Who is an engineer and what does he do? Engineer is a creative profession for smart people

Engineers are a kind of inventors. Representatives of the specialty facilitate the life and work of people with the help of complex mechanisms and functional devices. It is difficult to find categories of production, social and public life in which they did not participate. Every year the need for workers in the direction increases. At the same time, universities that teach engineering professions provide more and more qualified graduates for different areas human life. It is difficult to determine the most popular niches for this profile - personnel are needed everywhere.

Engineer - description of the profession and its direction

The main goals of the specialty, engineer - the creation and improvement of technical devices, tracking their effective and uninterrupted functioning.

On the shoulders of workers lies not only the need to design, assemble and test the invention, but also to accompany the process of its operation, to develop repair methods. That said, not everything that engineers usually do is related to maintaining the work cycle. technical product. Certain categories of profile employees are engaged in scientific activities.

Types of specializations of engineers:

• technologist - optimizes the process of installations, devices, robots and improves them;
• constructor - designs, creates and tests new inventions;
• physicist - applies specialized education and knowledge in physics to develop new products and improve their functionality;
• biologist - based on knowledge and biological processes, solves technical problems (cloning organs, stimulating plant growth);
• programmer writes software and algorithms to achieve maximum level production automation;
• economist - analyzes economic indicators and looks for ways to improve them;
• military - applies the skills of an engineer to create military equipment, maintain and improve it.

Those who plan to connect their lives with engineering are advised to study the description of the profession in each case. The final choice affects what subjects you need to take when entering a university, what will be the set of major disciplines. He will determine the place of service, requirements for a specialist and a list official duties.

Where can you work in your specialty

Many categories of enterprises need engineers. Inventive, design and production directions cannot do without them. An experienced specialist can apply his professional skills in research institutes, design bureaus, manufacturing plants, commercial enterprises. Profile higher education This type is in demand in medicine and metallurgy, construction and communications, mechanical engineering, military production and many other industries.

Characteristics of a specialist

The profession of an engineer requires extensive specialized knowledge. To work in the direction, you need to get a higher education, secondary or secondary special is not enough.

Desirable personal qualities of an engineer:

• accuracy up to pedantry;
• responsibility and perseverance;
• creativity and the presence of spatial imagination;
• purposefulness and initiative;
• self-confidence and the ability to defend a point of view.

Being an engineer is a calling. A person who is ready to spend hours doing complex mathematical calculations and looking for a solution to the problem is capable of satisfying all of the above requirements. He is ready to regularly attend specialized forums and courses in order to improve his qualifications and acquire new skills.

Advantages and disadvantages of the profession

The position of an engineer has positive and negative sides. As practice shows, people who are in love with this direction are not afraid or repelled by its disadvantages. Many are ready to pursue their chosen business even if they are not promised a high salary or career opportunities.

Pros of the direction

Today, the profession of an engineer is said to be one of the most sought-after specialties. According to statistics, 80% of people who have received a specialized education are employed within 3-6 months. Due to the variety of offers from employers, even a young specialist can choose the most interesting direction.

Another plus is the increase in the wages of workers in response to the increase in their professionalism. If necessary, a graduate engineer in Russia can always improve his qualifications by studying at commercial and budget forums or courses. People who are always ready to learn in this industry, ways to take key positions in enterprises with a worldwide reputation.

Also, people are attracted by a clear list of job responsibilities of an engineer. It depends on the direction of its activity and tasks. Most often, such employees work according to their own schedule, which allows them to evenly distribute their forces and achieve their goals as quickly as possible.

Cons of Engineering

At the top of the list of disadvantages of engineering specializations is the need to perform monotonous work that requires special concentration. The slightest miscalculation of an employee or committed on practical stage an error creates the risk of reducing the efficiency of production and even the development of a dangerous situation. At the same time, the salary of an engineer does not always correspond to this level of responsibility.

