. Her cap is hygrophanic, creamy-brown, with a light edging. The mushroom grows in pine and spruce forests. The pulp tastes hard, so wood-loving collibia is not in demand among mushroom pickers.

Another popular variety is the white slimy mushroom. It grows on the bark of trees and on fallen trees. Its cap is snow-white and slimy in any weather. The variety contains a ring on a stalk and is completely covered with scales.

Spring varieties are not large nutritional value, so they are rarely used in cooking.

Summer

Summer honey mushrooms bear fruit from May to early September. The mushrooms are edible, hemispherical, light and dark brown in color with a watery surface. The leg is dense and hard, its length is 3-7 cm, the color is yellow-brown with a pronounced white belt in the middle.

These mushrooms grow on trees, soil, and stumps. They have excellent taste and aroma and are widely used in cooking. Disadvantage - they have many false representatives.

Autumn

False autumn mushrooms differ from previously described species in their larger dimensions. IN mature age the caps reach about 11 cm in diameter. Surface color is gray-yellow, light brown. The stalk contains a pronounced ring. Young mushrooms have a scaly surface. As it grows it becomes smooth.

Autumn mushrooms are overgrown with white spores, so the surface of the cap of overripe specimens often looks moldy. As the plates grow, they change color from light yellow to light brown. Real autumn mushrooms taste good.

You can recognize autumn mushrooms from others by their light glow at night.

Autumn stumps grow near log houses of pines, spruces, birches, along the diameter of aspen and oak stumps. You can also find them on the trunks of bushes, trees, and even next to herbaceous plants. The autumn ones have 2 false twins, which are very similar in appearance and smell.

False species

This group includes both edible and poisonous species. When collecting them, you should be especially careful and attentive.

Seroplate

This false honey fungus of the Hyfoloma genus resembles a summer edible mushroom. The cap is also hygrophanic and tends to change color from light yellow to dark rusty (brown). The border is light brown. In a humid environment, the surface of the hat is slippery and slightly sticky.

Unlike edible mushrooms, the gray-plated honey fungus does not contain scales or rings on the stalk.

According to the description, the variety changes the color of the plates with age from pale yellow to light gray. Mass appearance begins in mid-summer, so it is difficult to confuse it with edible honey mushroom.

The gray plate fungus likes to grow on rotten rhizomes, litter, stumps, and pine deadwood. It is rarely found in birch or oak groves.

Sulfur yellow

You can find the sulfur-yellow mushroom in pine felling areas and rotting parts of deciduous trees. The mass harvest begins in the spring, at the same time as the summer harvest.

Sulfur-yellow false mushrooms, just like summer ones, grow in clusters and have round hats. Their color is more saturated: bright yellow or olive. Over time, the shelter turns into rags (web fringe), which hang along the edge of the caps.

Real sulfur-yellow individuals can be identified by the following characteristics:

• absence of rings and scales on the knife;
• plates are pale yellow color in young mushrooms, in adults - violet-purple;
• The pulp is yellow, thins out the bad aroma, and is bitter.

The sulfur-yellow mushroom is slightly poisonous and tasteless, so it is avoided during collection.

False foam of Kandolla

Previously, Candoll's false honey fungus was poisonous; now it is classified as edible, but not particularly tasty. This false scent grows on stumps and wood deciduous plants. He prefers shaded places. The fruiting period is long - from May to October.

There are some differences that help you recognize this species:

• on the edge of the cap there are remnants of the cover, resembling a transparent film or flakes;
• with age, the snow-white hat becomes yellow-brown;
• the old specimen becomes brittle and its hat becomes prostrate;
• Candoll's stalk is not ringed;
• The color of the plates in young specimens is light gray; in adults they become dark brown.

Although the mushroom belongs to the group of false mushrooms, it is not dangerous to humans. It is rare.

Galerina bordered

Galerina fringed - poisonous false honey fungus forest mushroom. These false hens look the same as summer species. The cap is hygrophanous, reddish in color. Young specimens have bedspreads, while adults have a skirt with a leg. With such similarities, it is difficult to distinguish the edible from the false species.

The only difference is the size, which is smaller than the edible species. The caps are 3-4 cm in diameter and are formed on a small stalk about 4-5 cm high.

False honey mushrooms grow in small clusters throughout the summer and until mid-autumn. They are met at pine forest or in a birch grove on rotten wood. The leg just below the ring has a fibrous structure.

When eating even a small piece there is high risk get poisoned. The pulp contains the same toxic substances (amatoxins) as the toadstool. To eliminate the risk of collection poisonous mushrooms, mushroom pickers advise collecting summer honey mushrooms only on trunks and stumps of deciduous trees (birch, oak, etc.).

Thick-legged

Thick-legged mushroom - false double, which has the greatest resemblance to the autumn honey mushroom. The fruiting period occurs in August-October. The thick-legged one has the same ring and scales on the leg. The color of the hats is pastel.

