What are professional educational organizations? Types of educational organizations
These subjects are endowed with rights, obligations, bear responsibility and have social guarantees. These provisions also apply to employees of institutions. Educational organizations These are non-profit structures. General educational organizations operate on the basis of a license. Education in them is the main purpose of creation. Institutions operating in the field of education are organizations that also operate under a license. While implementing the main tasks, they provide additional training. Educational organizations are created in the forms provided for by civil legislation regulating the work of non-profit structures. Private educational institutions Their work is also regulated by Federal Law No. 273.
The Law defines such institutions as organizations created in accordance with the procedure established by regulations, by one or more citizens or their associations. Foreign educational institutions cannot form such educational institutions. religious societies. The right to create organizations that implement educational programs in the field of security and state defense belongs only to the Russian Federation.
Attention
Features of the name The name of the educational institution may contain indications of the specifics of the work. For example, “a comprehensive school with a mathematical focus.” The name may indicate the integration of different types of curricula.
The program of activities of an educational organization may include additional tasks. For example, this could be correction, maintenance, rehabilitation, psychological and pedagogical support, technological, research and other work.
Article 23 types of educational organizations
Preschool education It is important to remember that children can count on preschool education not only in specialized child care institutions, but also in the family. Clause 6 states that in a preschool educational organization care, supervision, preschool education, are carried out from 2 months until the complete termination of the relationship (if the pupil reaches 6-7 years of age). Groups created to achieve this goal can be health-improving, compensatory, general developmental or combined.
The order of the Ministry of Education and Science dated October 27, 2011 was declared to have lost its legal force. The letter dated August 8, 2013 from the Ministry of Education and Science contained the Recommendations of the Department of State. policies regarding the staffing of those educational institutions that are engaged in the implementation of basic general education programs preschool education and training.
Article 23. types of educational organizations
Important
Article 23 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” specifies all types educational organizations, their features, goals and objectives. Next, we will analyze this article and clarify its details. Criteria for dividing educational institutions into separate types When dividing all educational institutions into types, the general education programs selected for their activities are taken into account.
In addition, the division is carried out taking into account the type of programs. It could be:
- Basic educational programs.
- Additional training programs.
General education programs include vocational and general education. The Law provides for six different types of educational organizations: four that involve the implementation of basic educational programs, and two types aimed at the additional development of schoolchildren.
All subjects Pedagogy Educational system of Russia Types educational institutions 1. Types of educational institutions 2. Variability of educational programs Types of educational institutions The law “On Education in the Russian Federation” does not divide educational institutions into types. According to the law, all educational organizations are divided into types depending on the educational programs that they use in their activities. The table below shows the correspondence between the types of educational institutions and possible types of organizational forms.
Variability of educational programs Variability of education is one of the main principles and vectors of development of the modern education system in Russian Federation.
Moreover, the letter discussed the creation of unified approaches to the number of children who need to attend preschool educational institutions. The letter also contained recommendations to municipal authorities on the creation of a single information resource “ electronic queue» to kindergartens. The deadlines for providing information on the number of applications (movements) for the current academic year were also determined.
To register in the register, parents or legal representatives of a preschooler fill out a freely available form online, or consult a specialist from the municipal administration. You can also personally contact the authorized body with a written application for a place in a preschool institution. The letter also contained recommendations regarding the order of admission of children to preschool institutions.
Types of educational institutions
Universities, as a rule, provide bachelor's and master's degrees. In addition, in such educational institutions is underway scientific work. The secondary school implements educational plans in elementary, middle and high schools.
The institution accepts children who have graduated from preschool educational institutions and prepares them for 10 years to enter a university. Part 2 of Federal Law No. 273 also defines organizations carrying out educational activities in additional disciplines. Wherein this work is their main goal. The Law defines educational organizations for basic and professional additional training.
They carry out pedagogical work not included in the educational program. Comments to the Law In Art. Part 1 of Federal Law No. 273 determines the subjects who have the right to conduct training. They are educational organizations, as well as individual entrepreneurs.
Educational organizations. Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation”
These types of state and municipal institutions were determined in connection with the transition from estimated financing to providing state (municipal) institutions with finances only to fulfill the state (municipal) task for the provision of services (performance of work) in the form of budget subsidies. The differences in the types of state and municipal institutions lie in the degree of financial independence of the institution - income from income-generating activities is fully received by an autonomous institution, and a government institution transfers income from paid services and works for the budget of its founder. The legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of education applies to all educational institutions on the territory of the Russian Federation, regardless of their organizational and legal forms and subordination.
Educational organizations in Russia
Similar data is provided for hired teachers. According to civil law, individual entrepreneurs carrying out activities in the field of education on a paid basis must enter into appropriate agreements. They can be in simple written form. The contract must reflect the basic conditions for the provision of services, obligations and rights, as well as the responsibilities of the parties. In addition, the document determines the term, procedure and amount of payment.
