Social security and social insurance

Social assistance - support in cash or in kind, provided subject to statutory guarantees for social security. Social assistance is provided at the expense of local authorities, enterprises, non-budgetary and charitable foundations in order to provide differentiated assistance to needy, unemployed and or disabled citizens and families with children.

Adopted in the summer of 1999, the Federal Law “On State Social Assistance”, which was developed as a law on the restructuring of the entire system of social protection on the basis of the targeted principle, in its current version can only mean the appearance additional view means-tested social benefits. The lack of mechanisms for implementing the law, including financial ones, turns state social assistance into another type of unfunded and therefore unrealizable social benefits and allowances.

Social Security - Government program full or partial maintenance of the disabled. Social security - a system of socio-economic measures that guarantee:

• - material support of citizens in old age, during a period of temporary disability, in the event of the loss of a breadwinner in the family;
• - provision of benefits and provision of benefits to mothers, families with relatively low average per capita incomes, etc.

The social security system of each country has its own characteristics in connection with specific socio-economic conditions. The right to social security is enshrined in the Constitution Russian Federation and is a complex of interrelated organizational and legislative measures. Basically, in the Russian Federation, social protection of disabled and low-income groups of the population is carried out in two main areas - social security and social assistance.

Social security in Russia includes the following types:

• - pensions (for old age, disability, on the occasion of the loss of a breadwinner, for long service, social);
• - allowances (temporary disability, pregnancy and childbirth, large and single mothers, children in low-income families and military personnel military service, disabled children, etc.);
• - the maintenance and service of the elderly and disabled in special institutions (boarding houses);

And although the entire social security system is inherent common features, but at the same time, each type has its own characteristics. Efficiency social system largely depends on the thoughtfulness of the financing mechanism. Social insurance payments are made from insurance funds, in which the funds collected in the form of taxes are concentrated. And state investments are made at the expense of appropriations from budgetary funds (republican and local budgets). As a result, funds for social security are concentrated primarily in the civil service and in the social insurance fund.

It should be noted for the successful functioning of the social security system, the role of the social service management system. At present, the management of the social service is carried out by the bodies of social protection of the population together with the bodies of health, public education, culture, physical education and sports law enforcement, public services on affairs of youth and employment and other governing bodies, as well as with public, religious, charitable organizations and foundations. In the future, the local administration, consisting of deputies, representatives of interested organizations, financial and sponsorship circles, can provide great assistance in coordinating social services to the population.

Social protection population is one of major areas social policy of the state, which consists in establishing and maintaining the socially necessary material and social position of all members of society.

Sometimes social protection is interpreted more narrowly: as providing a certain level of income for those segments of the population who, for whatever reason, cannot provide for their own existence: the unemployed, the disabled, the sick, orphans, the elderly, single mothers, large families. Basic principles of social protection:

• humanity;
• targeting;
• complexity;
• ensuring the rights and freedoms of the individual.

The system of social protection of the population and its structure

Social security system is a set of legislative acts, measures, as well as organizations that ensure the implementation of social protection measures for the population, support for socially vulnerable segments of the population.

It includes:

1. Social Security originated in Russia in the 1920s. and meant the creation state system material support and services for the elderly and disabled citizens, as well as families with children at the expense of the so-called public consumption funds. This category is essentially identical to the category of social protection, but the latter applies to a market economy.

In addition to pensions (for old age, disability, etc.), social security included benefits for temporary disability and childbirth, for caring for a child under the age of one, assistance to families in the maintenance and upbringing of children (free or on preferential terms, nurseries, kindergartens, boarding schools , pioneer camps, etc.), family allowances, maintenance of the disabled in special organizations (nursing homes, etc.), free or concessional prosthetic care, provision of vehicles for the disabled, vocational training for the disabled, and various benefits for the families of the disabled. During the transition to the market, the social security system largely ceased to fulfill its functions, but some of its elements entered into modern system social protection of the population.

2. - the provision of social benefits and services to citizens without taking into account the labor contribution and testing of means on the basis of the principle of distribution of these benefits according to the needs of the available public resources. In our country, social guarantees include:

• guaranteed free medical care;
• general accessibility and free education;
• the minimum wage;
• the minimum amount of pensions, scholarships;
• social pensions (disabled since childhood; children with disabilities; disabled people without work experience; children who have lost one or both parents; persons over 65 (men) and 60 (women) years who do not have work experience);
• allowances at the birth of a child, for the period of caring for a child until he reaches the age of 1.5 years, up to 16 years;
• ritual allowance for burial and some others.