According to the description, this species has 2 differences: the growing environment and the frequency of fruiting. False mushrooms They grow mainly on coniferous litter and bear fruit constantly. At the same time, autumn mushrooms grow on stumps in birch and oak groves, and they bear fruit in waves.

Thicklegs grow in small groups and do not form mass accretion, like autumn ones. The legs are tuber-shaped.

These are normal edible mushrooms. But because of the tough and not very tasty legs, only the caps are used in cooking.

Scaly

The mushroom got its name due to the large, numerous scales on the surface of the cap and stem. This is the main difference between the autumn mushroom and the scaly mushroom.

Main features:

• Large hat. In adults, its diameter reaches 11-13 cm.
• The leg is thin and contains a ring, which is also characteristic of autumn mushrooms.
• The growing environment is stumps, as well as rotten dead trees and deciduous trees.

Another difference is excessive density and rigidity, which is not typical for autumn mushroom. This species is edible. It is boiled and then pickled.

Grown in Japan special kind- royal (golden scales). It differs from the ordinary one by its pimpled surface and the reddish color of the cap. It is grown on stumps and logs and is readily used in cooking.

Ryadovka

The second name of Ryadovka is yellow-red honey fungus. It is found mainly among pines and spruces: on fallen trees or stumps. Fruits from late summer to mid-autumn. Grows in one place 4-5 pieces.

The row produces an impressive effect with a flashy color: yellow-red or yellow-orange, which is its main difference from the autumn look.

The diameter of its cap is no more than 7 cm. There is no ring on the stem.

Due to the bitter taste and hard pulp, mushroom pickers try not to collect this type plants.

Red brick

It is possible to meet the brick-red mushroom in deciduous groves (on stumps and dead trees), less often in a pine forest. In appearance and color it resembles summer species. The cap has a smooth, scaleless surface and a brick-red color. Brick red mushrooms are distinguished from real mushrooms by the absence of a ring on the stem and the presence of remnants of a cover on the cap.

Fruiting occurs at the end of summer and lasts until mid-autumn. The diameter of the cap reaches 12 cm.

Brick red honey fungus is poisonous. If you eat it, the consequences will be serious. Symptoms of poisoning first appear: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, pale skin. Then comes paralysis of the central nervous system and oxygen starvation of the brain. The result is death. If discovered, such false herbs should be destroyed.

Garlic

The second name for garlic is oak, or common false honey. False spadeworts grow everywhere: in both deciduous and coniferous forests. Found on litter, near stumps. Fruiting occurs at the end of summer and lasts until mid-autumn.

The diameter of the cap is no more than 5 cm, the color varies from pale white to light brown. In adult specimens, the caps are spread out, the legs are thin, sometimes twisted, hard, light or dark brown in color.

Garlic does not have rings or scales, like a real mushroom, but it is tasty and edible. It is eaten raw, pickled and boiled.

Forest spadefoots are identified by certain characteristics:

• presence of garlic aroma;
• lack of a skirt on the leg;
• plates of peach or snow-white color.

Lugovik

Unlike other false honey mushrooms, the meadow or field honey fungus grows on the edges, meadows, pastures, and fields. It can even be found in the garden and vegetable garden.

The abundantly fruiting meadow has a long fruiting period: from late summer to mid-autumn. Field mushrooms are small in size: up to 5 cm wide and the same height.

The cap is hygrophanous, red in color, the edging is a shade lighter. The mushroom is edible and has a good aroma and taste. Feature- the absence of a skirt on the leg and the presence of wavy plates under the cap.

Conclusion

There are many false species of honey mushrooms. Some of them are edible, others are poisonous. When going to the forest to pick mushrooms, be sure to study the information that will help you distinguish edible species from toadstools and avoid poisoning.

In addition to those types of edible mushrooms that are used in cooking, there are several specific options that are dangerous to humans. Outwardly, they are very similar to each other; they also grow on stumps and fallen trees. Their most important difference is that false mushrooms are poisonous, inedible (or, in extreme cases, conditionally edible). Only experts can accurately determine where false honey mushrooms and edible honey mushrooms are. But if you know their characteristics, an ordinary amateur mushroom picker will be able to distinguish a toadstool from a good mushroom.

It is important to remember the rule here: “If you’re not sure, it’s better not to take it!” You can only collect those mushrooms - edible honey mushrooms - that you are one hundred percent sure of. It is better to leave copies that do not inspire confidence where they were found. Even poisonous mushrooms must grow and multiply so as not to upset the balance, but you should not pick them and then throw them away.

What do they look like and where do they grow?

A specialist knows how to distinguish false honey mushrooms from real ones, although it is not at all difficult. The edible mushroom has a characteristic length and a fairly flexible stalk. It can reach 15 – 17 cm and has a honey or dark brown color. It depends on the age of the mushroom and where it grows. Edible honey mushrooms - although not all of them - have something like a skirt on the stem; this ring is usually located just above the middle. As for the cap itself, it may differ depending on the age of the plant.