- 20.06.2016
Education is an integral process of human development, without which the existence of modern society would be impossible. After all, to be useful government unit, you definitely need to learn something. It is for this purpose that preschool and general education institutions, as well as institutions vocational education. The article will discuss general educational institutions - their types, types and features.
Terminology
When considering this topic, you first need to understand what an educational institution is. This is a special institution where pedagogical process, where programs for the education, upbringing and development of children are implemented. In turn, there is a whole list of educational institutions, which are divided by type.
- Preschool. Here, depending on the type, the age of children ranges from 1 to 7 years.
- General educational institutions
- Vocational education institutions that provide specific, narrowly focused knowledge and receive appropriate qualifications.
- Correctional institutions where children classified as students with special educational needs are admitted.
- Institutions for orphans or children equivalent to them. These are orphanages where children not only study, but also live.
- Institutions additional education children and separately adults (postgraduate education).
Kindergartens
The first educational institutions that children attend are preschools. General education institutions will be the next step. Most kindergartens accept children from two years old. In addition to education, which is free, the kindergarten provides supervision and care for children, since they spend almost the whole day within the walls of the institution. This service is paid for by parents, but not in full. 80% of the costs are borne by the municipality, and parents pay for the remaining 20%.
The gradation of groups in kindergartens is carried out according to two criteria - age and orientation. The classification takes into account the age of the child at the beginning school year(September 1) and includes groups for children 2-3 years old, 3-4 years old, 4-5 years old, 5-6 years old and 6-7 years old.
The focus of the group is determined by the student population, according to which educational programs are selected. Thus, they distinguish:
- general development groups;
- groups of combined orientation;
- groups of compensating orientation.
About educational institutions
Children attend general education institutions for the longest time - from 7 to 18 years. If a teenager chooses an institution of primary or secondary vocational education for further education, then he graduates from school at the age of 16.
Types of educational institutions
Elementary School. These are the first four grades of a child's education. Children enter 1st grade based on the results of certain tests that determine their level of readiness for school. The main task of teachers here is not only to give children knowledge, but also to teach them to learn, to instill an interest in science.
High school. We can say that this is an intermediate link between elementary and high schools. Occupies the period from 5th to 9th grade, the age of students ranges from 9-10 to 14-15 years. After the end of this period, those interested can enter either high school or vocational education institutions (primary or secondary).
High school. Children study in grades 10-11, aged from 15 to 17 years. Here there is a more in-depth study of sciences and preparation for entering universities. Upon completion, students receive a certificate of secondary general education. For some types of activities this is already enough.
Special education
There are also correctional or special educational institutions. Who are they for? Children who have certain developmental problems or limited health capabilities are identified there. However, it should be noted that the modern education system offers Alternative option– inclusive education for the successful socialization of such children. Although in practice everything does not always work out as perfectly as in theory. Another alternative option for such children is distance learning. However, here too problems arise with the further introduction of children into society.
Money issues
Having understood what an educational institution is (secondary school, junior and children's schools), it should be noted that such institutions may also differ in the type of financing. There are these types:
- State or municipal schools that are completely free.
- Private schools where parents pay a certain fee for their children's education.
The only question here is the payment for the learning process itself. Parental money for improving the material and technical base of a class or school does not belong to this section at all.
Gymnasiums, lyceums
State educational institutions may also be called lyceums or gymnasiums. Essentially this is regular schools. And after graduation, the child receives the same certificate of secondary education. However, their peculiarity is that they offer more detailed study certain items. Sometimes such educational institutions cooperate with universities, preparing future students to study there.
Evening schools
When considering general education institutions, you also need to understand what evening schools are. The practice of their work today is not as active as in the times Soviet Union, however, they still exist and function perfectly. Who are they intended for? In our country, secondary general education is compulsory. Unlike the highest. Thus, without a certificate of completed secondary education, an employer cannot provide an employee with good place. If, for some reason, it was not possible to finish school on time, during adolescence, a person may later be sent to complete his evening studies. The name speaks for itself. People come here after finishing their working day. After studying at an evening school, a person receives a certificate of secondary general education.
In accordance with the above definition of the education system, educational programs must be implemented by educational institutions. More precisely, “non-profit organizations”, since “establishment” is one of the forms of non-profit organizations, and the law “On Education” (as amended by the Federal Law of August 22, 2004 No. 122 FZ) states that “State and non-state educational organizations can be created in organizational - legal forms provided for by the civil legislation of the Russian Federation for non-profit organizations."