Since January 1, 2002, the amount of benefits related to the birth of a child has been increased. Thus, the amount of a one-time allowance for the birth of a child increased from 1.5 thousand rubles to 4.5 thousand rubles and in 2006 - up to 8000 rubles, the monthly allowance for the period of parental leave until the child reaches the age of one and a half years from 200 up to 500 rubles, and in 2006 - up to 700 rubles. This allowance provided 25% of the living wage for an able-bodied person. The amount of the monthly allowance for a child under 16 years of age has not been revised and amounts to 70 rubles. Its ratio with the subsistence minimum for a child was 3.0% in 2004. In Moscow and some other regions, this allowance in 2006 increased to 150 rubles.

A variety of social guarantees are social benefits. They represent a system of public guarantees provided to certain groups of the population (disabled people, war veterans, labor veterans, etc.). In 2005, benefits in kind were replaced by monetary compensations for these categories of the population. Since January 1, 2005, the preferential category of citizens has the right to use the social package and the right to receive monthly cash payments. The cost of the social package is set at 450 rubles. It includes travel in suburban transport, free drug provision, sanatorium treatment and travel to the place of sanatorium treatment. The law provides that from January 2006 beneficiaries will be able to choose between a social package and receiving the appropriate amount of money.

From January 1, 2006, monthly cash payments in accordance with the law were established in the following amounts: Patriotic War- 2000 rubles; participants of the Second World War - 1500 rubles; combat veterans and a number of other categories of beneficiaries - 1,100 rubles.

Persons who worked during the Second World War at facilities air defense, the construction of defensive structures, naval bases, airfields and other military facilities, family members of the dead or war invalids, participants in the Second World War and combat veterans, will receive 600 rubles a month.

Disabled persons with a third degree of restriction labor activity, monthly paid 1400 rubles; second degree - 1000 rubles; first degree - 800 rubles; disabled children will be paid 1000 rubles. Disabled people who do not have a degree of restriction on labor activity, with the exception of disabled children, receive 500 rubles a month.

Social insurance— protection of the economically active population from social risks on the basis of collective solidarity in compensation for damage. The main social risks associated with the loss of ability to work, work and, accordingly, income, are illness, old age, unemployment, motherhood, accident, work injury, occupational disease, death of the breadwinner. The system of social insurance is financed from special off-budget funds, formed at the expense of contributions from employers and employees, as well as state subsidies. There are two forms of social insurance - compulsory (supported by the state of its funds) and voluntary (in the absence of state assistance). Citizens are supported, first of all, through cash payments (pensions and benefits for sickness, old age, unemployment, loss of a breadwinner, etc.), as well as by financing the services of healthcare organizations, vocational training and others related to rehabilitation.

Social support(assistance) is provided to socially vulnerable groups of the population who, for one reason or another, are unable to secure an income for themselves. Assistance is provided through both cash and in-kind payments (free meals, clothing) and is funded by general tax revenues. Means testing is usually required to receive social assistance. Assistance is provided to those people whose incomes are below the minimum living standards, and is an essential element of the anti-poverty policy, ensuring a minimum guaranteed income, as a realization of the right to life.

Social support is not limited to material assistance. It also includes measures in the form of assistance and services provided to individuals or groups of the population by social services to overcome life's difficulties, maintain social status, adaptation in society.

The activities of social services for social support, the provision of social, medical, pedagogical, legal services and material assistance, social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations has formed into a separate branch of the social sphere - social services.

The system of social service institutions in Russia is developing at a very rapid pace. For the period 1998-2004 total amount social service institutions increased by a third. At the same time, the number of institutions for the elderly and the disabled increased by more than 1.5 times compared with 1985, and by 18% compared with 1998. Number of centers for social assistance to families and children in 1998-2004 increased by 2 times, social rehabilitation centers - by 2.5 times. There are 25 rehabilitation centers for young people with disabilities, 17 geriatric centers. New types of social service institutions have appeared: crisis centers for women, so far the only crisis center for men, crisis departments for girls.