It is not easy to get an education in this field. It is not enough to enter the chosen university, you also need to devote several years to studying a number of complex disciplines: mathematical analysis, strength of materials, drawing and numerous narrowly focused subjects. With obtaining a diploma and starting work as an engineer, these difficulties do not end there. An ambitious and responsible specialist must constantly improve his skills, keep abreast of the latest technical trends and scientific achievements.

It is not enough to know everything you need to be a good engineer. It takes a lot of patience to be successful in this field. During the first years after graduation, only the most talented and active young people get the desired positions in an interesting industry. And the bulk of graduates have to first accumulate experience and earn a name by working for the minimum wage.

How to become an engineer?

When planning to declare yourself in a promising, but specific industry, it is recommended to assess the degree of compatibility with the direction. Career guidance will help with this. A set of measures based on testing will allow you to establish the type of personality, mindset, and peculiarities of thinking of the applicant.

First steps in engineering

In theory, the requirements of universities for future engineers rarely go beyond school curriculum. In practice, much attention is paid to the achievements of the applicant. A good specialist will come from young man, which with early years enjoys technology, modeling and product design. An additional advantage will be the enhanced study at school of such disciplines as physics and mathematics. The chances of an enviable career increase for the guys who attended the circles of technicians, electives in the study of biological, chemical and physical processes.

Where to go to study engineering?

When choosing between various specialized universities, it is recommended to initially determine your interests and further goals. This will affect which exams to take for an engineer and establish a list of subjects to be studied. Future robotics devote most of their time to mastering the principles of work artificial intelligence. For aviators, physics, rules for the design of vehicles and avionics are in the first place. Biotechnologists crammed biology and chemistry. Regardless of the category of study, a lot of time is devoted to mathematical and technical disciplines.

Educational institutions with the most prestigious engineering universities:

• MIPT State University;
• MEPhI - National Research Nuclear University;
• NRU " graduate School economy";
• Plekhanov Russian University of Economics;
• MSTU named after Bauman;
• Poly Technical University St. Petersburg.

What subjects to take as an engineer depends on the type of specialization chosen. Most universities are limited USE results in Russian language, mathematics and physics. Plekhanov and Bauman Universities, Moscow State University and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology often conduct additional entrance examinations in order to more carefully select applicants for places.

Career opportunities in the profession

An engineer in Russia has a good chance of developing his talent, provided he has high level qualifications. Particularly active young people are already in student years find places for internships, earn extra money as laboratory assistants or technicians at their own departments. By the time they graduate, they already have practical experience and they are not afraid of the demands of employers.

Every year an engineer in Russia gets more and more chances for career growth. Many areas of activity in which such employees are indispensable are rapidly developing thanks to commercial investments and state grants. It is not uncommon for young professionals to get the positions of project managers after 5-7 years of work. Ambitious employees who generate bold and promising ideas get the opportunity to implement them independently in a team of like-minded people.

How much does an engineer earn?

The salary level of an engineer varies greatly depending on the length of service, qualifications, and field of activity of the employee. On the initial stage it is 15 - 25 thousand rubles per month.

According to the data for the second quarter of 2017, the average salary of an engineer with experience is from 35 to 70 thousand rubles.

Professionals who are employed in responsible positions, complex, dangerous or strategically important industries receive many times more. Employees of commercial private organizations can count on a high income. Their incomes average 80-130 thousand rubles per month.

Over the past 10 years, the specifics of work in the field of engineering has changed dramatically. Now this is a sought-after profession that brings its representatives not only moral satisfaction, but also financial well-being. Every year, the region develops more and more actively, new directions and groups of specialization appear. Each of them needs young and enthusiastic personnel.

In the old days, every schoolchild was well aware of the prestige and qualities of an engineer's work. In our time, this profession remains in demand, but more economic positions and work related to information technology. But still, the activity of an engineer remains important for the development of almost all industries and the country's economy as a whole. It includes a large number of different industries and is divided into categories of engineers. Thus, engineers have a great opportunity for career growth from the bottom of the enterprise to top management positions.