Thus, an educational institution is only one of the organizational and legal forms in which non-profit educational organizations can exist. In accordance with Civil Code and the Federal Law “On Non-Profit Organizations”, registration of an educational organization in the form of an educational institution presupposes the presence of a founder. It is assumed that this organization will subsequently be financed by the founder, as well as the existence of subsidiary liability of the founder for the debts of the organization. (Recall that subsidiary is a type of unlimited liability. Vicarious liability arises when one person is liable for the debts of another due to the insufficiency of the property of the immediate debtor).
The founder of the main part of non-profit educational organizations (institutions) is, as is known, the state.
Types of educational institutions
Detailed information about the types and types of educational institutions is contained in the information classifiers as part of the Integrated Automated Information System (IAIS) in the field of education (Appendix to the letter of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated March 9, 2004 No. 34-51 -53in/01-11)
Depending on their purpose, the following types of educational institutions are distinguished:
1. Preschool educational institutions.
2. Educational institutions for children of preschool and primary school age.
3. Educational institutions for additional education of children.
4. Interschool training centers.
5. General educational institutions.
6. General education boarding school.
7. Cadet schools.
8. Evening (shift) general education institutions.
9. Educational institutions for children in need of psychological, pedagogical and medical and social assistance.
1. Special educational institutions for children and adolescents with deviant behavior.
II. Special (correctional) institutions for students and pupils with developmental disabilities.
12. Institutions for orphans and children left without parental care (legal representatives).
13. Health educational institutions of sanatorium type for children in need of long-term treatment.
14. Suvorov military, Nakhimov naval schools and cadet (naval cadet) corps.
15. Educational institutions of primary vocational education.
16. Educational institutions of secondary vocational education (Secondary specialized educational institutions).
17. Educational institutions of higher professional education (Higher educational institutions).
18. Military educational institutions of higher professional education (Higher military educational institutions).
19. Educational institutions of additional professional education (advanced training) for specialists.
Types of educational institutions
Preschool educational institutions:
Kindergarten;
A general developmental kindergarten with priority implementation of one or several areas of development of pupils (intellectual, artistic-aesthetic, physical, etc.);
A compensatory kindergarten with priority implementation of qualified correction of deviations in the physical and mental development of pupils;
Kindergarten for supervision and health improvement with priority implementation of sanitary, hygienic, preventive and health-improving measures and procedures;
Combined kindergarten (a combined kindergarten may include general education, compensatory and health groups in different combinations);
Child Development Center - kindergarten with the implementation of physical and mental development, correction and health improvement of all pupils.
Institutions for children of preschool and primary school age:
Initial school-kindergarten;
Primary school-kindergarten of a compensatory type - with the implementation of qualified correction of deviations in the physical and mental development of pupils and students;
Pro-gymnasium - with priority implementation of one or several areas of development of pupils and students (intellectual, artistic-aesthetic, physical, etc.).
Continuing education institutions:
Center (additional education for children, development of creativity;
Children and youth, creative development And liberal arts education, children's and youth, children's creativity, children's (teenage), extracurricular activities, children's environmental (health, eco-biological), children's and youth tourism and excursions (young tourists), children's (youth) technical creativity(scientific and technical, young technicians), children's marine (youth), aesthetic education of children (culture, arts or by type of art), children's recreational and educational (profile));
Palace of creativity for children and students, pioneers and schoolchildren, young naturalists, sports for children and youth, artistic creativity(raising) children, children's culture (arts);
House (children's creativity, childhood and youth, students, pioneers and schoolchildren, young naturalists, children's (youth) technical creativity (young technicians), children's and youth tourism and excursions (young tourists), artistic creativity (education) of children, children's culture (arts);
Club (young sailors, rivermen, aviators, cosmonauts, paratroopers, paratroopers, radio operators, firefighters, motorists, children's (teenage), children's ecological (ecological-biological), young naturalists, children's and youth tourism and excursions (young tourists), children's youth physical training);
Station (for young naturalists, children's (youth) technical creativity (scientific and technical, young technicians), children's ecological (ecological-biological), children's and youth tourism and excursions (young tourists));
School (by various areas science and technology, various types of arts, children's and youth sports (sports and technical, including Olympic reserve);)
Children's health and educational camp;
Interschool training center.
General educational institutions:
Primary school
Basic secondary school
middle School of General education
Secondary school with in-depth study of individual subjects
Gymnasium
General education boarding school
Boarding school
Lyceum boarding school
General education boarding school with initial flight training
Cadet school
Cadet boarding school
Evening (shift) general education school
Open (shift) secondary school
Education Center
Evening (shift) general education school at correctional labor institutions (ITU) and educational labor colonies.
Educational institutions for children in need of psychological, pedagogical and medical and social assistance:
Diagnostic and Consulting Center
Center for Psychological, Medical and Social Support
Center for Psychological and Pedagogical Rehabilitation and Correction
Center for Social and Labor Adaptation and Career Guidance
Center for Curative Pedagogy and Differentiated Learning
Special educational institutions for children and adolescents with deviant behavior:
Special secondary school
Special vocational school
Special (correctional) general education school for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities (mental retardation and mild forms of mental retardation) who have committed dangerous acts.