Work aimed at helping, supporting and protecting people, and, above all, socially weak sections of society, is called social work.

object social work are people in need of outside help: the elderly, pensioners, the disabled, the seriously ill, children; people who got into
wish life situation: unemployed, drug addicts, teenagers who fell into bad company, single-parent families, convicted and served sentences, refugees and migrants, etc.

Subjects of social work- those organizations and people who carry out this work. This is the state as a whole, exercising social policy through state social security agencies. These are public organizations: Russian Association social services association social educators And social workers etc. This charity organisations and relief societies such as the Red Cross and Red Crescent.

The main subject of social work are people engaged in it professionally or on voluntary. There are about half a million professional social workers (that is, people with the appropriate education and diploma) all over the world (in Russia there are several tens of thousands). The main part of social work is performed by non-professionals, either as a result of circumstances or because of convictions and a sense of duty.

Society is interested in increasing effectiveness of social work. However, it is difficult to define and measure it. Efficiency is understood as the ratio of the results of activities and the costs necessary to achieve this result. Social performance is complex category, which consists of goals, results, costs and conditions social activities. The result is the final result of any activity in relation to its purpose. It can be positive or negative. In social work, the result is the satisfaction of the needs of its objects, clients of social services, and on this basis general improvement social situation in society. Indicators can serve as criteria for the effectiveness of social work at the macro level. financial situation family (person), life expectancy, level and structure of morbidity, homelessness, drug addiction, crime, etc.

The problem of the limits of social assistance to citizens is closely related to the criterion of effectiveness. As with the implementation of income policy, it is necessary to take into account the possible Negative consequences massive social support: the appearance of dependency, passivity, unwillingness to make decisions on your own and solve your problems. There may be negative developments in the social sphere (for example, active support for single mothers may result in a decrease in the marriage rate and, ultimately, the birth rate).

Social insurance

Social insurance is one of the forms of social protection of the population against various possible risks that are associated with the loss of health, disability, work, earnings and other income. Main Feature social insurance is that financing for social security is made from specialized budget funds, which are formed by targeted insurance premiums of legal entities (employers) and individuals(workers).

Social insurance is based on the principle of flexible equivalence, that is, there is a certain dependence of the insurance payment on the amount of insurance experience and labor contribution. In social insurance, the combination of the principle of equivalence with the principle of collective solidarity and pooling of risks is active.

The system of social protection of citizens of the Russian Federation includes the main elements:

Social insurance guarantees insured citizens full insurance coverage, which allows insurers to fulfill their obligations to insured citizens.

Social Security

Social security is aimed at providing financial support to citizens of the Russian Federation in the event of insured events recognized as socially significant in accordance with federal legislation. social security levels social status certain categories citizens in comparison with the rest of the population of the Russian Federation.

Social security is the protection of the most vulnerable segments of the population who, due to objective and subjective reasons, cannot take care of themselves on their own: the disabled, the elderly, children, orphans and others. Social security can be both property-based (services, money, things) and non-property (help from a social psychologist).

In accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation (Article 39), the right to social security is one of the fundamental social rights of citizens of the Russian Federation.

Main types of social security

By type, social security is divided into social security assistance and social security maintenance.

Social security assistance - assistance that is provided for a certain category of citizens:

Social welfare provides the necessary and sufficient funds to those citizens who are not yet able to independently acquire a source of income, or who are no longer able to provide for themselves.

What is the difference?

The main difference between these two types of social security is that assistance is temporary and is not a basic source of income.

The types of social security assistance include:

The types of social security content include:

Form of social security payment

Social security is divided into two forms of payment: cash and in-kind.

The monetary form of payment is divided into:

1. pensions (all varieties and types)
2. allowances (all types).

Payments in kind include:

1. benefits (such as free medicine)
2. compensation (for example, provision of housing due to disasters, etc.)
3. medical services, including spa treatment
4. essentials
5. maintenance of homes for the elderly and disabled.

Legislated types of social security

The legislation of the Russian Federation establishes the main types of social security:

Each type of social security consists of specific varieties. Important feature lies in the fact that the types of social security themselves are stable and sustainable, and its varieties vary depending on economic, political and social conditions taking place on this moment in the country.