In young mushrooms, the cap is hemispherical in shape and covered with small scales; as it grows, it becomes smoother, taking on the appearance of an umbrella. The color may vary slightly and can be a light cream shade or even reddish.

Even a child probably knows where to find it and what it looks like, because the name speaks for itself. Mushrooms grow primarily on damaged or weakened trees, stumps and protruding roots. Already rotted and dead trees are also a favorable environment. Eat separate species spruce trees, which grow exclusively on pine stumps.

There is one species - this is the meadow honey fungus - which, unlike the others, grows in open areas in the soil. It can be found in meadows, fields, and roadsides.

They grow in any forests, with the exception of areas permafrost. Has a beneficial effect on the population high humidity, but meadow mushrooms are often found in damp ravines. Mushrooms rarely grow alone, in most cases it is large families, clusters in one place. They can stretch in a chain up to several meters, especially under the bark of plants damaged by time. But autumn honey fungus is generally classified as a pest: they spoil the tree, creating favorable living conditions for themselves.

Beneficial features

Thanks to the characteristic germination in large areas at a time, you can collect a whole basket of tasty and healthy mushrooms. Yes, healthy ones, and, in addition, also low-calorie.

Honey mushrooms, like most other edible mushrooms, contain a large number of various substances necessary for the body:

• phosphorus;
• potassium;
• magnesium;
• calcium;
• iron;
• zinc;
• cellulose;
• amino acids;
• polysaccharides.

In addition, this variety is rich in vitamins B, C, PP and E, and also has such an amount of protein that it easily replaces meat. That's why this product It can be eaten by those who take care of their figure, as well as by those who do not eat meat.

In terms of phosphorus content, hemp mushrooms are not inferior to river and other types of fish. They are eaten to strengthen bones and as a preventive measure for disorders in the bone structure. Due to the content of important microelements (magnesium and copper, as well as iron), mushrooms have a positive effect on hematopoietic processes. For those suffering from anemia, these forest gifts are not easy tasty food, and one of the best means to raise hemoglobin.

Few people know that there are actually a lot of types of honey mushrooms, and each has its own composition. Some varieties have more of some vitamins, others have more calcium or potassium. Some varieties are so rich in retinol that they significantly improve the quality and strength of hair, while others strengthen the immune system and correct hormonal levels.

Constant consumption of honey mushrooms has an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect on the body. They can prevent cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

Differences between false honey mushrooms and real ones

The first most important feature by which poisonous specimens are distinguished is the well-known skirt. It remains after the mushroom germinates from under the protective blanket. False honey fungus does not have such a film, but it happens that over time the skirt disappears on edible mushrooms: it falls off and it becomes very easy to confuse the mushrooms.

Dangerous to humans and healthy mushrooms They also differ in smell, such mushrooms look different, they can also be distinguished by color and taste.

Aroma

Edible honey mushrooms produce oils that give a pleasant mushroom smell. Poisonous and false honey mushrooms have a very unpleasant and more earthy aroma. This smell is especially noticeable after heat treatment of mushrooms. But the autumn honey fungus emits a rich odor during the breeding season and in the rain.

Color

Smell poisonous species repels, but the color, on the contrary, attracts. Mushroom caps have a richer, brighter color. Good autumn mushrooms have a pale or creamy tint, sometimes darker, closer to brown. But false honey mushrooms, unlike edible ones, can be gray-yellow or an attractive brick red color. But it is also important to pay attention to the shade of the plates under the mushroom cap. In false ones they are yellow, in older but edible ones they can be green or even black. Only healthy honey mushrooms have cream or beige plates.

Appearance

Those mushrooms described earlier can be eaten without fear. Their caps are covered with small, barely noticeable scales. In false species it is smooth. But over time, even the scales of edible mushrooms smooth out, so that only young plants can be recognized by this feature.

Taste

Of course, you shouldn’t try every plant in a row to determine whether they can be eaten. However, false honey mushrooms have a bitter, unpleasant aftertaste, which cannot be said about healthy, edible varieties, for example, autumn honey mushroom.

For a person who regularly collects mushrooms, likes to cook them, or simply understands the gifts of the forest, it will not be difficult to distinguish poisonous or false mushrooms from edible mushrooms. Among the safe mushrooms is the autumn honey fungus, which grows on trees and destroys them. In dry weather, it can be confused with any mushroom, but in the rainy season, bunches appear characteristic features. So, even knowing what edible honey mushrooms look like, you can make a mistake.

Instead of tasting dubious sprouts, it is better to pay attention to the skirt and, even if it is no longer there, after looking closely, you can identify it by neighboring specimens, because they grow in groups and are different at different times shoot.
Experience comes with time, practice and years, and until there is confidence in the safety of the collected mushrooms, it is better not to risk either your own or the health of loved ones.

How to recognize edible mushrooms and what types of mushrooms exist.

Edible and inedible honey mushrooms - how not to make a mistake, what places they “prefer to live” and how to grow a crop of mushrooms on summer cottage? Read about this in the article.