Description of the profession

The main difference between people who have chosen the profession of an engineer is the presence of analytical thinking, good theoretical and specialized applied knowledge, which are oriented towards the fastest application in practice. A successful job depends on a good general technical education general profile. This profession involves a large number of inventions and discoveries. It includes various categories of engineers. The main task is to develop an integrated process. Engineers are needed in all modern industries.

Job Responsibilities of an Engineer

The duties of an engineer include a lot of different activities, among which it is worth paying Special attention as follows:

• Fulfillment of their duties using computer technology, communication regarding scientific and technical activities related to construction, information services. This also applies to the organization of labor, production and management, and much more, such as metrological service and technical control.
• Development of methodological, normative and technical documentation, in addition, promotion of proposals and activities regarding the implementation of programs and projects.
• Conducting a feasibility study that comprehensively explains why a particular decision is made and its implementation is carried out.

• Search for methods to reduce the cycle of work, assistance in preparatory activities before the start of the implementation process, during the process itself and at its final stages.
• Providing all structures with the necessary elements for implementation decisions taken from documents to equipment.
• Participation in research, creation of projects and programs.
• Participation in events related to equipment testing, as well as its introduction into operation or on the market.
• Preparation of all necessary conclusions, reviews and other things that will be needed for the final stage of the project.
• Study and analysis of information, technical data and performance indicators.
• Generalization, systematization, drawing up calculations regarding this information with the help of modern electronic computers.
• Drawing up orders, instructions, work schedules, diagrams, maps, reporting and setting deadlines for work, as well as maintaining other technical documentation.

• Providing practical and methodological assistance in the process of implementing programs, plans, projects and contracts.
• Supervision and examination of finished products and equipment.
• Monitoring compliance with established rules and parameters.
• Organization of advanced training of employees from the scientific and technical side.
• Taking initiative in creativity, considering inventions, introducing new working methods and improving products and the process of its creation.
• Influence on improving the organization and increasing the efficiency of the enterprise.

Nature of work

It is the duty of engineers to apply the theories and principles of various sciences to economic and technical solutions many problems. They bind scientific discoveries and developments with their practical application. This happens through the management of production sites in various areas. Their activities affect the most different stages of production. It all depends on the category of engineers. Engineering specialties have a lot of branches. To work in various industries, they receive special knowledge and skills. For work, modern computer technologies are mainly used, thanks to which production products are tested, systems are designed, their productivity is calculated and analyzed.

Working conditions

Engineers are required in industrial enterprises, in laboratories, in construction, in agriculture, in research centers, for a wide range of work. Depending on the area in which they work, they are either permanently in the offices or spend part of their working day at the facilities. For some areas of engineering, it is required to travel a long distance from the office in order to study a particular object.

Qualification

To get a profession, you need to get a higher technical education in specialized agency. Given the flexibility of the specialty, having received an education in one field, one can find work in related fields. During their studies, engineers receive theoretical, practical and scientific knowledge. Labor activity depends on the category of engineers and starts with the execution simple tasks. Only after getting acquainted with the production, they move on to solving more serious problems. This profession provides an opportunity to go through a very high career growth.

Responsibilities of a Structural Engineer and Designer

A design engineer of the highest category must develop draft theoretical and working designs of products. Then draw up technical documentation for the designs that he developed. He conducts patent research, is engaged in determining the indicators of the technical level of the products that he has designed. The designer takes part in the preparation and commissioning of products. Sometimes his duties include interacting with representatives of other organizations in order to fulfill his functional responsibilities. Below will be described which categories of engineers are needed to perform certain duties.

The design engineer, in turn, develops individual parts of the project, takes part in the collection of data for the design. It can control the creation of designed structures or objects.

Design Engineer (no experience)

A design engineer without work experience must have at least a secondary education, he must be able to use a personal computer and know the AutoCAD program. His responsibilities include drawing objects and working with the finished base of elements.

III category

The requirements for a design engineer of the third category are a diploma attesting to his higher education. An engineer of the 3rd category must know and be able to use regulatory documentation, confidently use AutoCad and Microsoft Office programs, and also have work experience. His responsibilities include participation in the design of objects, as well as the ability to quickly make drawings of varying complexity.