Special (correctional) vocational school for children and adolescents with developmental disabilities (mental retardation and mild forms of mental retardation) who have committed dangerous acts
Special (correctional) primary school-kindergarten
Special (correctional) general education school
Special (correctional) general education boarding school
Institutions for orphans without parental care:
Children's home (for young children (from 1.5 to 3 years), preschool, school age, mixed)
Children's home-school for orphans and children left without parental care
Boarding school for orphans and children left without parental care
Special (correctional) Orphanage for orphans and children without parental care with developmental disabilities
Special (correctional) boarding school for orphans and children without parental care with developmental disabilities.
Health educational institutions:
Sanatorium boarding schools
Sanatorium-forest schools
Sanatorium orphanages for orphans and children left without parental care.
Suvorov, Nakhimov, cadet institutions:
Suvorov Military School
Nakhimov Naval School
Cadet (naval cadet) corps
Military Music School
Musical cadet corps.
Institutions of primary vocational education:
Professional institute
Vocational Lyceum - center for continuous professional education
Training and production center
Technical school (mining and mechanical, maritime, forestry, etc.)
Evening (shift) educational institution
Institutions of secondary vocational education:
1. Technical school (school)
2. College
Institutions of higher professional education:
Institute
Academy
University
Military Academy
Military University
Military Institute.
Institutions of additional professional education:
Academy
Institutes for advanced training and professional retraining (improvement) - sectoral, intersectoral, regional
Advanced training courses (schools, centers)
Employment service training centers
If you are interested in the types and types of educational organizations, or sports classes in a secondary school, types and types primary schools, filter your search results by audience – “School”. The first document in the list – the expert’s explanation “Type and types of educational institutions” – will allow us to partially answer asked question(Fig. 1).
So, in accordance with sub. 2 clause 4 art. 12 of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 10, 1992 No. 3266-1 “On Education” there are the following types of educational institutions:
- primary general education;
- basic general education;
- secondary (complete) general education.
The types of educational institutions are indicated in clause 1 of the Model Regulations on Educational Institutions, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 19, 2001 No. 196:
- primary comprehensive school;
- basic secondary school;
- middle School of General education;
- secondary school with in-depth study of individual subjects;
- gymnasium;
- Lyceum
There is another principle for classifying educational institutions - depending on the specifics of their legal status.
Classification of types of educational institutions
Currently, in accordance with the Federal Law of 05/08/2010 No. 83-FZ "On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the improvement of the legal status of state (municipal) institutions" all state and municipal, including preschool and general education , are divided into three types:
- autonomous;
- budgetary;
- state-owned.
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Try it for free!. For passing - a diploma of professional retraining. Educational materials presented in the format of visual notes with video lectures by experts, accompanied by the necessary templates and examples.
To find out how they differ, enter the new query " Autonomous, budgetary and government institutions". The first document in the list of materials obtained as a result of the search will allow you to find out the main differences between state-owned and autonomous and budget-funded ones.
You can search for information in the electronic system "Education" not only using the search bar, but also using the rubricator. It is located on the Main page and is a set of root thematic headings, their subcategories and materials. In order to see the subcategories and the materials included in them, you must click on the “+” icon in front of the category name.
- "Expert materials";
- "Templates and Examples";
- "Normative base".
If you click on the plus sign in front of the name of the “Expert Materials” subsection, a list of experts’ answers to questions that relate to the topic of interest to us will appear (Fig. 2).
Rice. 2
In the subsection "Templates and examples" there are local acts of institutions different types, including charters of autonomous, budgetary and government organizations in the field of education, and in the sub-heading “Regulatory framework” –: Federal Law of 05/08/2010 No. 83-FZ “On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the improvement of legal provisions of state (municipal) institutions", Federal Law of January 12, 1996 No. 7-FZ "On Non-Profit Organizations", etc. Any document can be opened by clicking on its name with the left mouse button.
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Chapter 3. Organizations carrying out educational activities
Article 21. Educational activities
1. Educational activities are carried out by educational organizations, and in cases established by this Federal law, – scientific organizations and other legal entities (hereinafter referred to as organizations providing training). Educational activities are subject to licensing, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law.
2. Right to exercise educational activities for the implementation of basic and additional general education programs, programs vocational training, as well as activities for supervision and care, education are provided to an individual entrepreneur without forming a legal entity, including within the framework of individual pedagogical activities, subject to his compliance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation for the implementation of educational activities under the specified educational programs.