Varieties of edible mushrooms: description, photo, when they appear, on which stumps they grow

The name of the mushrooms “honey mushrooms” translated from Latin means “bracelet”. Colonies of forest inhabitants really resemble decorations on old wood due to their peculiar form of growth.

• In the baskets of mushroom pickers who go quiet hunting in the forests middle zone In Russia, honey mushrooms are often found. Mushroom pickers love them because mushrooms can be used to diversify the summer menu: honey mushrooms are one of the ingredients in soups, they are salted, dried mushrooms are prepared for the winter, and fried.
• You can find a bunch of honey mushrooms in the summer on stumps, in damp places in the forest. Mushrooms grow on the bark of trees. Mushrooms like deciduous and coniferous trees. Fungus spores can also be found in dead woods - areas of the forest that are difficult for humans to reach.
• The thickets of mushrooms will provide the hunter for the forest delicacy with a hearty meal, because mushrooms grow in colonies. One expanded family of honey mushrooms can replenish an amateur’s supplies quiet hunt for 10 kg of product, and in a week a new crop of mushrooms will grow in the same place. You can collect honey mushrooms before winter.
• Since the stems have no nutritional value, only the caps are cut off when harvesting. To prevent the dish from becoming bitter, the honey mushrooms are lightly boiled beforehand.

You can find a bunch of honey mushrooms in the summer on stumps, in damp places in the forest

How not to confuse summer honey mushrooms with poisonous mushrooms and protect your family from health problems? After all, not everyone has great experience hunting for honey mushrooms.

Summer honey mushrooms, which can be used to diversify the menu without fear:

• thin-walled yellowish-brown cap (on initial stage As it grows, its outer edges may curl inward)
• caps grow up to 8 cm in diameter
• underneath the cap you can see a cobwebby cover
• The cap of a young honey mushroom is not flat on top, but has a convexity in the center (than older mushroom, the smaller the convexity)
• the surface of the cap is covered with water circles
• if you turn over the cap of an edible honey mushroom, you can see white or rusty-brown plates
• the older the mushroom, the darker and more contrasting the shade of the plates appears (the intensity of the color depends on the degree of maturation of the spore powder inside the plates, which is red-brown in its mature state)
• The length of the mushroom stem can be 8 cm, but the diameter is invariably thin - up to 0.5 cm
• the leg is brown, the ring on it is also brown
• scales are located under the ring

What is the difference between good mushrooms and their inedible counterparts?

• In order not to worry and risk your well-being, you need to know the signs of honey mushrooms that are not suitable for consumption. After all, their poisonous counterparts have excellent camouflage.
  For example, while hunting for mushrooms, you may encounter sulfur-yellow false honey fungus. The body of the mushroom is bright yellow and without scales.
• The plates inside the cap of the sulphuroplasty change from whitish to bluish-gray at a young age. This is not typical for edible honey mushroom. The mushroom is not included in the group of poisonous species, but it should be boiled first.

The mushroom family includes the following mushrooms:

• gray
• pine honey mushrooms
• red honey mushrooms
• dark honey mushrooms
• honey mushrooms with pimples
• meadow
• Assumption
• Chinese
• winter
• autumn
• summer
• spring honey mushrooms
• thick-legged honey mushrooms
• mucous mushrooms
• honey mushroom

Honey fungus thick-legged
Honey fungus brick-red

Common name“honey mushrooms” we call different families and genera of mushrooms, of which there are 34 species. Of these, only 22 species have been classified. Some of the representatives of these mushrooms “settle” in open areas, in the grass, confusing inexperienced mushroom pickers.

Since edible representatives of honey mushrooms are of interest, there is more information about them.

Let's look at the most common forms:

• A representative of this species takes root on deciduous trees with damage. Honey mushroom colonies grow on dead parts of wood, choosing willow or poplar for colonization. You can find these mushrooms on the banks of a stream, in the garden. The forest inhabitants also inhabit the city park.
• A good harvest can be harvested in the fall. Sometimes winter honey fungus adapts to germinate under the snow. The mushroom cap, 10 cm in diameter, is flat yellow or orange-brown. Young mushrooms have a flat cap, the edges are lighter in color and the middle is darker.

Autumn honey fungus mushroom

• Many types of trees are suitable for the germination of spores of this honey mushroom. there are about 200 of them. Sometimes the fungus even sprouts on potatoes. At night you can watch an interesting sight: due to the fact that a large “mushroom family” is often located on tree stumps, they are beautifully illuminated.
• Ideal conditions for the growth of the fungus in damp forests are birch and aspen stumps, dead elm and alder wood.
• Mushrooms can be collected from last month summer and until the cold winter months, unless the air temperature drops below 10 degrees. Autumn honey fungus has an impressive size compared to its brothers.
• The diameter of the cap is 17 cm, and the legs are 10 cm. The cap is greenish-olive or dark brown. Wavy edges can be observed in adult members of the fungal family. The surface of an immature mushroom is covered with scales. But there are very few of them. As the fungus grows, these scales disappear.