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State social insurance is a system of pensions, allowances and other payments to citizens of the Republic of Belarus at the expense of state insurance funds and is intended to provide for employees and their families. Public administration Social insurance finance is provided by the Social Protection Fund. State social insurance contributions are paid by all enterprises, institutions and organizations, as well as persons involved in entrepreneurial activity as well as working citizens. A pension is a state-guaranteed monthly cash payment from the Social Security Fund for the purpose of providing material support to disabled citizens in connection with their past socially useful activities in amounts commensurate with the pensioner's past earnings. Types of pensions: 1.

Labor pensions: by age, by disability, in case of loss of a breadwinner, for length of service. 2. For special services to the republic. 3. Social pensions. Benefits - a type of state social insurance payments, which are assistance that temporarily replaces wages, serving as an addition to the main source of livelihood, assistance in the absence of basic livelihoods. Types of benefits: - for temporary disability - for pregnancy and childbirth - in connection with the birth of a child - for caring for a child under the age of three - for children aged 3 to 16 - for caring for a sick child - for caring for a child - a disabled person - a single mother raising a child under the age of 1.5 years.

6. State social security and social insurance. Citizens of the Republic of Belarus are guaranteed the right to social security in old age, in case of illness, disability, disability, loss of a breadwinner and in other cases provided for by law.

1. § 3. Bodies carrying out operational-search activities The right to carry out, in accordance with the Law, operational-search activities is granted on the territory of the Republic of Belarus to operational units: internal affairs bodies of state security bodies of the border troops - state protection bodies: the Security Service of the President of the Republic of Belarus and the Chief Department of State Security under the President of the Republic
2. 5.Guarantees and compensation. Guarantees are the means, methods and conditions by which the exercise of the rights granted to employees in the field of social and labor relations is ensured. Compensation - monetary payments established in order to reimburse employees for the costs associated with their performance job duties. Types of guarantee payments: payments to employees when they are distracted from work in cases provided for
3. CONTENTS Introduction………………….……………………. ………………..5 Section 1. Theoretical and methodological problems of social protection and insurance Chapter 1. Social protection of the individual and National security society. 1. Definition of the content of the concepts "social security" and "national security". 15 2. Features of social security and its place in the general system of national
4. CONTENTS Introduction Topic 1. General theory state and law 1. The concept and features of the state. State functions. State and law. State machine. Civil society And constitutional state. 2. The essence of law. The concept of legal norms, their structure and types. 3. Legal system. The concept of legal relations, their types. 4. Legal consciousness. Lawful conduct, wrongdoing and legal
5. 1. Tasks, scope of the Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus. Relations regulated by the Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus. The structure of the Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus. Labor legislation is a set of normative legal acts regulating public relations in the field of labor and related relations (Article 1 of the Labor Code of the Republic of Belarus). The sources of regulation of labor and related relations are: The Constitution of the Republic of Belarus Labor Code Republic of Belarus and acts of labor legislation Laws of the Republic of Belarus
6. Basic Literature 1. Babiy N.A. Criminal law of the Republic of Belarus. General part: Lecture notes. Mn., 2000. 3. Vasilevich G.A. Constitution of the Republic of Belarus: scientific and practical commentary. Mn., 2000. 4. Balashenko S.A. environmental law. Mn. 1999. 5. Boriko S.V. Judiciary. Mn. 2000. 6. Civil law. In 2 parts / Ed. V.F. Chigira. Mn., 2001. 7. Dmitruk V.N. Theory of Government and Rights. /
7. 4. Types of insurance Social insurance includes compulsory pension, sickness, accident and unemployment insurance. Payments are financed by contributions from employers, employees and state subsidies. Types of insurance differ in the amounts of contributions and payments upon the occurrence of insurance
8. 71. The concept and organization of insurance Insurance as a system of relations to protect the property interests of citizens, organizations and the state is a necessary element of the socio-economic system of society. Insurance is an independent element of the financial system of the Russian Federation. It appears in two separate forms: in the form of social insurance (special insurance) and insurance proper, associated with unforeseen
9. LIST OF RECOMMENDED LITERATURE On the provision of benefits for compulsory social insurance of citizens working in organizations and for individual entrepreneurs applying special tax regimes, and some other categories of citizens. feder. Law of December 31, 2002 No. 190-FZ. The main conditions for providing benefits for state social insurance, approved by the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions
10. 5. Economic mechanisms for implementation environmental policy. When implementing public policy there is an economic mechanism in the field of environmental protection, which includes: planning and financing environmental protection measures concessional lending and taxation of environmental activities setting limits on use natural resources, disposal of waste, permissible emissions (discharges) of pollutants
11. Social insurance and pension reform The main goal of the social insurance system and pension reform is to ensure a decent standard of living for citizens who, during their working life, paid pension contributions without concealing their labor income. pension reform aims to create equal opportunity for the provision of pensions to citizens, regardless of the scope of their employment and type of activity, the elimination
12. § 3. The Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation The Social Insurance Fund is a specialized financial and credit institution under the Government of the Russian Federation. The activities of the fund are regulated by the Regulations on the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, approved. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 12, 1994 No. 1011. Cash and other property under the operational management of the fund, as well as property assigned to