Article 22. Creation, reorganization and liquidation of educational organizations
1. An educational organization is created in the form of an institution or autonomous non-profit organization in the manner established by the civil legislation of the Russian Federation for a non-profit organization of the appropriate organizational and legal form. The authorized federal executive body carrying out state registration of legal entities, in the manner and within the time limits established by the legislation on state registration of legal entities, notifies the federal executive body exercising control and supervision functions in the field of education, or the executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, exercising the delegated powers of the Russian Federation to license educational activities, on the state registration of an educational organization.
2. An educational organization, depending on who created it, is state, municipal or private. A state educational organization is one created by the Russian Federation on the basis of property owned by the federal government, or by a subject of the Russian Federation on the basis of property owned by that subject of the Russian Federation. Municipal is an educational organization created by a municipal entity ( municipal district or city district) on the basis of property owned by the relevant municipality. A private educational organization is an educational organization created in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation by the owner (citizen (citizens) and (or) legal entity (legal entities, their associations)), with the exception of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities.
3. Educational organizations implementing educational programs in areas of training (specialties) in the field of defense and state security, ensuring law and order, can only be created by the Russian Federation.
4. Educational organizations implementing educational programs for children and adolescents with deviant (socially dangerous) behavior (educational institutions) are created by the Russian Federation or a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
5. The educational organization is reorganized and liquidated in the manner prescribed by the civil legislation of the Russian Federation, taking into account the specifics established by this Federal Law, unless this entails a violation constitutional rights citizens in the field of education, including the rights of citizens to receive free education. Adoption by a federal executive body, an executive body of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or an authority local government decisions on the reorganization or liquidation of a state and (or) municipal educational organization are not allowed without prior expert assessment by this body of consequences decision taken to ensure the rights of citizens to education, in the manner established by Article 95 of this Federal Law. Reorganization and liquidation of municipal educational organizations that implement basic general education programs and are located in rural areas is permitted only with the consent of the population of rural settlements served by this institution, expressed by the representative bodies of the relevant rural settlements, or by a gathering of citizens.
6. The creation, reorganization and liquidation of international (interstate) educational organizations is carried out in accordance with international treaties Russian Federation.
Article 23. Types of educational organizations
1. Educational organizations are divided into types in accordance with the educational programs they implement. 2. In the Russian Federation, the following types of educational organizations are established that implement basic educational programs:
1) preschool educational organization– type of educational organization that carries out educational activities for the implementation of educational programs as the main (statutory) type of activity preschool education and child care and supervision;
2) educational organization– the type of educational organization that carries out educational activities as the main (statutory) type of activity for the implementation of educational programs of primary general, basic general and (or) secondary general education;
3) professional educational organization– type of educational organization that carries out educational activities for the implementation of educational programs of secondary vocational education as the main (statutory) type of activity;
4) educational organization higher education
– a type of educational organization that carries out educational activities for the implementation of educational programs of higher education as the main (statutory) type of activity.
3. In the Russian Federation, the following types of educational organizations implementing additional educational programs are established:
1) organization of additional education– type of educational organization that carries out educational activities for the implementation of additional general education programs as the main (statutory) type of activity;
2) organization of additional professional education- a type of educational organization that carries out educational activities to implement additional professional programs as its main (statutory) activity.
4. Educational organizations specified in parts 2 and 3 of this article have the right to carry out educational activities to implement the following educational programs that are not related to the main educational activities:
1) preschool educational organizations– additional general developmental programs for children;
2) general education organizations– educational programs of preschool education, additional general education programs, vocational training programs;
3) professional educational organizations– basic and additional educational programs, with the exception of educational programs of higher education;
4) educational organizations of higher education– basic and additional educational programs;
5) organizations of additional education– educational programs of preschool education;
6) organizations of additional professional education– training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel, residency programs.
5. The type of educational organization is determined upon its creation (reorganization) or renaming in accordance with the legislation on education and is enshrined in the charter. The name of the educational organization must be determined in accordance with the requirements established by the legislation of the Russian Federation and contain an indication of the nature of its activities and the type of educational organization, taking into account its organizational and legal form.
6. Educational organizations within the same type may use special names in their names in accordance with the characteristics of the educational activities carried out (levels and focus of educational programs, integration various types educational programs, special conditions their implementation and (or) special needs students), as well as additionally performed functions related to the provision of education (content, treatment, rehabilitation, correction, psychological and pedagogical support, boarding school, research, technological activities and others provided for by the legislation on education).
1. In the Russian Federation, in relation to educational organizations of higher education, the Government of the Russian Federation may establish the following categories: “federal university” and “national research university”. When establishing an educational organization of higher education in the category “federal university” or “national research university,” an indication of the established category is included in the name of such organization.