II category

Among the requirements for a design engineer of the second category are a diploma of higher specialized education, experience in working with the necessary computer programs, as well as experience in design must be at least two years. In addition, an engineer of the 2nd category must know and be able to use regulatory documentation, as well as his experience in high engineering and technical positions must be at least two years. His responsibilities include the development of schemes and layout of the facility, the construction of profiles, cartograms, and he also calculates the amount of work.

I category

An engineer of the 1st category must complete a specialized higher education, use a computer and all important programs, regulatory documentation, and also have at least two years of experience as a designer of the second category. His responsibilities include allowing technical issues on the objects that are assigned to him, as well as the preparation of tasks for the implementation of decisions. He must develop all the necessary documentation and draw up assignments, control the correctness of the construction of drawings and control regulatory issues.

Lead Design Engineer

The requirements for a leading design engineer include the following: he must complete a higher profile education, be able to use regulatory documentation. In addition, he must have at least three years of independent project management experience. An engineer of the highest category must be familiar with the equipment that is used in production, as well as have experience in communicating with subordinates, with production departments and regulatory bodies. His responsibilities include project development, commercial offers and technical tasks, specifications and estimates. He must supervise the designed facilities, which were carried out by an engineer of the 1st category, and control the deadlines for the completion of the project.

Chief Project Engineer

The requirements for the chief engineer are higher vocational education, at least three years of experience as a chief engineer. He should already have experience not only in creating large objects, but also in passing examinations, confidently use a computer and perfectly know all the necessary programs. His responsibilities include leading a group of different categories design engineers, verification of documentation and its approval, full maintenance and examination of the project, supervision of work, cost estimation and preparation of documentation, as well as communication with representatives of interested organizations.

The modern world cannot be imagined without various kinds of machines and mechanisms: communication, transport, work, study and even entertainment - all areas are filled with devices that make our lives easier and better. Mobile phone, car, computer, Electric kettle, elevator - all this arose at the behest of people called engineers.

Currently, the profession of an engineer is associated exclusively with the development of technical progress in the 20th century. However, this concept arose in ancient times: this was the name given to those who controlled military devices (catapults and others). In Russia, the impetus for the development of the industry in early XVIII century gave Peter I, who founded the school of mathematical and navigational sciences, which trained military engineers.

Currently, the specialty of an engineer is massively in demand in industries National economy. To support them in our country, there are many institutes, faculties and departments that train specialists in various fields. In this article, we will look at the specifics of the work of an engineer, its pros and cons, and find out how to become one.

Types of specialties

The word engineer comes from the Latin word "ingenuity", which means that these specialists work wherever something needs to be invented, designed, improved. In most cases, specialists are involved in life cycle any technical product: carry out its design, construction, trial tests, draw up a description of the production process, are responsible for operation and repair. If necessary, participate in scientific research, which, of course, can be written down in the pros of this profession.

Depending on the field of work of an engineer, the following specializations can be distinguished:

• physicist - aimed at the applied use of knowledge about physical processes, the development of new technologies,
• constructor - designs any mechanism or device,
• technologist - reveals the disadvantages and optimizes the production process of various products,
• programmer - automates various processes by writing algorithms and computer programs,
• economist - deals with the analysis and planning of economic indicators,
• military engineer - designs and maintains military equipment and automated control systems,
• bioengineer – applies knowledge of biology to solve actual problems technical problems: for example, he comes up with a mechanism for creating artificial organs.

A wide range of areas of work allows you to choose a specialty to your liking. Thus, if you love the exact sciences, then, having studied as an engineer, you can work anywhere: in industry, research organizations, in the military, in aviation and astronautics, in construction and other industries. The disadvantages of this profession include the need for serious and painstaking study, constant professional development.

Where does the path to engineering begin?

As a rule, people with a technical mindset usually become engineers: those who, from childhood, have been constantly making something, disassembling and assembling devices that come to hand. Such a hobby will be a plus for the child - it will help alleviate.