One of the most important tasks of social insurance and social security at work is to protect workers from injuries and health hazards at work.

Compulsory accident insurance is, of course, regulated by law. Unlike other types of insurance, here not two parties, but three are involved in the drafting of the contract.

To the insurance company itself and the person who is planned to insure, is also added entity- an organization in which a person works.

According to popular belief, social insurance against injuries at work is beneficial only to employers and the insurance companies themselves. However, it is worth noting that all types of state social insurance provide workers with relative safety and the hope of compensation if an accident occurs to them.

And there are many such cases. Do not think that this section of insurance applies only to workers in mines and factories. Even economic activity not so long ago was classified as dangerous. Every person working legally must be insured by the organization in which he works.

What is social insurance and social security for?

An insured employee receives a guarantee of social protection if an insured event occurs at his workplace. By the way, not every accident will be considered insured, a number of cases are specifically stipulated in the contract.

Another task of social insurance is to make sure that employers have an interest in making their enterprise safer for employees. The fewer insured events occur, the more profitable it is for the employer.

At its core, social insurance is compensation for harm caused to the life and health of the victim. This amount depends on the level of damage. The more seriously injured a person, the a large amount he will receive a refund.

Insurance funds are engaged not only in compensation for damage. Thanks to regular contributions from insurers, it becomes possible to improve working conditions for thousands of people at the expense of them.

Social insurance contributions, like any other insurance, are made monthly, in the amount that is set in the official contract.

The activity of the social insurance fund regulates and controls the organizations that employ employees. Control over working conditions, diagnostics of the possibility of accidents.

In addition to material compensation, social insurance and social security ensure that victims are fully provided for necessary tools and medicines that became necessary after the injury.

So, for example, free artificial limbs are given out to some of those in need. Previously, the social insurance fund also provided individual treatment victims in specialized sanatoriums and hospitals.

What should be the premiums?

As already mentioned, the insurance budget of the funds is formed by contributions. By the way, social pension insurance in Russia provides for the return of contributions to the insurer after a certain time.

Social insurance contributions are non-refundable. They go to insurance payments, providing medical services to victims, monthly payments to those who lost their ability to work as a result of an injury.

The amount of insurance premiums depends on what kind of activity you are engaged in. In our country, there is a classification of 32 points, on the basis of which the amount of the fee is calculated.

What is the aim of social insurance at work?

First of all, social insurance funds make payments to those injured at work during the time they are unable to work. This amount is calculated from the average person's earnings and comes directly from the social security fund through the employer.

There are also lump-sum payments to victims. They, again, depend on the level of severity of injuries and on the organization where the victim works.

Rehabilitation of the victims: both physical, psychological and professional is carried out at the expense of the Social Insurance Fund. This point causes a lot of controversy. Currently, the authority to issue vouchers is given to social security organizations.

Social insurance funds pay for the improvement of working conditions in industries. For this, scheduled inspections, elimination of shortcomings, penalties from negligent employers.

Naturally, each individual insured event requires detailed consideration and evaluation. Such measures are necessary to avoid cases of fraud. Specialists inspect the scene and consider insured events in detail.

Another point is the introduction of surcharges, compensations and discounts in social insurance tariffs.

Compulsory insurance at work is beneficial for both employees and their employers. On the one hand, the production of payments stabilizes the situation on the labor market, provides citizens with hope for the restoration of health and working capacity at the expense of the state.

Employers, in turn, are also protected by law. Paying monthly contributions to the insurance company, they can be sure of their own security.

The state represented by social insurance funds also does not stand aside. Thanks to universal social insurance, the risk of injuries and accidents at work is reduced. Organizations themselves are being improved and modernized, making their work even more efficient.