2. Federal universities are created by decision of the President of the Russian Federation by the Government of the Russian Federation in the form of an autonomous institution, including on the basis of educational organizations of higher education under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation, and scientific organizations under the jurisdiction of federal executive authorities, state academies sciences, their regional branches. While creating federal universities The Government of the Russian Federation takes into account proposals from the legislative and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, prepared on the basis of programs for the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
3. The development of federal universities is carried out within the framework of programs approved by the Government of the Russian Federation and providing for the conditions for implementation and criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the educational process, integration of educational and research activities, modernization and improvement of the material and technical base and socio-cultural infrastructure, integration into the world educational space. List of indicators and criteria for assessing the effectiveness of federal universities in terms of ensuring high level educational process, research and technological work are established by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing public policy and legal regulation in the field of education.
4. The category “national research university” is established by the Government of the Russian Federation of an educational organization of higher education for 10 years based on the results of a competitive selection of development programs for educational organizations of higher education, aimed at staffing priority areas for the development of science, technology, engineering, economic sectors, social sphere, development and implementation into production high technology. The regulations on the competitive selection of development programs for educational organizations of higher education (including the procedure and conditions for their financing) are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. List of indicators, criteria and frequency of assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of national development programs research universities are established by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education. An educational organization of higher education, based on the results of assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of development programs, may be deprived by the Government of the Russian Federation of the category “national research university”.
Article 25. Charter of an educational organization
1. An educational organization operates on the basis of a charter approved in accordance with this Federal Law and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. The charter of a civil educational institution in the part not regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation is approved by its founder.
3. The charter of an educational organization must contain, in addition to those provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, the following information:
1) founder (founders) of an educational organization;
2) types of educational programs being implemented, indicating the level of education and focus;
3) the structure and competence of the governing bodies of the educational organization, the procedure for their formation and terms of office.
4. An educational organization must create conditions for familiarizing all employees and students with its charter.
Article 26. Management of an educational organization
1. Management of an educational organization is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, taking into account the specifics established by this Federal Law and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. Management of an educational organization is based on a combination of the principles of unity of command and collegiality.
3. The sole executive body of an educational organization is the head of the educational organization (rector, director, head, chief or other manager (administrator)), who directly manages the educational organization.
4. In educational organizations, in cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law and the charter of the educational organization, collegial management bodies are also formed to carry out certain functions in managing the educational organization.
5. The collegial governing bodies of an educational organization include the general meeting (conference) of employees of the educational organization, the council of the educational organization (academic council, pedagogical council, parent committee and (or) student council), board of trustees, management council, supervisory board, and other bodies provided for charter of the educational organization. These bodies carry out their activities in accordance with the legislation on education, the charter of the educational organization and the regulations on them, approved in the manner established by the charter of the educational organization.
Article 27. Structure of an educational organization
1. Educational organizations are independent in forming their structure, unless otherwise established by this Federal Law.
2. An educational organization may have in its structure various structural units that ensure the implementation of educational activities, taking into account the level, type and focus of the educational programs being implemented, the form of education and the mode of stay of students, including branches, representative offices, departments, faculties, institutes, centers, departments, preparatory departments and courses, research, methodological and educational departments, laboratories, design bureaus, doctoral studies, educational and educational-industrial workshops, clinical bases, educational and experimental farms, training grounds, educational practice bases, educational theaters, educational concert halls, artistic and creative workshops, libraries, physical education and sports clubs, industrial and social infrastructure facilities, hostels, boarding schools, psychological and socio-pedagogical services providing social rehabilitation students who need it.
3. Structural units of an educational organization, including branches and representative offices, are not legal entities and act on the basis of the charter of the educational organization and the regulations on the corresponding structural unit, approved in the manner prescribed by the charter of the educational organization. A branch of an educational organization may not be assigned the functions of carrying out educational activities. Carrying out educational activities in the representative office of an educational organization is prohibited.
4. Branches of federal state educational organizations are created and liquidated by the founder in agreement with the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education.
5. The creation of branches of state educational organizations under the jurisdiction of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, or municipal educational organizations on the territory of another constituent entity of the Russian Federation or municipal entity is carried out in agreement, respectively, with the executive authority of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation and the local government body at the location of the branch.
6. A representative office of an educational organization is opened and closed by an educational organization.
7. The creation and liquidation of a branch (representative office) of an educational organization on the territory of a foreign state is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the foreign state at the location of the branch (representative office), unless otherwise established by international treaties of the Russian Federation. The financial and economic activities of the educational organization at the location of the branch (representative office) are carried out in accordance with the legislation of the foreign state in whose territory it is located.
Article 28. Competence, rights, duties and responsibilities of an educational organization
1. An educational organization is independent in carrying out educational, scientific, administrative, financial and economic activities, developing and adopting local regulations within the limits established by this Federal Law, other regulations and the charter of the educational organization. Educational organizations are free to determine the content of education, choose educational and methodological support, teaching methods and educational technologies for the main educational programs they implement within the framework of federal state educational standards.