If a young man decides to become an engineer, then it is advisable for him to pay special attention to the study of physics and mathematics at school, as well as the optional study of properties various materials, physical and biological processes. At schools and institutes, physical and mathematical schools, circles are often organized young technicians where kids can develop their engineering skills. However, such schools usually require payment of fees, which is a disadvantage in this situation.

With decent preparation at school, it is not difficult for a student to enter a university in an engineering specialty. The list of technical universities in our country is very wide, below are the best of them:

• Moscow State University named after Lomonosov
• Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology,
• Moscow Engineering Physics Institute,
• Bauman Moscow State Technical University,
• Tomsk Polytechnic University,
• St. Petersburg Polytechnic University.

Such a rich selection educational institutions is a plus for a future engineer, but the competition for prestigious universities is always high - this is a minus.

Another plus for applicants is small list tests: physics, mathematics, Russian. It is worth noting that universities such as the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and Moscow State University. Lomonosov, may conduct additional entrance exams. On the one hand, this may seem like a disadvantage, because it requires even more additional training. On the other hand, this is a plus for really talented young people who may not have performed very well. test tasks school exams.

How to prove yourself as an engineer

After entering the university and studying the physical and mathematical sciences, strength of materials, materials science and drawing, the question of employment arises. Usually, even while studying at the institute, students begin to work in their departments as technicians and laboratory assistants. This is an unconditional plus, as it simplifies the process of transition from study to work, introduces students to engineering practice. On the other hand, the disadvantages in this case include the restriction of the choice of a future place of work.

To succeed as an engineer, you need to be analytical, creative, precise, meticulous, and see things through to the end. All these qualities will become pluses for the future specialist. Also, you should never discard any, even the most daring, ideas. Without such ideas, a person would never have sunk to the bottom of the ocean, would not have risen into the air, and even more so into space. Modern system education provides high-quality knowledge, but the desire to force students to think in a standard way can also be a minus for an engineer, since the most non-standard ideas can be breakthrough.

Engineering specialty is one of the most demanded in the labor market. If you come to work as a technician or laboratory assistant, in 5-7 years you can become the main or leading specialist, as well as any project. One of the advantages of this profession is its versatility: if you want, an engineer can learn almost everything: from setting up production equipment to designing aircraft. However, there is a downside to this, since it is more difficult for a universal specialist to decide what he actually likes to do.

The profession of an engineer has not lost popularity for many decades: these specialists ensure the production wealth advance technology and improve our lives every day. Despite the fact that this profession has its pros and cons, it allows you to fully realize the creative potential of people with a technical mindset and at the same time increase the welfare of society. Let not all engineers become the Leonardo da Vinci of their time, but they can make our world a little more perfect.

An engineer is a highly qualified specialist who develops new and optimizes existing technologies. This is a seeker and inventor who knows how to bring any technical idea to life.

The main task of an engineer is to create new working developments that will benefit people.

Varieties of the profession

Engineers are needed in various industries where knowledge is required exact sciences. These are aviation, construction, research organizations, the military sphere and astronautics.

• constructor– works on projects of devices and mechanisms, individual parts;
• technologist– is engaged in the optimization of production processes of various products and finds weaknesses in them;
• economist– analyzes and plans economic indicators;
• organizer- Handles business matters.

Engineering majors:

• physicist- uses knowledge about physical properties and laws for the development of new technical discoveries;
• electrical engineer– designs, develops, configures and installs industrial electrical equipment;
• chemical engineer– is engaged in the development and improvement of existing technological standards for the production of products;
• engineer estimator– determines and checks the estimated cost of work, agrees on contractual prices for construction and installation work, draws up acts of work performed;
• civil engineer– designs various buildings, bridges and roads;
• programmer– writes algorithms and computer programs for automating various processes;
• military engineer– designs and builds developments of a military nature, as well as automates the control of military equipment;
• environmental engineer- develops and improves, with the help of computer technology, equipment aimed at protecting nature;
• bioengineer- directs knowledge in biology to the creation of new technologies in the field of medicine, ecology and seeks solutions to eliminate various problems in this direction.