In the event that an employee dies as a result of an emergency at work, insurance payments are still made. They are received by minor dependent children, dependent persons, the family of the deceased.

If an insured event occurs

It doesn't matter if you work at a factory or in an office, no one is insured against the occurrence of insured events.

Note that compulsory social insurance and social security are not compulsory health insurance at all and should not be confused.

The payment for medical insurance in the insured event will be made one way or another, but you can expect compensation from the social insurance fund only if you were injured directly at work.

An insured event is a confirmed fact of harm to health or deprivation of life as a result of work at work or the acquisition of occupational diseases.

An accident on the way to a person's work is also considered insured. How much a person has suffered (we will include occupational diseases here) depends on how much he will receive from the insurance organization.

So, you can count on monthly payments in the amount of wages if you are receiving treatment after an accident. Most likely, your stay in the hospital and medicines will also be paid by the insured.

The accident, which led to the loss of a person's ability to work completely, is also paid. It can be a lump sum payment or a monthly allowance. Disability means that a person can no longer hold his position and is unable to fulfill his duties.

Either way, the loss of a job due to an acquired illness or injury provides you with a certain amount from the Social Security fund. To this are added the necessary medicines and devices (diapers, crutches, wheelchair, catheters, etc.).

The saddest outcome is death as a result of an accident. The full insurance amount is paid to the family of the deceased, children left without a breadwinner. Usually, the funeral is organized at the expense of the insurance company.

There is a social branch of the economy called social security. It provides stable social support to certain segments of the population from the state, which is not associated with emergency situations.

These people live mainly at the expense of the state provision.

The most common type of social security is pensions. Old-age pensioners are paid a pension, which depends on the length of service and the level of wages received before retirement. In any case, each pensioner is guaranteed the payment of a pension not lower than the minimum level. Disability pensions are also paid. They do not depend on age and are due only to the state of health.

Pensions are paid from the pension fund, which is formed from contributions from enterprises and organizations and partly from the state budget.

A variety of benefits and payments are provided to various categories of the needy population. They can be permanent or temporary. Benefits are issued for the purpose of social support for children, the sick, the unemployed, and persons deprived of the means of subsistence.

The state creates and takes care of orphanages and boarding schools, nursing homes.

A special type of social assistance is medical assistance. To a large extent, this assistance is provided free of charge. However, even wealthy countries are not able to put the entire cost of health care on the state budget. Therefore part medical services and drugs is paid, insurance medicine arises. In insurance medicine, insurance funds from salaries and deductions of enterprises and organizations. The funds from these funds are transferred to medical institutions. Medical assistance provided to a fund participant is paid in advance.

The state provides assistance to the unemployed. For persons who have lost their jobs, an allowance is paid in the first months in an amount close to that wages they had before they lost their jobs. In subsequent months, the allowance is reduced. Along with the allowance, the State Employment Fund spends money on training the unemployed.

More on Social Security and Social Assistance:

1. Chapter 3
2. Institutions for minors in need of social rehabilitation (social rehabilitation center, social shelter, center for helping children left without parental care)
3. Chapter 2
4. 8.3. Accounting for social contributions and settlements with social insurance and security authorities
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Social Security and Social Assistance

Methodological explanations

Social Security- the system of material support and service provided by law for citizens in old age, in case of illness, complete or partial disability, loss of a breadwinner, as well as families with children.

Compulsory social insurance- one of the main forms of social security, carried out in accordance with federal law dated July 16, 1999 N 165-FZ "On the basics of compulsory social insurance". It is a system of legal, economic and organizational measures created by the state aimed at compensating or minimizing the consequences of changes in the material and (or) social status of working citizens, and in cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, other categories of citizens due to their recognition as unemployed, industrial injury or professional illness, disability, illness, injury, pregnancy and childbirth, loss of a breadwinner, as well as the onset of old age, the need to receive medical care, sanatorium treatment and the onset of other social insurance risks established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, subject to compulsory social insurance.

Insurance coverage for certain types of compulsory social insurance are:

1) payment to a medical institution of expenses related to the provision of the necessary medical care to the insured person;

2) old age pension;

3) disability pension;

4) survivor's pension;

5) allowance for temporary disability;

6) benefit in connection with work injury and occupational disease;

7) allowance for pregnancy and childbirth;

8) monthly allowance for caring for a child until he reaches the age of one and a half years;

9) unemployment benefit;

10) a one-time allowance for women registered in medical institutions in early dates pregnancy;

11) a one-time allowance for the birth of a child;

12) allowance for sanatorium treatment;

13) social benefit for burial;

14) payment for vouchers for sanatorium treatment and health improvement of employees and their families.