2. The competence of an educational organization in the established field of activity includes:
1) development of the charter of an educational organization;
2) establishing a structure for managing the activities of an educational organization, staffing table;
3) development and adoption of rules internal regulations students of an educational organization, other local regulations;
4) logistics and equipment for the educational process, equipment of premises in accordance with state and local standards and requirements, including federal state educational standards and federal state requirements;
5) providing the founder and the public with an annual report on the receipt and expenditure of financial and material resources, as well as a report on the results of self-examination;
6) selection, hiring of workers, conclusion with them employment contracts, unless otherwise provided by this Federal Law; personnel placement, distribution job responsibilities; creating conditions and organizing advanced training teaching staff;
7) development and approval of educational programs of an educational organization;
8) formation of a contingent of students, unless otherwise provided by legislation on education;
9) determining the list of textbooks in accordance with the approved federal lists of textbooks recommended or approved for use in the educational process in educational organizations that have state accreditation and implement educational programs of general education, as well as teaching aids, approved for use in the educational process in such educational organizations;
10) carrying out ongoing monitoring of academic performance and intermediate certification of students, establishing their forms, frequency and procedure;
11) individual recording of the results of students’ mastery of educational programs, as well as storage in archives of data on these results on paper and (or) electronic media in the manner approved by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education ;
12) use and improvement of methods of the educational process and educational technologies, including distance educational technologies and (or) e-learning;
13) ensuring functioning internal system assessing the quality of education in an educational organization;
14) provision in an educational organization with a boarding school necessary conditions maintenance of students;
15) creation in the educational organization of the necessary conditions for the work of organizational units Catering And medical organizations, control of their work in order to ensure the protection and promotion of health of students and employees of the educational organization;
16) creating conditions for students to study physical culture and sports;
17) development and implementation of measures social support students of an educational organization; 18) assistance in the activities of public (including children's and youth) organizations (associations) of students, parents (legal representatives of minor students) in educational organizations, not prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation;
19) organization of scientific and methodological work, including organization and holding of scientific and methodological conferences, seminars, other public events, promotion of the activities of teachers (pedagogical) and methodological associations;
20) ensuring the creation and maintenance of the official website of the educational organization on the Internet.
3. An educational organization has the right to conduct, in the prescribed manner, scientific and other activities related to the provision of education and training, including opening camps during the holidays in the prescribed manner (with round-the-clock or daytime stays).
4. Educational organizations of higher education carry out fundamental and applied Scientific research, and also carry out scientific and technical activities, training of scientific personnel.
5. An educational organization has the right to entrust, on a contractual basis, to third parties the organization of management, scientific, methodological, resource, production, information and technological support of educational activities, logistics and equipment of the educational process, equipment of educational premises, meeting the needs of students, including in nutrition, medical care, provision of clothing, shoes, soft equipment, other necessities, transport support, management accounting and reporting, carrying out other activities.
6. An educational organization is obliged to carry out its activities in accordance with the legislation on education, including:
1) ensure the full implementation of educational programs, compliance of the quality of training of students with established requirements, compliance of the forms, methods and means of organizing the educational process used with the age, psychophysiological characteristics, inclinations, abilities, interests and needs of students;
2) create safe conditions for learning and keeping students in accordance with established standards, including ensuring the life and health of students and employees of the educational organization during the educational process;
3) respect the rights and freedoms of students and employees of the educational organization.
7. An educational organization is responsible in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation for failure to perform or improper performance of functions within its competence, for the provision of education of inadequate quality. An educational organization is obliged to compensate for damage caused to a student by poor quality education. For violation or illegal restriction of the right to education and the rights and freedoms of students provided for by the legislation on education, violation of the requirements for the implementation of educational activities and the organization of the educational process, the educational organization and its officials bear administrative responsibility in accordance with the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses.
8. Direct control over the compliance of the activities of an educational organization with the goals provided for by its charter, its implementation of the legislation of the Russian Federation, the charter, as well as its educational and financial and economic activities is carried out by the founder or supreme body management of an educational organization within its competence.
Article 29. Information openness of an educational organization
1. Educational organizations create open and publicly accessible information resources containing information about their activities, and provide access to such resources by posting them in information and telecommunication networks, including on the official website of the educational organization.