• Most often, summer honey fungus ends up in the basket. They begin to collect it from the end of March. You can bring home the harvest of these mushrooms until the last winter month.
• Summer honey mushroom grows in the forests. A dense family grows on rotten stumps. Trees with obvious damage are suitable for fungal growth.
• The dimensions of the summer honey mushroom are more modest: the cap is 6 cm in diameter, the leg is 7 cm.
• Adult mushrooms are distinguished by the presence of a wide tubercle on the surface of the cap. The caps of honey mushrooms growing in damp areas are brown and translucent. Mushrooms growing in a dry place have honey-yellow, matte caps. There are grooves along the edges of the caps. Mushrooms can produce crops all year round.

Video: Summer honey fungus (Kuehneromyces mutabilis)

Specifics of preparing honey mushrooms

• Before cooking, mushrooms should be pre-boiled. Cooking, the duration of which can vary from 30 minutes to an hour, will eliminate the inherent toxicity of honey mushrooms.
• Cooking time is determined by the size of the fruiting bodies of the mushrooms.
• How larger mushrooms, the longer the heat treatment lasts.

How to properly pre-boil mushrooms:

• the mushrooms are placed on the fire and when the water boils, it needs to be drained
• then you need to cook in a new portion of previously boiled water

Video: How do honey mushrooms differ from each other? Comparison with each other

False honey mushrooms: description, photo

You can mistake its double for a good mushroom. These are the so-called false mushrooms.

You can mistake its double for a good mushroom

Signs of inedible honey fungus:

• the cap is bright in color (a good mushroom has a cap of a muted shade and has scales on it in young mushrooms)
• the plates of the bad mushroom are yellow, greenish, olive-black
• the double of the edible honey mushroom has only the remains of a ring on the stem

Video: inedible mushrooms - gray-yellow false honey fungus

• The brick-red false honey fungus is especially dangerous. It can be found on dead wood, on a rotten stump, and can also grow on flat terrain. The mushroom has a spherical cap, by which it is easy to “calculate” during mushroom harvesting. The cap has flakes hanging down the edges. The mushroom has no smell.
• All false honey mushrooms differ in the shades of the internal plates located under the cap. They can range from dark to sulfur-yellow or black-olive. Records good mushrooms cream color. False honey mushrooms grow in large groups.

How to identify and distinguish edible honey mushrooms from false ones?

• A bad honey mushroom, unlike a good mushroom, does not have a ring - a plate-shaped skirt, which is located under the cap. You can see the remains of a bedspread on the leg.
• If the mushroom is in doubt, it is better to throw it away immediately. Send mushrooms to the basket only if you are sure that they are edible, and if you have doubts or find one of the signs of a poisonous mushroom, then give up the idea of ​​adding it to your “mushroom catch”.

What other differences exist:

• a good mushroom has a pleasant mushroom aroma, while a false one exudes an unpleasant earthy odor or no odor at all
• the cap of a bad mushroom is brightly and loudly colored, the cap of a good mushroom is an unsightly light brown color
• the caps of good mushrooms have small scales, while poisonous mushrooms have a smooth cap (however, the scales disappear over time and the caps of edible mushrooms also become smooth)
• turning over the cap of an inedible mushroom, you can see that its plates are yellow if the mushroom is young, or greenish, olive-black if the mushroom is old (the plates of good mushrooms are cream-colored or yellowish-white)
• false honey mushrooms with a bitter aftertaste, but don’t start evaluating taste qualities a mushroom that you doubt (other, more obvious signs are sufficient)

For an experienced mushroom picker, it will not be difficult to distinguish a good mushroom from a bad one. But if you are a beginner mushroom picker, then it is better to look for a skirt on the stem of the mushroom.

How can you tell the difference between edible mushrooms and toadstools?

• The white and greenish tint of the body of the mushroom is the main sign of toadstool. The appearance of a forest dweller may well correspond to the description of an edible mushroom. An experienced mushroom picker will immediately recognize such a disguise.
• Throw an onion into the container in which the mushrooms are cooked. If it quickly turns blue, then all forest prey is not suitable for food.
• A mushroom with an olive or pearlescent tint may be poisonous. It’s better not to take risks and immediately abandon the intention of replenishing your catch in the basket.

Can there be honey mushroom poisoning, and what are the symptoms?

• Poisonings occur mainly due to ignorance of the species of forest guests or due to improper preparation of edible mushrooms. The degree of intoxication depends on what mushrooms were eaten.
• Those who independently collect mushrooms and prepare them need to know how to identify poisoning and what medical care should be provided to the victim.