The profession of an engineer allows you to choose a specialty to your liking. All these people are connected by one goal - to develop devices, structures or algorithms that will make our lives better. The scope of their duties depends on the specialization and specifics of the enterprise.

History of the profession

Initially, the title of engineer was assigned to people who created military vehicles. People will never forget famous inventor Leonardo da Vinci. In the head of this person, a lot of useful technical ideas were born that were ahead of their time and could not be implemented due to the lack of opportunities of that era. He came up with a diving suit, thought about creating a parachute, a hang glider, a helicopter, a car and a bicycle. In his manuscripts you can find the idea for creating a searchlight.

In the 16th century, the concept of engineer began to be applied to people involved in the construction of roads and bridges.

professional holiday

In Russia October 30 is a professional holiday for employees of engineering and technical specialties. In Iran, the day of the engineer is considered 24 February(the day when the great Persian mathematician, astronomer and mechanic Tusi was born).

Pros and cons

To positive aspects can be attributed:

• the demand for the profession in various fields;
• a person working as an engineer, if desired, can understand almost everything: from setting up equipment to designing houses;
• the opportunity to realize your own ideas, having professional equipment at hand.

The profession is often accompanied by negative aspects:

• difficulty in learning due to a large number complex narrowly focused technical subjects;
• the need to improve their knowledge and keep abreast of the latest scientific and technological developments;
• monotony and painstaking work, as most time to work with technical documentation;
• I have to do a lot of work at the computer, which adversely affects vision and leads to pain in the spine.

The main disadvantage is small wage established for employees of state enterprises

Job Requirements

When applying for a job, a specialist has the following requirements:

• higher technical education;
• ability to read drawings and diagrams;
• confident PC user;
• possession of office equipment: fax, printer, scanner and copier.

Job Responsibilities

The main responsibilities of an engineer include:

• activities related to the design, creation of an information base, technical control, provision of equipment and other scientific and technical work;
• performance of technical and economic data analysis;
• researching;
• solving production problems;
• development of regulatory materials, manuals and technical documentation, as well as projects and programs;
• introduction of rationalization proposals and scientific achievements in production processes;
• testing the developed devices and making decisions regarding their commissioning;
• records management.

Engineer's Responsibility

On the shoulders of a specialist of this level lies the responsibility for solving many problems. A mistake and an unscrupulous approach to work can affect the lives of thousands of people. Sometimes you have to be responsible for the quality of design own life. For example, when testing a railway bridge in tsarist times, the engineer had to stand under him during his first test.

History knows cases when the mistakes of inventors became fatal: turning into big financial costs for the state, innovations have done more harm than good.

Powers

The engineer has the right:

• require all assistance from senior management for the development and implementation of ideas, but within the limits of the job description;
• ask to resolve issues regarding the supply of equipment and inventory for testing;
• request projects, diagrams and other documentation necessary for work;
• improve your qualifications.

Features of the profession

All activities of an engineer can be divided into 4 points:

• set a task;
• find information to solve it;
• develop information about innovation;
• control the production process.

Engineer is mostly a "male profession". Need to be well versed in technical devices and mechanisms, possess deep knowledge in physics and other exact sciences.

Professional skills and abilities of an engineer

The position includes:

• work with modern means communications;
• knowledge technical specifications materials;
• the ability to draw up projects, create drawings, read diagrams;
• be able to organize your work and the activities of employees entrusted to you;
• know the principles of operation of various electrical mechanisms;
• skills of concluding contracts and additional agreements;
• processing tender documents;
• operating with technical languages ​​(Russian, Ukrainian, English).

Personal qualities of an engineer

The position dictates to the specialist to have analytic skills and mathematical mindset.

It is important for people to have such qualities as

• diligence and perseverance;
• purposefulness and accuracy;
• literacy and responsibility;
• curiosity and erudition;
• creativity and creativity;
• spatial imagination and ingenuity.