2. Educational organizations ensure openness and accessibility:
1) information about:
a) the date of creation of the educational organization;
b) the structure of the educational organization;
c) educational programs being implemented, indicating the number of students at the expense of the corresponding budget of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation and under agreements with individuals and (or) legal entities with their payment of the cost of training;
d) the language in which training and (or) education are conducted;
d) educational standards, established by universities (if any);
f) the personal composition of teaching staff, indicating educational qualifications, qualifications and work experience;
g) material and technical support and equipment of the educational process (including the availability of a library, sports facilities, educational facilities, food and medical conditions, access to information systems and information and telecommunication networks);
h) electronic educational resources, access to which is provided to students;
i) directions of research activities and the basis for its implementation (for educational organizations of higher education);
j) the results of enrollment in each area of training (specialty) of secondary vocational education (if there are entrance tests) and higher education in different conditions admission (to places financed from the corresponding budget of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation, under agreements with individuals and (or) legal entities with payment of tuition fees) indicating the average amount of points scored for all entrance examinations;
k) the number of vacant places for admission to each educational program (direction of training (specialty)) (for places financed from the relevant budget of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation, under agreements with individuals and (or) legal entities with payment of the cost of training by them);
l) the availability and conditions for providing students with scholarships and other types of social support;
m) the availability of a dormitory (boarding school) and the number of places in the dormitory (boarding school) for nonresident students;
o) receipt and expenditure of financial and material resources based on the results of the financial year;
2) copies (photocopies):
a) the charter of the educational organization;
b) a document confirming the availability of a license to carry out educational activities (with attachments);
c) certificates of state accreditation (with attachments);
d) a plan of financial and economic activities or a budget estimate of an educational organization approved in the prescribed manner;
e) local regulations provided for in Part 2 of Article 30 of this Federal Law;
3) a report on the results of the latest self-examination conducted in the manner established by the federal executive body exercising the functions of developing state policy and legal regulation in the field of education;
4) the procedure for the provision of paid educational services, including a sample agreement on the provision of paid educational services, indicating the cost of paid educational services;
5) other information posted (published) by decision of the educational organization and (or) placement (publication) of which is mandatory in accordance with federal laws.
3. Information and documents specified in part 2 of this article, if in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation they are not classified as information constituting state secrets, are subject to posting on the official website of the educational organization on the Internet and updating within thirty days from the date of entry of the relevant changes. The procedure for posting on the Internet and updating information about an educational organization, including the content and form of its presentation, is established by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Article 30. Local regulations, containing rules governing educational relations
1. Educational organizations adopt local regulations containing norms regulating educational relations, within their competence in accordance with the legislation on education in the manner established by its charter.
2. An educational organization adopts local regulations on all the main characteristics of the organization of the educational process, including establishing:
a) rules for admitting students;
b) students’ training schedule;
c) forms, frequency and procedure for ongoing monitoring of progress and intermediate certification of students;
d) the procedure and grounds for transfer, expulsion and reinstatement of students;
e) the procedure for regulating and formalizing the emergence of relations between the educational organization and students and (or) their parents (legal representatives).
3. When adopting local regulations affecting the rights of students and employees of an educational organization, the opinion of the collegial governing body of the educational organization representing the interests of employees studying in this organization is taken into account.
4. The norms of local regulations that worsen the situation of students or employees in comparison with the established legislation on education, or adopted in violation of the established procedure, are not subject to application.
Article 31. Organizations providing training
1. Organizations providing training are legal entities carrying out educational activities as additional to their main activities. Organizations providing training include scientific organizations, organizations for orphans and children left without parental care, organizations providing treatment and (or) health improvement for children, and in cases established by this article, also other legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal form.
2. Scientific organizations has the right to carry out educational activities to implement training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel, residency programs, vocational training programs and additional professional programs.
3. Organizations for orphans and children left without parental care, organizations providing treatment and (or) rehabilitation of children have the right to carry out educational activities to implement basic and additional general education programs and vocational training programs.
4. Other legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal form and form of ownership, have the right to carry out educational activities to implement vocational training programs and additional educational programs.
5. To carry out educational activities by organizations providing training, a specialized structural educational unit is created within its structure. The activities of such a unit are regulated by regulations developed and approved by the organization providing training in accordance with the legislation on education and the charter.
6. When carrying out educational activities, organizations providing training are guided by the legislation on education. They are subject to the rights, duties and responsibilities of educational organizations implementing relevant educational programs.
Article 32. Persons carrying out individual teaching activities
1. Individual pedagogical activity is an activity for the training, education and development of students, carried out by an individual who has the appropriate educational qualifications and qualifications, outside of organizations carrying out educational activities.
2. Individual teaching activities are carried out according to basic and additional general education programs, vocational training programs by individuals registered as individual entrepreneur in accordance with the Federal Law “On State Registration of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs”. Individuals, which in accordance with Labor Code of the Russian Federation are not allowed to engage in teaching activities and are not entitled to engage in individual pedagogical activity.
3. Individual teaching activities are carried out without a license.
4. A person carrying out individual teaching activities provides, before the start of providing educational services to the student, the parents (legal representatives) of the minor student information about state registration as an individual entrepreneur, the level of his professional education, and general experience pedagogical work and experience in individual teaching activities.
5. Individuals engaged in individual teaching activities in violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation bear responsibility in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.