Budgets compulsory social insurance funds are not included in the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets. Mandatory social insurance funds include state extra-budgetary funds: the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, the Federal and Territorial Funds of Compulsory Medical Insurance, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Employment Fund of the Russian Federation (abolished on January 1, 2001).

State off-budget fund– fund Money, formed outside the federal budget and the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and intended for the implementation of the constitutional rights of citizens to pensions, social insurance, social security in case of unemployment, health protection and medical care. Expenses and incomes of the state off-budget fund are formed in the manner prescribed by federal law, or in another manner provided for by the Budget Code of the Russian Federation.

Unified social tax (contribution)- a tax credited to the federal budget to finance the basic part of the labor pension, to the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation and the compulsory medical insurance funds of the Russian Federation and intended to mobilize funds for the realization of the right of citizens to state pension and social security and medical care. Introduced on January 1, 2001 in accordance with the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.

Minimum social guarantees- minimum cash payments, the receipt of which is guaranteed to the population by the state in cases provided for by the relevant regulatory legal acts. These include minimum wages, scholarships, allowances, and others.

TO pensioners include persons who have exercised the right to receive a pension in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and interstate agreements, permanently residing in the Russian Federation. Data are given on pensioners registered in the system of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (before 2002 - in the bodies of social protection of the population).

Average amount of assigned monthly pensions is determined by dividing the total amount of assigned monthly pensions (1993-2001 - including compensation) by the number of pensioners registered in the system of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (until 2002 - in the bodies of social protection of the population).

The actual amount of assigned monthly pensions - a relative indicator calculated by dividing the index of the nominal size (that is, actually established in the reporting period) of the assigned monthly pensions by the consumer price index for the corresponding time period.

Estimation in monetary terms of the amount of benefits received by members of the surveyed households in the form of full or partial exemption from payment for goods and services. The assessment is based on the words of the interviewed household members.

Non-state pension fund- a special organizational and legal form of a non-profit social security organization, the exclusive type of activity of which is non-state pension provision of fund participants on the basis of agreements on non-state pension provision of the population with fund investors in favor of fund participants. Funds carry out activities and make payments of non-state pensions to the participants of the fund, regardless of the state pension provision of the population.

benefit- partial or complete exemption of citizens from payment for goods and services.

Benefits taken into account when conducting a sample survey of household budgets include all types of in-kind assistance provided to households both by the employer and from the budgets of all levels.

The assessment of the value of benefits received is based on the words of the interviewed household members.

TO food benefits This includes both the issuance of food stamps and the provision of the opportunity to purchase food at lower prices (in this case, the approximate difference in price is estimated in the case of purchase of these products in retail organizations).

TO travel allowances include the use of concessionary travel on all modes of transport, including the use of a company car, as well as the use of vehicles provided by the employer for the personal needs of the household (free of charge or with partial payment for their rent from household funds).

TO housing benefits and utilities include benefits and subsidies provided to citizens in accordance with applicable law, as well as payment for housing by the employer.

TO vacation allowances include discounts and subsidies provided by social insurance authorities, employers for paying for vouchers to rest homes, sanatoriums, children's summer health camps, as well as tourist trips and excursions.

TO medical care benefits includes benefits for medical and dental care, benefits for paying for drugs. The cost of medical services provided to the population free of charge under compulsory medical insurance is not included.

Subsidy- it has special purpose payment for material goods or services provided to citizens.

Subsidies for housing and utility bills are a targeted type of social assistance and are provided to citizens by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments within the social norm of housing space and standards for the consumption of utilities, taking into account the subsistence minimum, total family income and existing benefits.

Benefits for payment of housing and utilities- this is a discount provided in accordance with the current legislation to certain categories of citizens, including members of their families living together with them (if this is provided for by the legislation relevant to this category of citizens).

The value of in-kind benefits- assessment in monetary terms of benefits received by members of the surveyed households in the form of full or partial exemption from payment for goods and services. Benefits received both from the employer and from the budgets of all levels are taken into account. The assessment is based on the words of the interviewed household members.