Mushrooms are divided into several groups:

• Edible: these mushrooms can be eaten without prior boiling (champignons)
  partially safe mushrooms require special processing before preparing for hatching toxic substances: soaking, boiling, drying, additional boiling (if this step is ignored, then poisoning cannot be avoided) (false honey mushrooms)
• Inedible mushrooms may be poisonous or have an unpleasant taste or odor (gall mushroom)

False mushrooms contain a white liquid in their pulp. It's called burning juice. In addition, the bad mushroom differs from the edible honey mushroom with a brighter cap orange color and thinner hemp.

Video: How to recognize mushroom poisoning?

Signs of poisoning:

• intoxication appears within 1 hour or within 6 hours
• malaise reminds food poisoning: a person begins to feel unwell, he develops nausea, vomiting, diarrhea may begin
• possible unpleasant or painful sensations in the abdomen
• if the poisoning is mild, then after a few days recovery occurs

Death does not occur from poisoning with false honey mushrooms, but it is possible serious problems due to dehydration, gastroenteritis.

Intoxication appears within 1 hour or within 6 hours

• If signs of poisoning are detected, you should not hesitate to call an ambulance. After all, it is necessary to avoid the penetration of harmful toxic substances into the blood.
• After the milky juice of the mushrooms enters the liver, the patient’s condition worsens.

Video: Mushroom poisoning! Symptoms and first aid!

First aid is as follows:

• it is necessary to avoid dehydration and help get rid of symptoms of poisoning
  should induce vomiting after drinking large quantities of warm boiled water and pressing on the root of the tongue
• It is also necessary to rinse the stomach for those who have eaten the same mushrooms, but there are no signs of poisoning until the symptoms become noticeable
• Dehydration can be detected by a change in the color of the urine, which becomes darker, and by fewer or no trips to the toilet.
• the patient should be provided with plenty of fluids, preferably water
• if diarrhea or vomiting has already begun, then sports drinks (not energy drinks) will help.
• the patient can eat vegetables, chicken broths, which will provide the necessary replenishment of water and nutrients
• Do not drink anti-diarrhea medications (diarrhea removes toxins from the body)
• it is better for the patient to reduce physical activity, sleep more so that the body recovers faster

Remember that first aid cannot replace treatment. If you have dehydration that you cannot cope with on your own, you should consult a doctor.

Video: ALL ABOUT MUSHROOMS POISONING

When do autumn, winter, spring and summer honey mushrooms appear and how long do they grow in the forest?

See the picture below for the collection calendar. different mushrooms by month.

How to grow honey mushrooms in the country?

• Contrary to popular belief that honey mushrooms germinate better in the forest, growing them in the country is not a fantastic idea.
• From fertile soil brought to the site, humus obtained somewhere in the forest, mushroom spores fall into the ground. However, annual digging of the site disturbs the mycelium and it eventually dies without having time to germinate.

How to get a harvest of mushrooms in the country?

• select an area for mushrooms (moist, with shade)
• prepare mushroom mycelium (in our case, honey mushrooms) and “settle” the mushrooms on the future mushroom plantation.

First stage: site preparation:

• For honey mushrooms to germinate, a stump is needed, so we stock up on old, rotten birch wood ( suitable trees: beech, hornbeam, alder, aspen, oak)
• choose wood (stump length - 20-30 cm) with chips and crevices to facilitate the process of rooting spores on the stump
• if there are no chips, then we make longitudinal notches using an ax
• immerse the selected hemp in water for 1-2 hours
• we dig in the stumps on the future mushroom plantation (entirely or only part of the stump, bury the wood vertically or lying on its side)

Preparing mycelium:

• We find overgrown mushrooms in the forest, which have large and wet caps
• immerse mushrooms in soft ground water
• leave for a couple of hours
• mix the mixture well
• stumps and logs buried in the area are treated with a liquid containing fungal mycelium
• We don’t throw away the caps, but place them on top of the treated areas of wood
• cover the caps with a piece of hemp (you can use moss from the forest or rotted sawdust for this)
• when it’s hot outside, we moisten the area so that it always remains damp
• We are waiting for the first harvest. Usually, mushrooms can be collected from a prepared plot only 2-3 years after planting.

Video: Garden head - How to grow mushrooms in your summer cottage

Also look at the edible honey mushrooms in the photo very carefully, because in field conditions there will be nothing to compare the found instances with:

Honey mushrooms in the photo

Honey mushrooms in the photo

Yellow-red edible honey mushrooms in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Yellow-red varieties of edible honey mushrooms are decorated with velvety caps 5-15 cm in diameter, in young specimens they are hemispherical, later convex, fleshy, covered with red scales at a young age, completely red, later yellow spots appear on the edge of the cap and where the light did not reach due to a fallen leaf or twig. The caps are dry, not slimy. The plates are often yellow or golden yellow. The leg is cylindrical, 6-15 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, yellow-red, velvety.

The description of edible honey mushrooms can be continued by saying that they grow in mixed and coniferous forests on stumps, trunks and roots coniferous trees, on the roots of dry pine trees.

Fruits from July to October.