The work of an engineer requires a good memory, attention and active thinking from a person.

Engineering career

Getting a job simple technician, you can reach the position of an engineer in a couple of years.

A person holding this position can be invited to the position of the head of a department, the head of a shop, the chief engineer, or even the deputy head of an enterprise, but all this is provided that the specialist has numerous talents and organizational skills.

Engineering specialty provides extensive career opportunities.

Where does an engineer work

People in this profession will be in demand

• in construction organizations;
• in scientific institutions;
• at manufacturing enterprises;
• in food companies.

An engineer can work with anyone and anywhere, but not everyone can work as an engineer.

How much does an engineer earn

The level of income of a specialist depends on the place of work. At a state-owned enterprise, the average salary for a specialist is $260.

Private companies are ready to pay a lot of money to competent inventors.

How to become an engineer

To get a job as an engineer, a prerequisite is a diploma of higher education.

However, education alone is unlikely to be enough, employers want to see intelligent specialists in their team who want to benefit society and make a significant contribution to the common cause.

Alexander Yurievich

Director of recruitment agency

Engineer (fr. ingénieur, from lat. ingenium - ability, ingenuity) - a specialist with higher technical education, the creator of information about the architecture of the material means of achieving the goal or the method of manufacturing this means (product) and exercising guidance and control over the manufacture of the product.

The profession of an engineer is considered very responsible and necessary. An engineer is an indispensable employee of any industrial enterprise. Within this profession, there may be several specializations: for example, a quantity surveyor, a civil engineer, a design engineer, a welding engineer, an environmental engineer, a chemical engineer, an electrical engineer, and others.

The activities of an engineer may include:

1. goal setting (tasks),

2. development of product information,

3. development of information on the methods of production of the product (technology),

4. management and control over the production process of the product.

Basic engineering challenge considered to be the development of new and optimization existing solutions. For example: optimization of a design solution (including alternative design), technology optimization, etc. The development of fundamentally new solutions (including inventions) is a small part engineering work, but the most significant.

Initially, engineers were called persons who controlled military vehicles. The concept of "civil engineer" appeared in the 16th century in Holland in relation to the builders of bridges and roads, then in England and other countries.

The concept and title of engineer has long been used in Russia, where engineering education began with the foundation in 1701. in Moscow, the school of mathematical and navigational sciences, and then in 1712 the first engineering school. In the Russian army of the 16th century, engineers were called "reasons".

The duties of an engineer depend on the specialization, the specifics of the industry and the enterprise in which he works.

Among the main duties of a cost estimate engineer, the following can be distinguished: determining and checking the estimated cost of work, agreeing on contractual prices for different types works (construction, plumbing, installation, etc.), drawing up acts of work performed.

The activities of a civil engineer may relate to the design of various buildings, roads, bridges, etc.

A design engineer is engaged in the design, development and implementation of progressive technological structures, individual parts.

The main responsibility of a welding engineer is to create welding technologies.

The main task of an environmental engineer is to improve, with the help of computer technology, equipment for protecting the environment.

A chemical engineer specializes in the development and improvement of existing technological rules production.

The duties of an electrical engineer include the design, development, configuration, installation of industrial electrical equipment.

For the purpose of mutual information support, for organization and development scientific activity for the benefit of society, as well as for personal professional growth, engineers unite in unions and associations.

Personal qualities

Methodical, rationality;

Curiosity;

Independence;

Thoroughness in work;

Accuracy;

persistence;

Observation;

Ingenuity;

Patience;

perseverance.

Education

The profession of an engineer requires higher or secondary specialized education, work experience in this field of activity. A candidate for the position of an engineer must have attentiveness, responsibility, good visual memory, concentration, balance, technical thinking.

Places of work: Today, engineering professionals work in almost all industries and agriculture.

The salary of an engineer depends on the specifics of the industry in which he works, work experience. You can start your career as a foreman or foreman and eventually get the position of chief engineer.