Poisonous double of honey mushroom yellow-red - sulfur-yellow row (Tricholoba sulphureum) easily distinguished by the color of the fruiting body and the unpleasant acetylene smell of the pulp.

The mushroom is a little bitter. Some experts advise pre-boiling it before cooking.

Seasonal types of honey mushrooms: photos and descriptions

Look at the seasonal types of honey mushrooms in the photo, which shows summer, autumn, and winter honey mushrooms:

Summer honey mushrooms
Summer honey mushrooms

Autumn honey mushrooms
Autumn honey mushrooms

These types of honey mushrooms are very common, but only at certain times of the year. This is where their names come from.

Seasonal honey mushrooms, their types and descriptions are presented further on the page; you can see them in the photo:

Winter honey fungus
Winter honey fungus

Winter honey fungus
Winter honey fungus

Winter honey fungus in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Caps 2-8 cm, young ones - bell-shaped or convex, then prostrate, sticky, yellow-ocher or rusty-brown, with frequent white-ocher or white plates below. The legs are thin, velvety, without a ring, at first the color of the cap, not very hard, then they become dark brown or almost black and hard. Main hallmark winter honey fungus- hard velvety leg. The intergrowths of its fruiting bodies look like fiery spots against the background of snow. The mushroom has adapted to bear fruit during thaws in winter. You can observe under a microscope how, when the temperature rises above zero, the cells of its mycelium that burst during freezing grow together.

It grows on dead and living tree trunks, as well as on the stumps of willow, poplar, birch and linden. Sometimes it can be found on coniferous trees.

Fruits from September to December. Sometimes it grows in spring.

It has no poisonous counterparts.

Soups are made from winter honey fungus, hot salted, and pickled in jars.

Summer honey fungus in the photo

Summer honey fungus in the photo

The mushroom is edible. The caps are 3-8 cm, initially hemispherical, closed, then almost open, smooth from yellow to yellow-brown with a darker edge. The plates are pale clay-yellow, turning rusty-brown with age; in young mushrooms they are covered with a white or yellow film. The leg is hard, dense yellow-brown, 3-8 cm long, 6-12 mm thick with a whitish ring, covered below the ring with loose scales. The spore powder is rusty brown.

It grows on dead tree trunks, on stumps, and sometimes on soil rich in woody debris. The sprouts contain a large number of mushrooms.

The summer honey fungus appears in June, sometimes even in May, and bears fruit until September.

The summer honey fungus resembles a poisonous mushroom - Galerina marginata. Its concretions and mushrooms are much smaller, the ring is not obvious, but barely noticeable, the scales on the stalk are white and pressed.

Only the caps are used in preparations and dishes; the legs of old honey mushrooms are thrown away or left in the forest when collected.

Autumn honey fungus in the photo

Autumn honey fungus in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Beautiful, rather fleshy caps 3-10 cm, initially hemispherical, then convex, matte due to small scales, yellow-cream, ocher-brown. At first the plates are yellowish-white, hidden under a blanket. Then the plates become ocher or brown. The legs are 5-10 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, with the remains of a blanket in the form of a white ring under the cap. The flesh in the cap is whitish with a pleasant smell.

In a birch forest, the autumn honey fungus covers a vast territory. The mycelium develops in stumps and weakened trees, uniting with the help of strands up to 3 mm in diameter into a single organism.

They grow in large clusters from August to November.

Big harvest happens once every three years.

Autumn honey fungus can be confused with the inedible red brick honey fungus (Hypholoma sublateritium), which is distinguished by later fruiting on the same stumps and bitterish pulp.

Autumn honey fungus is edible after heat treatment or drying. Poisonous when cold pickling.

Meadow mushrooms in the photo

Meadow mushrooms in the photo

Meadow honey mushrooms are edible species used in cooking in boiled and canned form.

Look at these types of honey mushrooms in the photo and in the description, which will allow you to distinguish the meadow honey mushroom from inedible mushrooms:

Meadow mushrooms
Meadow mushrooms

The caps are 3-5 cm, at first hemispherical, convex, then open with a blunt hump, smooth, light ocher, sometimes light flesh-red. The plates are sparse, adherent in young mushrooms, later free, ocher in wet weather, creamy-whitish in dry weather. The mushroom cap does not age; it droops in dry weather; when it rains, it regains its elasticity and rises on its stem. This causes the edge of the cap to crumble in old mushrooms, and the tips of the plates are visible from above. The leg is 3-10 cm high, thin-velvety light ocher, the lower part is ocher. The pulp is whitish and sweetish with a faint sweetish aftertaste of cloves. The smell is pleasant. Spore powder is white.

It grows in the grass in clearings in the forest, on the lawn. Forms “witch circles”.

Honey fungus bears fruit from June to October. In dry weather, the mushroom is not visible in the grass.

The honey fungus has no poisonous counterparts.

Other types of edible honey mushrooms: what they look like, photos

We invite you to look at other types of edible honey mushrooms in the photo, which illustrate appearance bulbous and dark honey fungus:

Bulbous honey fungus

It is necessary to know what edible honey mushrooms look like, since most of the presented species have false poisonous counterparts.

Bulbous honey fungus in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Beautiful, rather fleshy caps 3-10 cm. At first hemispherical, then convex, matte due to small scales, yellow-brown, sometimes with a fleshy-red tint. At first the plates are yellowish-white, hidden under a blanket. Then the plates become ocher or brown. The cap-colored legs are 5-10 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, with remnants of a blanket in the form of a white ring under the cap, with a bulbous thickening at the bottom. The flesh in the cap is whitish with a pleasant smell.

It grows mainly in birch forests, sometimes in orchards and coniferous forests. It is found on old stumps, on the roots of stumps and trees so that it seems to grow on the ground.

Found from August to October in clumps or single mushrooms.

The bulbous honey fungus can be confused with the inedible red brick honey fungus (Hypholoma sublateritium), which is distinguished by later fruiting on the same stumps and bitterish pulp.

The bulbous honey fungus is edible after heat treatment or drying.

Poisonous when cold salted!

Dark honey fungus in the photo

Dark honey fungus in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Beautiful, rather fleshy caps 3-10 cm, initially hemispherical, then convex, matte due to dark scales, ocher-brown. At first the plates are yellowish-white, hidden under a blanket. Then the plates become ocher or brown. The legs are 5-10 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, with the remains of a cover in the form of a ring with a brown edge under the cap. The flesh in the cap is whitish with a pleasant smell.

IN coniferous forest The dark honey fungus covers a vast territory. A mycelium covering an area of ​​35 hectares was found in Swiss forests.

They grow in large clusters from August to November. A large harvest occurs once every three years.

Dark honey fungus can be confused with the inedible red brick honey fungus (Hypholoma sublateritium), which is distinguished by later fruiting on the same stumps and bitterish pulp.

Dark honey fungus is edible after heat treatment or drying.

Poisonous when cold salted!

Honey mushrooms, false and edible are very similar, so they can confuse novice lovers of “silent hunting”. Need to know: What is the difference between false honey mushrooms and edible ones? About, what do edible and false honey mushrooms look like? Let's talk in our article.

False mushrooms are divided into 3 groups:

• poisonous;
• conditionally edible;
• inedible.

Everyone needs to remember important rule: “If you’re not sure, don’t take it!” It’s better to take care of yourself and your loved ones and not take those mushrooms that you have doubts about. It is worth collecting only real honey mushrooms.

How to distinguish false honey mushrooms from edibles

There are several rules that will help you distinguish a real honey mushroom.

The most important difference is the “skirt,” a filmy ring that protects young honey mushrooms. False ones do not have such a ring.

Smell

The cap of a real honey mushroom has a pleasant mushroom aroma, while the cap of an inedible mushroom has an unpleasant earthy aroma. Therefore, first of all, you need to smell the hat.

Leg

Let's pay attention to the leg of a real honey mushroom once again. It should have a filmy “skirt” that protects fruiting body, V difference from the “bald” legs of inedible honey mushrooms.

Records

The plates of edible specimens under the cap are white, with a slight yellow tint, sometimes cream. U false mushrooms they can be olive and black.

hat

Young and not overripe honey mushrooms have a scaly cap structure. The false tip, on the contrary, will be smooth.

Color

Edible species have caps of light brown color, like on photo, and false ones are brighter: yellowish, red, brick, etc.

Taste

Of course, you shouldn’t go to this test option, you could get poisoned, because there are other more simple ways. False mushrooms will have a bitter taste, which edible mushrooms do not have.

It's best to learn well What is the difference between false honey mushrooms and edible ones? before going into the forest. The main thing is not to take risks and not to take something that is not familiar. And if the collection is being carried out for the first time, then it is better to consult with someone more experienced.

How to cook edible mushrooms

Honey mushrooms are very tasty, but you need to know how to cook them correctly. The lower part of the mushroom stem is very tough, so most often only the cap is eaten.

Honey mushrooms can be:

• salt;
• marinate;
• fry;
• add to soup (mushroom mushroom).

Important! Fresh honey mushrooms must be processed immediately after collection, because they quickly darken.

• You can freeze honey mushrooms; to do this, they must be cleared of debris, sorted out from damaged, wormy and rotten ones, and sent to the freezer. It is better to use quick deep freezing. They can be stored for 12 months.
• Honey mushrooms are possible. This is done in the sun or in a special dryer. Sometimes dried in the oven over low heat.

Important! In these two cases of preparation, the mushrooms are not washed, but cleaned, carefully removing dirt.

Important! The water in which honey mushrooms were boiled cannot be used for cooking.

In our article you learned: how to distinguishfalse honey mushrooms from edible ones, how they differ and what they look like, as well as features of mushroom consumption. We think that this helpful information will come in handy during the “silent hunting” season.

Watch the video! Difference between false mushrooms and autumn mushrooms. How to distinguish?